Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry, 1987 (details in table note)
CIC	Industry Name	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
	AGRICULTURE	2,084	1,149,315	22,619	26,313	2.0	2.3
10	Agricultural production, crops	998	557,203	12,186	14,735	2.2	2.6
11	Agricultural production, livestock	800	416,963	6,006	6,771	1.4	1.6
20	Agricultural services, exc. horticultural	286	175,149	4,427	4,808	2.5	2.7
	FORESTRY AND FISHERIES	767	438,995	18,668	24,929	4.3	5.7
21	Horticultural services	512	319,793	10,017	10,233	3.1	3.2
30	Forestry	182	81,525	7,025	13,070	8.6	16.0
31	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	73	37,677	1,626	1,626	4.3	4.3
	MINING	1,508	782,919	143,197	152,772	18.3	19.5
40	Metal mining	152	50,974	17,808	19,968	34.9	39.2
41	Coal mining	330	161,347	72,541	75,208	45.0	46.6
42	Crude petroleum and natural gas extraction	774	442,095	7,479	10,660	1.7	2.4
50	Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, exc. fuel	252	128,503	45,369	46,935	35.3	36.5
60	CONSTRUCTION	9,911	5,608,067	1,230,849	1,320,910	21.9	23.6
	MANUFACTURING, NONDURABLE GOODS	14,920	8,257,269	1,730,227	1,854,171	21.0	22.5
100	Meat products	769	407,265	85,721	97,248	21.0	23.9
101	Dairy products	302	167,865	44,587	47,376	26.6	28.2
102	Canned and preserved fruits and vegetables	432	235,714	85,180	91,147	36.1	38.7
110	Grain mill products	200	113,700	27,651	28,705	24.3	25.2
111	Bakery products	404	243,467	90,666	92,518	37.2	38.0
112	Sugar and confectionery products	202	101,108	31,650	34,829	31.3	34.4
120	Beverage industries	351	210,251	68,723	72,306	32.7	34.4
121	Miscellaneous food preparations and kindred products	324	183,103	33,536	35,644	18.3	19.5
122	Not specified food industries	2	839	0	0	0.0	0.0
130	Tobacco manufacturers	115	59,210	17,928	20,669	30.3	34.9
132	Knitting mills	267	127,568	8,329	11,470	6.5	9.0
140	Dyeing and finishing textiles, exc. wool and knit goods	89	42,103	8,413	10,123	20.0	24.0
141	Floor coverings, exc. hard surface	85	57,248	7,508	7,508	13.1	13.1
142	Yarn, thread, and fabric mills	872	429,961	28,853	29,819	6.7	6.9
150	Miscellaneous textile mill products	84	46,652	6,296	7,787	13.5	16.7
151	Apparel and accessories, exc. knit	1,652	985,068	188,839	202,396	19.2	20.5
152	Miscellaneous fabricated textile products	321	175,751	21,990	24,389	12.5	13.9
160	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	614	320,712	185,094	186,005	57.7	58.0
161	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	355	204,531	53,277	54,007	26.0	26.4
162	Paperboard containers and boxes	336	194,010	65,438	69,648	33.7	35.9
171	Newspaper publishing and printing	966	518,753	84,475	94,437	16.3	18.2
172	Printing, publishing, allied industries, exc. newspapers	2,049	1,172,823	133,152	144,956	11.4	12.4
180	Plastics, synthetics, and resins	258	133,094	21,557	24,981	16.2	18.8
181	Drugs	436	237,549	21,443	24,044	9.0	10.1
182	Soaps and cosmetics	295	166,516	25,918	28,127	15.6	16.9
190	Paints, varnishes, and related products	113	72,342	13,673	14,933	18.9	20.6
191	Agricultural chemicals	89	42,025	5,835	6,117	13.9	14.6
192	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	1,051	556,763	121,308	129,852	21.8	23.3
200	Petroleum refining	253	144,062	52,600	55,534	36.5	38.5
201	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	42	24,822	2,480	3,253	10.0	13.1
210	Tires and inner tubes	160	93,569	44,602	48,531	47.7	51.9
211	Other rubber products, plastics footwear and belting	230	123,673	28,354	29,798	22.9	24.1
212	Miscellaneous plastics products	903	524,016	87,641	95,663	16.7	18.3
220	Leather tanning and finishing	25	12,736	3,574	3,574	28.1	28.1
221	Footwear, exc. rubber and plastic	210	94,332	17,160	20,000	18.2	21.2
222	Leather products, exc. footwear	64	34,067	6,778	6,778	19.9	19.9
	MANUFACTURING, DURABLE GOODS	21,100	12,126,635	3,002,434	3,203,706	24.8	26.4
230	Logging	176	90,758	4,503	6,159	5.0	6.8
231	Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork	677	367,799	63,910	68,961	17.4	18.7
232	Wood buildings and mobile homes	128	80,783	3,858	4,742	4.8	5.9
241	Miscellaneous wood products	219	129,591	17,345	19,019	13.4	14.7
242	Furniture and fixtures	1,172	633,786	106,805	115,244	16.9	18.2
250	Glass and glass products	287	161,976	75,629	77,163	46.7	47.6
251	Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products	344	203,594	42,451	46,890	20.9	23.0
252	Structural clay products	55	34,490	9,568	11,436	27.7	33.2
261	Pottery and related products	57	35,236	8,635	8,635	24.5	24.5
262	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral and stone products	236	133,082	28,816	30,783	21.7	23.1
270	Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills	572	356,213	199,515	202,187	56.0	56.8
271	Iron and steel foundries	193	116,986	45,901	47,410	39.2	40.5
272	Primary aluminum industries	251	159,793	67,907	68,454	42.5	42.8
280	Other primary metal industries	356	182,978	57,530	60,779	31.4	33.2
281	Cutlery, handtools, and other hardware	222	123,161	28,884	31,647	23.5	25.7
282	Fabricated structural metal products	807	463,752	108,281	115,530	23.3	24.9
290	Screw machine products	101	57,509	9,879	11,642	17.2	20.2
291	Metal forgings and stampings	242	138,831	54,877	57,366	39.5	41.3
292	Ordnance	201	112,691	37,990	41,029	33.7	36.4
300	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products	550	323,231	88,449	91,396	27.4	28.3
301	Not specified metal industries	3	1,562	0	0	0.0	0.0
310	Engines and turbines	166	103,388	52,846	53,391	51.1	51.6
311	Farm machinery and equipment	216	117,233	28,765	30,429	24.5	26.0
312	Construction and material handling machines	336	206,279	56,407	57,660	27.3	28.0
320	Metalworking machinery	449	249,250	32,178	37,455	12.9	15.0
321	Office and accounting machines	134	82,406	6,670	6,670	8.1	8.1
322	Electronic computing equipment	1,179	646,390	19,576	24,979	3.0	3.9
331	Machinery, exc. electrical, n.e.c.	1,648	954,366	187,173	197,840	19.6	20.7
332	Not specified machinery	3	2,651	0	0	0.0	0.0
340	Household appliances	298	169,339	65,400	68,858	38.6	40.7
341	Radio, T.V., and communication equipment	873	503,686	88,729	98,564	17.6	19.6
342	Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c.	2,481	1,410,654	244,097	263,605	17.3	18.7
350	Not specified electrical machinery, equipment, and supplie	12	7,583	998	998	13.2	13.2
351	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	2,029	1,157,803	628,657	646,820	54.3	55.9
352	Aircraft and parts	1,053	680,938	233,057	263,567	34.2	38.7
360	Ship and boat building and repairing	475	270,787	71,842	80,838	26.5	29.9
361	Railroad locomotives and equipment	39	23,525	10,057	10,865	42.7	46.2
362	Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts	653	428,921	74,522	91,688	17.4	21.4
370	Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment	97	55,782	16,154	16,690	29.0	29.9
371	Scientific and controlling instruments	423	233,936	29,286	31,570	12.5	13.5
372	Optical and health services supplies	543	306,307	22,917	26,775	7.5	8.7
380	Photographic equipment and supplies	214	115,919	7,810	8,094	6.7	7.0
381	Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices	39	22,210	1,832	1,832	8.2	8.2
382	Not specified professional equipment	0
390	Toys, amusement, and sporting goods	197	109,742	14,181	15,505	12.9	14.1
391	Miscellaneous manufacturing industries	635	324,939	43,676	46,029	13.4	14.2
392	Not specified manufacturing industries	59	34,803	4,875	6,509	14.0	18.7
	TRANSPORTATION	7,916	4,383,631	1,833,399	1,968,060	41.8	44.9
400	Railroads	692	366,075	293,005	297,377	80.0	81.2
401	Bus service and urban transit	734	424,625	183,922	198,941	43.3	46.9
402	Taxicab service	139	75,775	8,163	9,069	10.8	12.0
410	Trucking service	2,649	1,466,315	368,062	391,384	25.1	26.7
411	Warehousing and storage	207	121,928	14,612	16,343	12.0	13.4
412	U.S. Postal Service	1,615	869,757	645,273	707,583	74.2	81.4
420	Water transportation	314	179,968	53,224	56,728	29.6	31.5
421	Air transportation	1,132	643,111	248,665	269,723	38.7	41.9
422	Pipe lines, exc. natural gas	31	12,283	2,299	2,299	18.7	18.7
432	Services incidental to transportation	403	223,794	16,175	18,612	7.2	8.3
	COMMUNICATIONS	2,713	1,497,769	544,664	615,866	36.4	41.1
440	Radio and television broadcasting	486	267,186	28,662	34,872	10.7	13.1
441	Telephone (wire and radio)	1,901	1,047,450	497,309	561,850	47.5	53.6
442	Telegraph and miscellaneous communications services	326	183,133	18,694	19,144	10.2	10.5
	UTILITIES AND SANITARY SERVICES	2,735	1,530,193	536,287	586,228	35.0	38.3
460	Electric light and power	1,260	675,469	241,914	259,245	35.8	38.4
461	Gas and steam supply systems	348	197,369	66,171	71,475	33.5	36.2
462	Electric and gas, and other combinations	321	181,555	82,346	91,963	45.4	50.7
470	Water supply and irrigation	334	193,775	64,730	71,695	33.4	37.0
471	Sanitary services	462	277,211	80,475	91,199	29.0	32.9
472	Not specified utilities	10	4,814	651	651	13.5	13.5
	WHOLESALE TRADE	7,053	3,940,259	329,835	358,879	8.4	9.1
500	Motor vehicles and equipment	391	218,960	15,231	17,473	7.0	8.0
501	Furniture and home furnishings	116	65,492	5,404	5,404	8.3	8.3
502	Lumber and construction materials	280	153,165	13,600	14,431	8.9	9.4
510	Sporting goods, toys, and hobby goods	65	35,987	1,556	2,493	4.3	6.9
511	Metals and minerals, exc. petroleum	139	81,047	9,751	10,421	12.0	12.9
512	Electrical goods	435	249,743	9,165	11,506	3.7	4.6
521	Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies	382	209,274	14,193	15,398	6.8	7.4
522	Not specified electrical and hardware products	0
530	Machinery, equipment, and supplies	1,768	987,955	34,991	39,568	3.5	4.0
531	Scrap and waste materials	180	104,821	8,100	9,564	7.7	9.1
532	Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods	93	57,269	1,659	2,722	2.9	4.8
540	Paper and paper products	184	106,516	7,816	7,816	7.3	7.3
541	Drugs, chemicals, and allied products	297	166,814	9,447	10,360	5.7	6.2
542	Apparel, fabrics, and notions	167	94,723	8,044	8,526	8.5	9.0
550	Groceries and related products	1,151	639,666	129,925	135,949	20.3	21.3
551	Farm products - raw materials	199	90,003	3,912	4,019	4.3	4.5
552	Petroleum products	316	169,446	9,421	11,828	5.6	7.0
560	Alcoholic beverages	258	153,164	33,566	36,090	21.9	23.6
561	Farm supplies	233	122,397	3,384	3,384	2.8	2.8
562	Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods	360	211,173	9,801	10,906	4.6	5.2
571	Not specified wholesale trade	39	22,645	869	1,022	3.8	4.5
	RETAIL TRADE	30,199	16,574,049	1,122,304	1,229,273	6.8	7.4
580	Lumber and building material retailing	856	470,329	22,228	23,696	4.7	5.0
581	Hardware stores	309	162,948	5,425	7,173	3.3	4.4
582	Retail nurseries and garden stores	103	55,782	0	0	0.0	0.0
590	Mobile home dealers	56	25,473	0	0	0.0	0.0
591	Department stores	3,662	2,075,012	101,653	119,240	4.9	5.7
592	Variety stores	267	124,786	4,941	7,635	4.0	6.1
600	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	261	126,378	12,447	13,914	9.8	11.0
601	Grocery stores	4,585	2,503,599	678,849	713,327	27.1	28.5
602	Dairy products stores	84	47,115	2,694	2,694	5.7	5.7
610	Retail bakeries	275	147,164	12,413	13,524	8.4	9.2
611	Food stores, n.e.c.	262	143,198	4,951	5,606	3.5	3.9
612	Motor vehicle dealers	1,739	986,729	38,498	44,087	3.9	4.5
620	Auto and home supply stores	665	360,685	8,193	9,538	2.3	2.6
621	Gasoline service stations	821	436,905	6,237	8,155	1.4	1.9
622	Miscellaneous vehicle dealers	129	68,109	0	0	0.0	0.0
630	Apparel and accessory stores, exc. shoe	1,237	670,179	14,500	17,078	2.2	2.5
631	Shoe stores	268	155,003	5,469	5,927	3.5	3.8
632	Furniture and home furnishings stores	804	455,479	11,274	12,175	2.5	2.7
640	Household appliances, TV, and radio stores	670	377,831	5,025	7,356	1.3	1.9
641	Eating and drinking places	9,184	5,014,268	106,425	124,285	2.1	2.5
642	Drug stores	885	484,338	32,877	36,602	6.8	7.6
650	Liquor stores	179	93,403	6,949	8,363	7.4	9.0
651	Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores	443	241,976	5,395	6,689	2.2	2.8
652	Book and stationery stores	295	163,735	3,634	3,634	2.2	2.2
660	Jewelry stores	263	144,236	2,928	4,366	2.0	3.0
661	Sewing, needlework, and piece goods stores	99	57,013	560	560	1.0	1.0
662	Mail order houses	186	114,260	5,911	6,445	5.2	5.6
670	Vending machine operators	123	68,830	8,957	9,823	13.0	14.3
671	Direct selling establishments	166	90,000	0	0	0.0	0.0
672	Fuel and ice dealers	152	68,450	6,500	7,277	9.5	10.6
681	Retail florists	246	131,577	1,251	1,754	1.0	1.3
682	Miscellaneous retail stores	905	497,363	6,120	8,351	1.2	1.7
691	Not specified retail trade	20	11,898	0	0	0.0	0.0
	FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE	12,488	6,928,692	208,432	274,771	3.0	4.0
700	Banking	3,708	1,974,647	25,972	42,527	1.3	2.2
701	Savings and loan associations	420	243,091	975	3,425	0.4	1.4
702	Credit agencies, n.e.c.	908	518,359	6,745	12,375	1.3	2.4
710	Security, commodity brokerage, and investment companies	997	559,967	10,236	17,249	1.8	3.1
711	Insurance	3,698	2,050,604	58,302	77,057	2.8	3.8
712	Real estate, including real estate-insurance-law offices	2,757	1,582,024	106,202	122,139	6.7	7.7
	BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES	8,584	4,933,641	249,645	303,093	5.1	6.1
721	Advertising	402	225,485	7,077	10,587	3.1	4.7
722	Services to dwellings and other buildings	796	476,095	59,634	63,740	12.5	13.4
730	Commercial research, development, and testing labs	472	233,230	10,724	14,206	4.6	6.1
731	Personnel supply services	1,003	563,412	14,511	20,901	2.6	3.7
732	Business management and consulting services	567	313,268	7,808	11,459	2.5	3.7
740	Computer and data processing services	955	577,997	16,784	24,345	2.9	4.2
741	Detective and protective services	603	347,067	24,617	31,206	7.1	9.0
742	Business services, n.e.c.	1,695	1,007,581	41,514	51,514	4.1	5.1
750	Automotive services, exc. repair	468	267,057	22,846	24,805	8.6	9.3
751	Automotive repair shops	950	538,503	14,961	18,842	2.8	3.5
752	Electrical repair shops	154	88,094	9,960	9,960	11.3	11.3
760	Miscellaneous repair services	519	295,852	19,209	21,528	6.5	7.3
	PERSONAL SERVICES	6,703	3,521,977	185,045	208,483	5.3	5.9
761	Private households	2,107	1,149,032	1,725	1,725	0.2	0.2
762	Hotels and motels	2,304	1,109,230	127,885	141,788	11.5	12.8
770	Lodging places, exc. hotels and motels	214	114,951	1,895	3,535	1.6	3.1
771	Laundry, cleaning, and garment services	697	390,077	43,889	48,682	11.3	12.5
772	Beauty shops	807	445,853	4,242	5,732	1.0	1.3
780	Barber shops	49	30,085	2,958	2,958	9.8	9.8
781	Funeral service and crematories	112	61,117	1,344	1,781	2.2	2.9
782	Shoe repair shops	12	9,063	0	0	0.0	0.0
790	Dressmaking shops	6	3,461	0	0	0.0	0.0
791	Miscellaneous personal services	395	209,108	1,107	2,282	0.5	1.1
	ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES	2,026	1,126,266	145,573	162,438	12.9	14.4
800	Theaters and motion pictures	507	278,918	66,204	70,648	23.7	25.3
801	Bowling alleys, billiard and pool parlors	114	65,128	1,874	2,306	2.9	3.5
802	Miscellaneous entertainment and recreation services	1,405	782,219	77,495	89,484	9.9	11.4
831	HOSPITALS	8,138	4,430,849	669,679	822,848	15.1	18.6
	MEDICAL SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS	6,498	3,488,564	280,845	320,793	8.1	9.2
812	Offices of physicians	1,245	685,833	4,887	8,420	0.7	1.2
820	Offices of dentists	750	408,798	4,546	9,344	1.1	2.3
821	Offices of chiropractors	91	47,976	0	0	0.0	0.0
822	Offices of optometrists	62	30,718	0	0	0.0	0.0
830	Offices of health practitioners, n.e.c.	61	38,791	2,921	2,921	7.5	7.5
832	Nursing and personal care facilities	2,593	1,330,212	149,118	166,794	11.2	12.5
840	Health services, n.e.c.	1,696	946,237	119,373	133,314	12.6	14.1
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	15,830	8,286,175	2,800,634	3,381,957	33.8	40.8
842	Elementary and secondary schools	10,653	5,580,855	2,443,718	2,909,605	43.8	52.1
850	Colleges and universities	4,541	2,380,603	319,851	425,249	13.4	17.9
851	Business, trade, and vocational schools	125	68,097	4,264	5,383	6.3	7.9
852	Libraries	346	173,318	27,850	34,301	16.1	19.8
860	Educational services, n.e.c.	165	83,303	4,951	7,419	5.9	8.9
	SOCIAL SERVICES	3,220	1,719,489	154,728	184,634	9.0	10.7
861	Job training and vocational rehabilitation services	389	199,479	10,740	13,196	5.4	6.6
862	Child day care services	859	452,538	13,101	16,424	2.9	3.6
870	Residential care facilities, without nursing	586	318,207	24,353	29,896	7.7	9.4
871	Social services, n.e.c.	1,386	749,265	106,534	125,118	14.2	16.7
	OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES	6,155	3,338,732	138,482	170,382	4.1	5.1
841	Legal services	1,480	805,750	10,683	15,148	1.3	1.9
872	Museums, art galleries, and zoos	176	91,006	12,502	15,213	13.7	16.7
880	Religious organizations	1,359	738,672	5,174	6,130	0.7	0.8
881	Membership organizations	877	454,338	72,631	80,838	16.0	17.8
882	Engineering, architectural, and surveying services	1,218	666,573	21,669	26,359	3.3	4.0
890	Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services	738	412,588	2,849	9,556	0.7	2.3
891	Noncommercial educational and scientific research	222	121,791	12,382	16,546	10.2	13.6
892	Miscellaneous professional and related services	85	48,015	592	592	1.2	1.2
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	9,886	5,239,261	1,565,518	1,880,450	29.9	35.9
900	Executive and legislative offices	279	137,207	14,279	18,360	10.4	13.4
901	General government, n.e.c.	1,079	572,547	130,562	156,689	22.8	27.4
910	Justice, public order, and safety	3,326	1,859,249	826,018	912,122	44.4	49.1
921	Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy	716	386,174	97,219	128,022	25.2	33.2
922	Administration of human resources programs	1,207	603,837	182,740	227,090	30.3	37.6
930	Administration of environmental quality & housing programs	641	303,949	74,175	87,364	24.4	28.7
931	Administration of economic programs	1,071	517,528	124,166	153,485	24.0	29.7
932	National security and international affairs	1,567	858,770	116,359	197,318	13.5	23.0
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 1987. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: CIC=1980 Census industry code used
in CPS, Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are union
members, Covered=workers covered by a collective bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers who
are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
© 2002 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.