Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Industry, 1992  (details in table note)
CIC	Industry Name	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
	AGRICULTURE	2,514	1,505,448	36,587	42,457	2.4	2.8
10	Agricultural production, crops	802	493,242	11,511	12,662	2.3	2.6
11	Agricultural production, livestock	766	396,557	5,106	6,300	1.3	1.6
12	Veterinary services	225	128,322	1,252	1,252	1.0	1.0
20	Landscape and horticultural services	565	378,976	11,055	12,589	2.9	3.3
30	Agricultural services, n.e.c.	156	108,350	7,663	9,655	7.1	8.9
	FORESTRY AND FISHERIES	255	111,723	7,284	11,601	6.5	10.4
31	Forestry	184	78,037	5,540	9,858	7.1	12.6
32	Fishing, hunting, and trapping	71	33,686	1,744	1,744	5.2	5.2
	MINING	1,212	620,045	93,827	100,020	15.1	16.1
40	Metal mining	150	54,384	16,148	17,437	29.7	32.1
41	Coal mining	247	116,501	39,450	39,559	33.9	34.0
42	Oil and gas extraction	597	338,507	9,272	11,403	2.7	3.4
50	Nonmetallic mining and quarrying, except fuel	218	110,653	28,958	31,620	26.2	28.6
60	CONSTRUCTION	8,427	5,049,321	1,088,356	1,160,572	21.6	23.0
	MANUFACTURING, NONDURABLE GOODS	13,897	8,166,494	1,433,237	1,532,251	17.6	18.8
100	Meat products	849	484,875	93,095	99,716	19.2	20.6
101	Dairy products	273	151,008	41,075	41,203	27.2	27.3
102	Canned, frozen and preserved fruits and vegetables	365	204,721	51,451	53,879	25.1	26.3
110	Grain mill products	210	129,711	27,400	31,877	21.1	24.6
111	Bakery products	319	194,787	56,218	61,000	28.9	31.3
112	Sugar and confectionery products	197	121,655	35,285	36,346	29.0	29.9
120	Beverage industries	310	199,872	54,196	56,958	27.1	28.5
121	Miscellaneous food preparations & kindred products	333	212,003	42,502	44,744	20.0	21.1
122	Not specified food industries	21	12,399	3,625	3,625	29.2	29.2
130	Tobacco manufactures	85	51,433	19,091	20,452	37.1	39.8
132	Knitting mills	231	101,620	4,763	5,149	4.7	5.1
140	Dyeing and finishing textiles, except wool & knit goods	69	35,283	3,705	3,705	10.5	10.5
141	Carpets and rugs	72	46,371	1,339	1,798	2.9	3.9
142	Yarn, thread, and fabric mills	777	411,591	21,431	26,038	5.2	6.3
150	Miscellaneous textile mill products	90	47,904	9,356	11,344	19.5	23.7
151	Apparel and accessories, except knit	1,412	857,666	117,074	128,120	13.7	14.9
152	Miscellaneous fabricated textile products	239	131,581	10,221	11,686	7.8	8.9
160	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	536	307,108	154,623	158,578	50.3	51.6
161	Miscellaneous paper and pulp products	341	210,739	59,447	61,625	28.2	29.2
162	Paperboard containers and boxes	340	216,661	64,422	68,771	29.7	31.7
171	Newspaper publishing and printing	878	501,090	67,328	78,006	13.4	15.6
172	Printing, publishing, & allied ind., exc. newspapers	1,884	1,159,573	110,218	121,515	9.5	10.5
180	Plastics, synthetics, and resins	268	161,608	17,506	18,409	10.8	11.4
181	Drugs	554	308,896	21,875	23,126	7.1	7.5
182	Soaps and cosmetics	278	166,780	24,372	25,028	14.6	15.0
190	Paints, varnishes, and related products	87	53,042	9,800	9,800	18.5	18.5
191	Agricultural chemicals	89	45,547	4,642	4,642	10.2	10.2
192	Industrial and miscellaneous chemicals	960	550,484	93,993	98,732	17.1	17.9
200	Petroleum refining	256	157,509	53,484	56,768	34.0	36.0
201	Miscellaneous petroleum and coal products	33	21,658	2,650	2,650	12.2	12.2
210	Tires and inner tubes	145	92,547	30,999	32,489	33.5	35.1
211	Other rubber products, & plastics footwear & belting	300	167,842	29,042	30,668	17.3	18.3
212	Miscellaneous plastics products	843	521,737	71,468	76,990	13.7	14.8
220	Leather tanning and finishing	32	17,707	7,386	7,386	41.7	41.7
221	Footwear, except rubber and plastic	151	76,882	10,347	11,058	13.5	14.4
222	Leather products, except footwear	70	34,602	7,807	8,371	22.6	24.2
	MANUFACTURING, DURABLE GOODS	18,141	11,045,631	2,368,231	2,537,542	21.4	23.0
230	Logging	170	82,192	3,320	3,320	4.0	4.0
231	Sawmills, planing mills, and millwork	555	316,169	47,091	50,404	14.9	15.9
232	Wood buildings and mobile homes	80	57,278	1,803	1,803	3.1	3.1
241	Miscellaneous wood products	229	121,950	13,322	14,289	10.9	11.7
242	Furniture and fixtures	941	545,292	58,822	66,756	10.8	12.2
250	Glass and glass products	254	161,665	61,190	62,147	37.8	38.4
251	Cement, concrete, gypsum, and plaster products	298	183,215	40,088	41,573	21.9	22.7
252	Structural clay products	64	41,829	11,151	11,151	26.7	26.7
261	Pottery and related products	70	41,966	9,263	9,263	22.1	22.1
262	Miscellaneous nonmetallic mineral & stone products	178	107,235	28,391	31,040	26.5	28.9
270	Blast furnaces, steelworks, rolling and finishing mills	553	363,602	187,944	189,696	51.7	52.2
271	Iron and steel foundries	149	96,566	35,572	38,401	36.8	39.8
272	Primary aluminum industries	217	139,466	48,767	50,010	35.0	35.9
280	Other primary metal industries	294	166,012	33,518	35,987	20.2	21.7
281	Cutlery, handtools, and general hardware	173	102,855	18,669	20,868	18.2	20.3
282	Fabricated structural metal products	683	425,204	86,540	91,809	20.4	21.6
290	Screw machine products	109	67,835	8,596	9,884	12.7	14.6
291	Metal forgings and stampings	175	109,154	39,142	39,774	35.9	36.4
292	Ordnance	140	74,600	18,977	22,978	25.4	30.8
300	Miscellaneous fabricated metal products	550	336,379	72,685	78,148	21.6	23.2
301	Not specified metal industries	6	3,175	665	665	20.9	20.9
310	Engines and turbines	127	85,617	38,148	40,129	44.6	46.9
311	Farm machinery and equipment	204	112,368	26,548	26,548	23.6	23.6
312	Construction and material handling machines	305	183,158	43,572	46,205	23.8	25.2
320	Metalworking machinery	451	257,767	20,361	22,664	7.9	8.8
321	Office and accounting machines	84	48,016	1,681	3,208	3.5	6.7
322	Computers and related equipment	904	548,136	9,515	13,734	1.7	2.5
331	Machinery, except electrical, n.e.c.	1,525	935,199	142,068	152,137	15.2	16.3
332	Not specified machinery	10	5,691	453	453	8.0	8.0
340	Household appliances	225	140,871	45,198	50,533	32.1	35.9
341	Radio, TV, and communication equipment	599	375,922	47,777	55,878	12.7	14.9
342	Electrical machinery, equipment, and supplies, n.e.c.	2,076	1,283,269	187,537	201,566	14.6	15.7
350	Not specified electrical machinery, equip., & supplies	49	28,759	3,690	4,096	12.8	14.2
351	Motor vehicles and motor vehicle equipment	1,929	1,130,014	553,628	572,346	49.0	50.6
352	Aircraft and parts	741	512,671	170,870	190,625	33.3	37.2
360	Ship and boat building and repairing	364	225,951	66,732	76,634	29.5	33.9
361	Railroad locomotives and equipment	48	28,632	10,618	10,618	37.1	37.1
362	Guided missiles, space vehicles, and parts	506	348,676	70,307	84,131	20.2	24.1
370	Cycles and miscellaneous transportation equipment	81	46,446	9,319	9,319	20.1	20.1
371	Scientific and controlling instruments	397	243,223	26,829	30,174	11.0	12.4
372	Medical, dental, and optical instruments and supplies	614	391,133	26,786	30,842	6.8	7.9
380	Photographic equipment and supplies	215	123,007	8,210	10,470	6.7	8.5
381	Watches, clocks, and clockwork operated devices	19	10,620	0	0	0.0	0.0
390	Toys, amusement, and sporting goods	205	116,237	6,176	6,348	5.3	5.5
391	Miscellaneous manufacturing industries	536	295,000	25,776	28,001	8.7	9.5
392	Not specified manufacturing industries	39	25,607	918	918	3.6	3.6
	TRANSPORTATION	7,768	4,597,191	1,776,465	1,884,930	38.6	41.0
400	Railroads	572	303,239	234,618	237,450	77.4	78.3
401	Bus service and urban transit	761	473,965	201,866	213,577	42.6	45.1
402	Taxicab service	105	61,078	4,813	5,840	7.9	9.6
410	Trucking service	2,736	1,625,436	368,307	387,623	22.7	23.8
411	Warehousing and storage	220	134,467	20,644	22,176	15.4	16.5
412	U.S. Postal Service	1,432	823,549	594,962	646,376	72.2	78.5
420	Water transportation	282	175,764	57,743	59,770	32.9	34.0
421	Air transportation	1,105	695,551	269,931	286,497	38.8	41.2
422	Pipe lines, except natural gas	45	18,348	4,926	5,680	26.8	31.0
432	Services incidental to transportation	510	285,794	18,657	19,941	6.5	7.0
	COMMUNICATIONS	2,599	1,583,513	530,914	592,798	33.5	37.4
440	Radio and television broadcasting and cable	640	372,980	36,751	42,855	9.9	11.5
441	Telephone communications	1,894	1,170,372	489,137	543,860	41.8	46.5
442	Telegraph and misc. communications services	65	40,161	5,026	6,082	12.5	15.1
	UTILITIES AND SANITARY SERVICES	2,735	1,617,091	545,397	593,550	33.7	36.7
450	Electric light and power	1,205	698,089	247,283	265,184	35.4	38.0
451	Gas and steam supply systems	347	201,149	59,600	63,045	29.6	31.3
452	Electric and gas, and other combinations	290	178,323	79,632	86,051	44.7	48.3
470	Water supply and irrigation	361	222,469	63,451	75,829	28.5	34.1
471	Sanitary services	503	299,041	91,244	98,983	30.5	33.1
472	Not specified utilities	29	18,020	4,187	4,457	23.2	24.7
	WHOLESALE TRADE	6,872	4,137,875	280,722	310,867	6.8	7.5
500	Motor vehicles and equipment	342	206,858	10,990	14,772	5.3	7.1
501	Furniture and home furnishings	96	60,037	3,510	3,510	5.8	5.8
502	Lumber and construction materials	270	167,808	16,367	16,938	9.8	10.1
510	Professional and commercial equipment and supplies	587	388,342	5,165	8,015	1.3	2.1
511	Metals and minerals, except petroleum	128	77,405	6,996	6,996	9.0	9.0
512	Electrical goods	461	285,837	7,562	8,836	2.6	3.1
521	Hardware, plumbing and heating supplies	390	231,474	9,732	14,426	4.2	6.2
530	Machinery, equipment, and supplies	947	555,017	18,758	23,531	3.4	4.2
531	Scrap and waste materials	231	137,355	12,803	12,803	9.3	9.3
532	Miscellaneous wholesale, durable goods	147	87,028	1,988	3,695	2.3	4.2
540	Paper and paper products	213	129,295	5,986	5,986	4.6	4.6
541	Drugs, chemicals and allied products	323	198,089	7,791	9,565	3.9	4.8
542	Apparel, fabrics, and notions	176	104,092	5,224	5,224	5.0	5.0
550	Groceries and related products	1,266	771,331	132,313	138,077	17.2	17.9
551	Farm-product raw materials	175	78,617	1,224	1,224	1.6	1.6
552	Petroleum products	237	135,525	4,139	5,347	3.1	3.9
560	Alcoholic beverages	216	128,341	21,110	21,110	16.4	16.4
561	Farm supplies	248	132,615	0	0	0.0	0.0
562	Miscellaneous wholesale, nondurable goods	397	250,551	8,666	10,415	3.5	4.2
571	Not specified wholesale trade	22	12,257	398	398	3.2	3.2
	RETAIL TRADE	29,563	17,323,585	1,139,332	1,254,780	6.6	7.2
580	Lumber and building material retailing	763	441,039	11,571	14,180	2.6	3.2
581	Hardware stores	285	170,159	2,318	2,923	1.4	1.7
582	Retail nurseries and garden stores	160	96,598	589	589	0.6	0.6
590	Mobile home dealers	37	22,772	0	152	0.0	0.7
591	Department stores	3,332	1,988,145	83,630	99,499	4.2	5.0
592	Variety stores	247	131,849	2,002	2,108	1.5	1.6
600	Miscellaneous general merchandise stores	215	119,737	9,768	11,326	8.2	9.5
601	Grocery stores	4,802	2,772,848	746,319	778,267	26.9	28.1
602	Dairy products stores	76	46,229	1,915	1,915	4.1	4.1
610	Retail bakeries	219	121,421	10,300	10,942	8.5	9.0
611	Food stores, n.e.c.	230	143,465	10,127	12,011	7.1	8.4
612	Motor vehicle dealers	1,578	923,240	40,338	43,463	4.4	4.7
620	Auto and home supply stores	629	379,001	9,227	10,259	2.4	2.7
621	Gasoline service stations	656	377,532	4,024	4,702	1.1	1.2
622	Miscellaneous vehicle dealers	126	75,334	1,138	2,726	1.5	3.6
623	Apparel and accessory stores, except shoe	1,292	754,853	11,897	15,250	1.6	2.0
630	Shoe stores	238	144,746	6,080	8,217	4.2	5.7
631	Furniture and home furnishings stores	674	420,344	14,555	15,952	3.5	3.8
632	Household appliance stores	152	92,315	639	639	0.7	0.7
633	Radio, TV, and computer stores	391	247,582	3,696	4,257	1.5	1.7
640	Music stores	152	97,405	486	1,127	0.5	1.2
641	Eating and drinking places	9,209	5,380,792	102,752	130,625	1.9	2.4
642	Drug stores	981	581,598	22,809	28,645	3.9	4.9
650	Liquor stores	166	96,419	2,822	3,669	2.9	3.8
651	Sporting goods, bicycles, and hobby stores	438	261,387	7,632	9,418	2.9	3.6
652	Book and stationery stores	311	175,413	3,066	4,563	1.7	2.6
660	Jewelry stores	229	127,278	348	1,474	0.3	1.2
661	Gift, novelty, and souvenir shops	263	141,032	247	247	0.2	0.2
662	Sewing, needlework and piece goods stores	106	58,450	533	533	0.9	0.9
663	Catalog and mail order houses	172	111,814	7,792	9,564	7.0	8.6
670	Vending machine operators	98	52,401	3,764	4,080	7.2	7.8
671	Direct selling establishments	247	149,351	0	506	0.0	0.3
672	Fuel dealers	166	82,881	9,294	9,629	11.2	11.6
681	Retail florists	202	110,728	934	934	0.8	0.8
682	Miscellaneous retail stores	692	406,020	6,128	9,794	1.5	2.4
691	Not specified retail trade	29	21,407	594	594	2.8	2.8
	FINANCE, INSURANCE, AND REAL ESTATE	11,640	6,859,479	187,210	247,364	2.7	3.6
700	Banking	3,428	1,936,382	27,573	41,016	1.4	2.1
701	Savings institutions, including credit unions	510	278,174	4,811	5,794	1.7	2.1
702	Credit agencies, n.e.c.	710	430,026	5,498	7,748	1.3	1.8
710	Security, commodity brokerage, & invest. companies	886	522,485	3,575	9,335	0.7	1.8
711	Insurance	3,568	2,120,450	59,213	85,519	2.8	4.0
712	Real estate, including real estate-insurance offices	2,538	1,571,962	86,539	97,953	5.5	6.2
	BUSINESS AND REPAIR SERVICES	7,917	4,954,176	251,584	295,186	5.1	6.0
721	Advertising	343	202,358	6,887	7,412	3.4	3.7
722	Services to dwellings and other buildings	835	527,598	60,269	67,218	11.4	12.7
731	Personnel supply services	1,059	653,848	13,902	22,244	2.1	3.4
732	Computer and data processing services	1,193	759,200	11,293	18,605	1.5	2.5
740	Detective and protective services	656	426,941	29,555	32,374	6.9	7.6
741	Business services, n.e.c.	1,561	962,191	37,945	46,901	3.9	4.9
742	Automotive rental and leasing, without drivers	247	162,375	19,088	19,569	11.8	12.1
750	Automotive parking and carwashes	228	140,787	14,652	16,075	10.4	11.4
751	Automotive repair and related services	1,149	721,459	18,516	22,768	2.6	3.2
752	Electrical repair shops	138	91,284	10,863	10,863	11.9	11.9
760	Miscellaneous repair services	508	306,134	28,616	31,157	9.3	10.2
	PERSONAL SERVICES	6,251	3,537,275	178,284	206,209	5.0	5.8
761	Private Households	1,836	1,091,508	10,733	13,364	1.0	1.2
762	Hotels and Motels	2,464	1,271,634	130,192	147,045	10.2	11.6
770	Lodging places, except hotels and motels	159	91,796	1,429	2,414	1.6	2.6
771	Laundry, cleaning, and garment services	589	354,787	29,068	31,391	8.2	8.8
772	Beauty shops	732	427,777	1,914	4,930	0.4	1.2
780	Barber shops	45	30,144	565	565	1.9	1.9
781	Funeral service and crematories	128	86,156	1,293	3,409	1.5	4.0
782	Shoe repair shops	8	5,834	0	0	0.0	0.0
790	Dressmaking shops	4	2,588	0	0	0.0	0.0
791	Miscellaneous personal services	286	175,052	3,090	3,090	1.8	1.8
	ENTERTAINMENT AND RECREATION SERVICES	2,852	1,672,417	154,837	186,626	9.3	11.2
800	Theaters and motion pictures	567	349,559	51,258	58,803	14.7	16.8
801	Video tape rental	156	85,460	0	0	0.0	0.0
802	Bowling centers	113	65,240	2,541	3,175	3.9	4.9
810	Miscellaneous entertainment & recreation services	2,016	1,172,158	101,038	124,648	8.6	10.6
831	HOSPITALS	8,583	4,912,853	712,998	857,769	14.5	17.5
	MEDICAL SERVICES, EXCEPT HOSPITALS	8,089	4,676,352	330,225	391,327	7.1	8.4
812	Offices and clinics of physicians	1,931	1,145,381	34,544	43,594	3.0	3.8
820	Offices and clinics of dentists	770	426,406	4,401	4,401	1.0	1.0
821	Offices and clinics of chiropractors	116	64,722	0	851	0.0	1.3
822	Offices and clinics of optometrists	94	55,574	118	118	0.2	0.2
830	Offices and clinics of health practitioners, n.e.c.	67	41,757	192	192	0.5	0.5
832	Nursing and personal care facilities	3,046	1,723,951	189,848	210,145	11.0	12.2
840	Health services, n.e.c.	2,065	1,218,562	101,122	132,025	8.3	10.8
	EDUCATIONAL SERVICES	16,403	9,150,325	3,158,084	3,758,638	34.5	41.1
842	Elementary and secondary schools	11,016	6,199,686	2,766,388	3,262,607	44.6	52.6
850	Colleges and universities	4,767	2,605,812	352,741	447,277	13.5	17.2
851	Vocational schools	136	80,179	8,124	9,699	10.1	12.1
852	Libraries	305	163,443	20,431	25,714	12.5	15.7
860	Educational services, n.e.c.	179	101,204	10,399	13,341	10.3	13.2
	SOCIAL SERVICES	4,024	2,273,829	213,875	263,503	9.4	11.6
861	Job training and vocational rehabilitation services	387	220,366	11,463	14,320	5.2	6.5
862	Child day care services	1,391	792,182	22,451	34,967	2.8	4.4
863	Family child care homes	35	17,457	2,343	2,343	13.4	13.4
870	Residential care facilities, without nursing	640	351,320	27,885	34,104	7.9	9.7
871	Social services, n.e.c.	1,571	892,505	149,733	177,769	16.8	19.9
	OTHER PROFESSIONAL SERVICES	7,428	4,298,128	159,424	197,115	3.7	4.6
841	Legal services	1,528	884,905	7,660	13,982	0.9	1.6
872	Museums, art galleries, and zoos	193	116,534	11,563	15,522	9.9	13.3
873	Labor unions	136	87,505	69,820	71,823	79.8	82.1
880	Religious organizations	1,415	797,641	9,456	13,441	1.2	1.7
881	Membership organizations, n.e.c.	662	362,710	13,848	19,906	3.8	5.5
882	Engineering, architectural, and surveying services	1,090	664,482	12,308	15,331	1.9	2.3
890	Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping services	751	444,206	8,263	9,770	1.9	2.2
891	Research, development, and testing services	1,008	570,969	21,058	29,486	3.7	5.2
892	Management and public relations services	536	307,811	2,906	5,313	0.9	1.7
893	Miscellaneous professional and related services	109	61,365	2,542	2,542	4.1	4.1
	PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION	9,676	5,595,559	1,743,415	2,114,963	31.2	37.8
900	Executive and legislative offices	320	158,839	21,266	26,608	13.4	16.8
901	General government, n.e.c.	1,073	616,849	140,237	175,289	22.7	28.4
910	Justice, public order, and safety	3,398	2,065,431	938,111	1,036,346	45.4	50.2
921	Public finance, taxation, and monetary policy	642	364,766	103,945	132,383	28.5	36.3
922	Administration of human resources programs	1,278	719,930	213,685	263,269	29.7	36.6
930	Administration of environ. quality & housing programs	515	235,973	50,190	58,797	21.3	24.9
931	Administration of economic programs	1,088	594,425	168,246	209,441	28.3	35.2
932	National security and international affairs	1,362	839,347	107,735	212,829	12.8	25.4
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 1992. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: CIC=1990 Census industry code used
in CPS, Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are union
members, Covered=workers covered by a collective bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers who
are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
© 2002 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.