Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by CMSA, MSA & PMSA, 1987 (details in table note)
Code Metropolitan Area Sector Obs Employment Members Covered %Mem %Cov
CMSAs (sorted by CPS size code):
7 Boston-Lawrence-Salem, MA-NH Total 5,691 1,926,546 309,723 327,063 16.1 17.0
Private 4,992 1,689,699 173,365 182,811 10.3 10.8
Public 699 236,848 136,358 144,252 57.6 60.9
Priv Const 249 85,498 18,936 19,847 22.1 23.2
Priv Manuf 1,353 454,010 58,944 60,626 13.0 13.4
30 Buffalo-Niagra Falls, NY Total 879 482,006 152,636 154,501 31.7 32.1
Private 725 397,777 96,876 97,652 24.4 24.5
Public 154 84,229 55,760 56,850 66.2 67.5
Priv Const 46 25,325 10,623 10,623 41.9 41.9
Priv Manuf 191 105,491 46,365 46,365 44.0 44.0
3 Chicago-Gary-Lake County, IL-IN-WI Total 5,263 3,458,012 775,108 848,867 22.4 24.5
Private 4,583 3,014,670 551,717 593,671 18.3 19.7
Public 680 443,342 223,391 255,196 50.4 57.6
Priv Const 233 157,006 79,711 82,103 50.8 52.3
Priv Manuf 1,168 776,452 217,109 228,259 28.0 29.4
22 Cincinnati-Hamilton, OH-KY-IN Total 1,281 733,615 127,115 138,340 17.3 18.9
Private 1,116 640,267 92,424 97,804 14.4 15.3
Public 165 93,347 34,691 40,536 37.2 43.4
Priv Const 43 24,609 6,744 6,744 27.4 27.4
Priv Manuf 353 200,478 51,363 53,072 25.6 26.5
11 Cleveland-Akron-Lorain, OH Total 2,048 1,162,282 285,807 305,518 24.6 26.3
Private 1,744 987,390 195,892 208,035 19.8 21.1
Public 304 174,892 89,914 97,483 51.4 55.7
Priv Const 84 47,486 19,203 19,844 40.4 41.8
Priv Manuf 512 288,892 91,737 97,104 31.8 33.6
10 Dallas-Fort Worth, TX Total 2,123 1,833,403 120,629 149,024 6.6 8.1
Private 1,887 1,632,638 91,107 113,076 5.6 6.9
Public 236 200,765 29,522 35,948 14.7 17.9
Priv Const 128 117,049 4,502 5,412 3.8 4.6
Priv Manuf 399 347,937 45,585 57,092 13.1 16.4
21 Denver-Boulder, CO Total 1,249 871,720 104,388 123,556 12.0 14.2
Private 1,030 719,527 66,477 73,027 9.2 10.1
Public 219 152,193 37,911 50,529 24.9 33.2
Priv Const 62 45,045 6,708 6,708 14.9 14.9
Priv Manuf 181 127,071 18,336 21,265 14.4 16.7
6 Detroit-Ann Arbor, MI Total 3,926 1,989,863 535,229 576,229 26.9 29.0
Private 3,410 1,730,507 376,487 408,196 21.8 23.6
Public 516 259,355 158,742 168,033 61.2 64.8
Priv Const 145 76,535 20,511 23,094 26.8 30.2
Priv Manuf 1,071 542,998 215,956 225,728 39.8 41.6
36 Hartford-New Britain-Middletown, CT Total 751 542,689 96,056 106,084 17.7 19.5
Private 660 476,856 51,422 60,135 10.8 12.6
Public 91 65,833 44,634 45,949 67.8 69.8
Priv Const 25 18,825 6,401 6,401 34.0 34.0
Priv Manuf 194 136,427 27,191 30,776 19.9 22.6
8 Houston-Galveston-Brazoria, TX Total 1,718 1,580,795 104,918 129,569 6.6 8.2
Private 1,460 1,351,066 66,904 77,267 5.0 5.7
Public 258 229,728 38,014 52,302 16.5 22.8
Priv Const 113 100,442 6,600 11,408 6.6 11.4
Priv Manuf 222 202,492 25,850 27,401 12.8 13.5
2 Los Angeles-Anaheim-Riverside, CA Total 7,845 5,689,125 1,001,894 1,164,148 17.6 20.5
Private 6,822 4,954,157 658,782 750,038 13.3 15.1
Public 1,023 734,969 343,112 414,111 46.7 56.3
Priv Const 367 296,060 71,357 78,099 24.1 26.4
Priv Manuf 1,898 1,389,137 237,064 269,407 17.1 19.4
12 Miami-Fort Lauderdale, FL Total 1,966 1,220,465 101,551 124,570 8.3 10.2
Private 1,727 1,078,071 50,247 56,859 4.7 5.3
Public 239 142,394 51,304 67,711 36.0 47.6
Priv Const 108 69,501 4,736 4,736 6.8 6.8
Priv Manuf 220 140,008 3,444 3,444 2.5 2.5
24 Milwaukee-Racine, WI Total 977 759,771 184,283 192,081 24.3 25.3
Private 845 655,702 124,483 131,404 19.0 20.0
Public 132 104,069 59,800 60,677 57.5 58.3
Priv Const 35 27,757 11,031 11,817 39.7 42.6
Priv Manuf 284 219,445 74,453 76,040 33.9 34.7
1 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-CT Total 13,852 7,487,822 2,071,755 2,231,309 27.7 29.8
Private 11,584 6,255,118 1,246,657 1,361,745 19.9 21.8
Public 2,268 1,232,703 825,098 869,563 66.9 70.5
Priv Const 602 325,505 126,947 129,694 39.0 39.8
Priv Manuf 2,518 1,338,659 322,071 346,360 24.1 25.9
4 Philadelphia-Wilmington-Trenton, PA-NJ-DE-MD Total 5,559 2,533,892 586,908 659,617 23.2 26.0
Private 4,692 2,130,003 371,647 413,929 17.4 19.4
Public 867 403,889 215,260 245,688 53.3 60.8
Priv Const 303 139,855 52,115 52,963 37.3 37.9
Priv Manuf 1,109 487,217 141,347 151,719 29.0 31.1
13 Pittsburgh-Beaver Valley, PA Total 1,399 883,499 191,951 207,364 21.7 23.5
Private 1,239 781,190 141,199 149,387 18.1 19.1
Public 160 102,309 50,752 57,977 49.6 56.7
Priv Const 72 45,698 15,728 16,347 34.4 35.8
Priv Manuf 231 146,174 59,053 61,075 40.4 41.8
26 Portland-Vancouver, OR-WA Total 942 612,961 115,801 144,318 18.9 23.5
Private 799 519,722 74,270 87,831 14.3 16.9
Public 143 93,239 41,531 56,487 44.5 60.6
Priv Const 32 23,093 7,256 7,256 31.4 31.4
Priv Manuf 157 105,996 24,738 26,124 23.3 24.6
34 Providence-Pawtucket-Fall River, RI-MA Total 2,004 546,005 116,333 120,947 21.3 22.2
Private 1,719 469,966 64,602 68,111 13.7 14.5
Public 285 76,039 51,731 52,835 68.0 69.5
Priv Const 101 28,510 8,565 8,811 30.0 30.9
Priv Manuf 606 166,669 27,149 28,418 16.3 17.1
14 St. Louis, MO-IL Total 1,283 991,785 225,127 240,589 22.7 24.3
Private 1,115 866,510 193,208 200,254 22.3 23.1
Public 168 125,275 31,919 40,335 25.5 32.2
Priv Const 61 48,791 25,257 25,257 51.8 51.8
Priv Manuf 266 205,479 77,414 80,780 37.7 39.3
5 San Francisco-Oakland-San Jose, CA Total 2,825 2,704,894 584,004 644,017 21.6 23.8
Private 2,380 2,280,937 400,921 427,922 17.6 18.8
Public 445 423,957 183,083 216,095 43.2 51.0
Priv Const 122 119,507 55,159 56,772 46.2 47.5
Priv Manuf 594 568,888 78,160 80,795 13.7 14.2
18 Seattle-Tacoma, WA Total 1,125 1,021,451 260,746 290,119 25.5 28.4
Private 937 852,732 174,835 189,563 20.5 22.2
Public 188 168,718 85,911 100,556 50.9 59.6
Priv Const 47 43,972 13,710 14,408 31.2 32.8
Priv Manuf 222 204,508 68,243 74,563 33.4 36.5
9 Washington, DC-MD-VA Total 4,078 1,996,588 250,533 317,342 12.5 15.9
Private 2,733 1,380,407 115,222 144,817 8.3 10.5
Public 1,345 616,181 135,311 172,525 22.0 28.0
Priv Const 200 112,738 16,376 18,440 14.5 16.4
Priv Manuf 184 108,170 6,442 7,741 6.0 7.2
MSAs and PMSAs (sorted by FIPS code):
80 Akron, OH, PMSA Total 510 287,595 67,094 72,170 23.3 25.1
Private 446 252,185 48,201 52,122 19.1 20.7
Public 64 35,410 18,892 20,048 53.4 56.6
160 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY  MSA Total 687 386,032 112,147 122,497 29.1 31.7
Private 501 282,320 45,449 51,347 16.1 18.2
Public 186 103,712 66,697 71,150 64.3 68.6
200 Albuquerque, NM MSA Total 792 221,604 20,328 27,029 9.2 12.2
Private 616 172,832 10,157 11,328 5.9 6.6
Public 176 48,773 10,171 15,701 20.9 32.2
240 Allentown-Bethlehem, PA-NJ  MSA Total 427 271,114 58,038 63,604 21.4 23.5
Private 374 237,861 45,964 48,358 19.3 20.3
Public 53 33,253 12,074 15,246 36.3 45.8
280 Altoona, PA  MSA Total 103 65,221 22,520 22,520 34.5 34.5
Private 90 57,007 16,157 16,157 28.3 28.3
Public 13 8,214 6,363 6,363 77.5 77.5
360 Anaheim-Santa Ana, CA  PMSA Total 1,117 1,089,974 163,851 189,980 15.0 17.4
Private 993 972,023 107,595 122,797 11.1 12.6
Public 124 117,951 56,256 67,184 47.7 57.0
380 Anchorage, AK  MSA Total 1,383 97,257 20,397 23,408 21.0 24.1
Private 1,012 71,520 7,598 8,604 10.6 12.0
Public 371 25,737 12,799 14,804 49.7 57.5
400 Anderson, IN  MSA Total 113 95,997 22,419 22,419 23.4 23.4
Private 96 80,871 16,999 16,999 21.0 21.0
Public 17 15,126 5,420 5,420 35.8 35.8
405 Anderson, SC  MSA Total 159 84,574 1,314 1,768 1.6 2.1
Private 139 74,687 1,314 1,314 1.8 1.8
Public 20 9,887 0 454 0.0 4.6
440 Ann Arbor, MI  PMSA Total 179 89,820 16,128 17,137 18.0 19.1
Private 134 67,380 8,053 9,063 12.0 13.5
Public 45 22,439 8,074 8,074 36.0 36.0
460 Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenaht, WI  MSA Total 215 167,187 30,641 32,918 18.3 19.7
Private 183 143,230 22,398 22,398 15.6 15.6
Public 32 23,956 8,243 10,520 34.4 43.9
480 Asheville, NC  MSA Total 188 69,997 4,621 4,962 6.6 7.1
Private 157 58,853 2,963 3,304 5.0 5.6
Public 31 11,144 1,658 1,658 14.9 14.9
520 Atlanta, GA  MSA Total 1,132 1,376,234 119,816 138,963 8.7 10.1
Private 965 1,173,350 79,906 93,095 6.8 7.9
Public 167 202,885 39,910 45,868 19.7 22.6
600 Augusta, GA-SC  MSA Total 197 177,751 16,383 16,825 9.2 9.5
Private 163 146,581 11,736 11,736 8.0 8.0
Public 34 31,169 4,647 5,089 14.9 16.3
620 Aurora-Elgin, IL  PMSA Total 233 147,285 30,336 34,338 20.6 23.3
Private 211 133,980 22,543 25,280 16.8 18.9
Public 22 13,305 7,793 9,058 58.6 68.1
640 Austin, TX  MSA Total 428 379,591 18,246 25,163 4.8 6.6
Private 317 288,175 9,948 12,246 3.5 4.2
Public 111 91,416 8,299 12,917 9.1 14.1
680 Bakersfield, CA  MSA Total 199 192,113 29,297 34,410 15.2 17.9
Private 166 161,475 15,401 17,293 9.5 10.7
Public 33 30,638 13,896 17,116 45.4 55.9
720 Baltimore, MD  MSA Total 1,297 952,327 159,200 191,042 16.7 20.1
Private 1,001 738,702 92,542 105,671 12.5 14.3
Public 296 213,625 66,658 85,372 31.2 40.0
760 Baton Rouge, LA  MSA Total 268 240,354 15,895 16,676 6.6 6.9
Private 185 167,527 10,046 10,046 6.0 6.0
Public 83 72,828 5,850 6,630 8.0 9.1
780 Battle Creek, MI  MSA Total 128 62,893 13,988 15,884 22.2 25.3
Private 110 54,193 11,047 12,506 20.4 23.1
Public 18 8,701 2,941 3,378 33.8 38.8
840 Beaumont-Port Arthur, FL  MSA Total 182 159,821 33,982 38,883 21.3 24.3
Private 153 136,185 28,123 30,763 20.7 22.6
Public 29 23,636 5,859 8,119 24.8 34.4
845 Beaver County, PA  PMSA Total 139 86,328 19,222 20,451 22.3 23.7
Private 125 78,020 15,501 16,152 19.9 20.7
Public 14 8,308 3,721 4,299 44.8 51.7
860 Bellingham, WA  MSA Total 96 81,795 15,316 16,100 18.7 19.7
Private 78 67,120 8,764 8,764 13.1 13.1
Public 18 14,675 6,552 7,336 44.6 50.0
870 Benton Harbor, MI  MSA Total 130 62,364 11,437 11,929 18.3 19.1
Private 108 51,846 5,777 5,777 11.1 11.1
Public 22 10,519 5,659 6,152 53.8 58.5
875 Bergen-Passaic, NJ  PMSA Total 1,315 573,769 123,604 134,337 21.5 23.4
Private 1,169 511,201 82,844 91,579 16.2 17.9
Public 146 62,568 40,761 42,758 65.1 68.3
920 Biloxi-Gulfport, MS  MSA Total 137 56,687 5,012 5,328 8.8 9.4
Private 100 41,656 2,121 2,121 5.1 5.1
Public 37 15,031 2,890 3,207 19.2 21.3
960 Binghamton, NY  MSA Total 215 125,852 21,188 22,950 16.8 18.2
Private 180 105,007 8,219 8,219 7.8 7.8
Public 35 20,845 12,970 14,731 62.2 70.7
1000 Birmingham, AL  MSA Total 497 365,977 37,085 44,135 10.1 12.1
Private 428 313,877 26,085 28,694 8.3 9.1
Public 69 52,100 11,000 15,441 21.1 29.6
1040 Bloomington-Normal, IL  MSA Total 147 89,271 15,421 16,061 17.3 18.0
Private 112 68,283 10,889 10,889 15.9 15.9
Public 35 20,989 4,531 5,172 21.6 24.6
1080 Boise City, ID  MSA Total 469 83,842 7,424 9,574 8.9 11.4
Private 375 67,508 3,435 4,609 5.1 6.8
Public 94 16,334 3,990 4,965 24.4 30.4
1120 Boston, MA  PMSR Total 3,744 1,295,745 205,031 215,560 15.8 16.6
Private 3,270 1,131,116 111,558 117,355 9.9 10.4
Public 474 164,629 93,473 98,206 56.8 59.7
1125 Boulder-Longmont, CO  PMSA Total 151 103,187 10,184 10,873 9.9 10.5
Private 126 86,706 6,219 6,219 7.2 7.2
Public 25 16,481 3,965 4,654 24.1 28.2
1140 Bradenton, FL  MSA Total 133 80,275 4,171 6,290 5.2 7.8
Private 115 70,227 1,343 1,343 1.9 1.9
Public 18 10,048 2,828 4,947 28.1 49.2
1145 Brazoria, TX  PMSA Total 68 57,471 6,472 6,472 11.3 11.3
Private 55 46,429 5,583 5,583 12.0 12.0
Public 13 11,042 890 890 8.1 8.1
1160 Bridgeport-Milford, CT  PMSA Total 288 202,416 44,299 46,898 21.9 23.2
Private 241 169,039 24,698 26,060 14.6 15.4
Public 47 33,376 19,601 20,837 58.7 62.4
1200 Brockton, MA  PMSA Total 240 82,897 16,566 18,864 20.0 22.8
Private 203 69,813 8,740 9,792 12.5 14.0
Public 37 13,084 7,826 9,072 59.8 69.3
1240 Brownsville-Harlingen, TX  MSA Total 124 85,254 2,962 5,594 3.5 6.6
Private 106 73,465 2,382 3,560 3.2 4.8
Public 18 11,789 580 2,034 4.9 17.3
1280 Buffalo, NY  PMSA Total 709 388,598 119,049 120,915 30.6 31.1
Private 583 319,872 72,112 72,888 22.5 22.8
Public 126 68,726 46,937 48,027 68.3 69.9
1305 Burlington, VT  MSA Total 524 69,720 6,925 8,527 9.9 12.2
Private 455 60,394 3,347 4,290 5.5 7.1
Public 69 9,325 3,578 4,237 38.4 45.4
1320 Canton, OH  MSA Total 295 166,177 43,631 47,043 26.3 28.3
Private 258 146,102 34,317 35,951 23.5 24.6
Public 37 20,075 9,314 11,092 46.4 55.3
1360 Cedar Rapids, IA  MSA Total 173 87,402 11,211 13,904 12.8 15.9
Private 155 78,406 8,828 9,400 11.3 12.0
Public 18 8,996 2,383 4,504 26.5 50.1
1400 Champaign-Urbana-Rantoul, IL  MSA Total 124 78,155 7,332 9,196 9.4 11.8
Private 83 51,987 1,908 3,773 3.7 7.3
Public 41 26,168 5,424 5,424 20.7 20.7
1440 Charleston, SC  MSA Total 283 154,269 11,185 12,784 7.3 8.3
Private 205 112,463 5,986 5,986 5.3 5.3
Public 78 41,807 5,199 6,798 12.4 16.3
1480 Charleston, WV  MSA Total 283 92,933 14,863 15,178 16.0 16.3
Private 224 73,391 13,208 13,523 18.0 18.4
Public 59 19,542 1,655 1,655 8.5 8.5
1520 Charlotte-Gastonia-Rock Hill, NC-SC  MSA Total 1,568 584,090 34,133 40,774 5.8 7.0
Private 1,415 526,173 25,617 30,138 4.9 5.7
Public 153 57,918 8,516 10,636 14.7 18.4
1560 Chattanooga, TN-A  MSA Total 143 132,843 19,254 20,124 14.5 15.1
Private 122 114,948 12,379 13,249 10.8 11.5
Public 21 17,894 6,875 6,875 38.4 38.4
1600 Chicago, IL  PMSA Total 4,140 2,683,335 599,275 660,289 22.3 24.6
Private 3,588 2,327,559 411,164 446,388 17.7 19.2
Public 552 355,776 188,111 213,901 52.9 60.1
1620 Chico, CA  MSA Total 86 80,206 11,767 16,375 14.7 20.4
Private 69 64,407 8,076 8,076 12.5 12.5
Public 17 15,800 3,691 8,298 23.4 52.5
1640 Cincinnati, OH-KY-IN  PMSA Total 1,093 631,096 109,869 118,840 17.4 18.8
Private 950 549,754 79,580 84,961 14.5 15.5
Public 143 81,342 30,289 33,879 37.2 41.7
1680 Cleveland, OH  PMSA Total 1,349 768,465 196,150 209,419 25.5 27.3
Private 1,139 645,669 130,654 137,510 20.2 21.3
Public 210 122,796 65,496 71,909 53.3 58.6
1720 Colorado Springs, CO  MSA Total 190 137,943 14,336 19,315 10.4 14.0
Private 153 109,600 7,011 9,389 6.4 8.6
Public 37 28,343 7,324 9,926 25.8 35.0
1740 Colombia, MO  MSA Total 145 118,665 8,038 10,426 6.8 8.8
Private 89 72,913 4,724 4,724 6.5 6.5
Public 56 45,752 3,314 5,702 7.2 12.5
1760 Columbia, SC  MSA Total 397 218,302 9,492 10,600 4.3 4.9
Private 286 158,241 5,650 6,236 3.6 3.9
Public 111 60,061 3,842 4,364 6.4 7.3
1800 Columbus, GA-AL  MSA Total 98 109,947 13,766 14,919 12.5 13.6
Private 76 85,819 5,783 5,783 6.7 6.7
Public 22 24,128 7,983 9,136 33.1 37.9
1840 Columbus, OH  MSA Total 1,008 569,040 95,353 103,980 16.8 18.3
Private 817 461,223 51,217 54,143 11.1 11.7
Public 191 107,817 44,136 49,837 40.9 46.2
1880 Corpus Christi, TX  MSA Total 187 111,650 6,968 9,749 6.2 8.7
Private 147 86,615 3,058 3,559 3.5 4.1
Public 40 25,035 3,910 6,189 15.6 24.7
1920 Dallas, TX  PMSA Total 1,427 1,242,599 65,075 80,930 5.2 6.5
Private 1,276 1,111,325 43,348 56,068 3.9 5.0
Public 151 131,274 21,727 24,862 16.6 18.9
1930 Danbury, CT  PMSR Total 162 113,598 15,457 15,457 13.6 13.6
Private 148 103,833 10,397 10,397 10.0 10.0
Public 14 9,765 5,061 5,061 51.8 51.8
1960 Davenport-Rock Island-Moline, IA-IL  MSA Total 261 144,115 33,959 35,901 23.6 24.9
Private 213 117,338 23,687 23,687 20.2 20.2
Public 48 26,776 10,272 12,214 38.4 45.6
2000 Dayton-Springfield, OH  MSA Total 699 389,607 67,814 73,476 17.4 18.9
Private 579 322,338 48,415 51,651 15.0 16.0
Public 120 67,269 19,399 21,825 28.8 32.4
2020 Daytona Beach, FL  MSA Total 186 106,935 6,018 7,716 5.6 7.2
Private 168 96,890 3,883 4,421 4.0 4.6
Public 18 10,045 2,136 3,295 21.3 32.8
2080 Denver, CO  PMSA Total 1,098 768,533 94,204 112,683 12.3 14.7
Private 904 632,821 60,258 66,808 9.5 10.6
Public 194 135,712 33,946 45,875 25.0 33.8
2120 Des Moines, IA  MSA Total 324 165,073 26,044 30,938 15.8 18.7
Private 275 139,887 14,776 16,597 10.6 11.9
Public 49 25,186 11,267 14,342 44.7 56.9
2160 Detroit, MI  PMSA Total 3,747 1,900,043 519,102 559,091 27.3 29.4
Private 3,276 1,663,127 368,434 399,133 22.2 24.0
Public 471 236,916 150,668 159,958 63.6 67.5
2240 Duluth, MN-WI MSA Total 104 88,148 30,194 31,046 34.3 35.2
Private 80 67,591 15,736 15,736 23.3 23.3
Public 24 20,557 14,458 15,310 70.3 74.5
2320 El Paso, TX  MSA Total 296 192,000 24,233 31,606 12.6 16.5
Private 234 153,587 11,829 14,599 7.7 9.5
Public 62 38,413 12,404 17,007 32.3 44.3
2360 Erie, PA  MSA Total 181 113,116 24,673 25,899 21.8 22.9
Private 170 106,280 20,849 21,508 19.6 20.2
Public 11 6,836 3,824 4,392 55.9 64.2
2400 Eugene-Springfield, OR  MSA Total 193 120,337 17,233 20,717 14.3 17.2
Private 164 102,342 11,012 12,758 10.8 12.5
Public 29 17,995 6,221 7,960 34.6 44.2
2440 Evansville, IN-KY  MSA Total 150 125,376 23,740 24,606 18.9 19.6
Private 136 112,945 19,115 19,981 16.9 17.7
Public 14 12,431 4,625 4,625 37.2 37.2
2560 Fayetteville, NC  MSA Total 208 74,022 5,963 6,988 8.1 9.4
Private 148 53,572 3,083 3,415 5.8 6.4
Public 60 20,450 2,880 3,573 14.1 17.5
2580 Fayetteville-Springdale, AR  MSA Total 124 56,268 1,620 1,620 2.9 2.9
Private 89 41,322 434 434 1.1 1.1
Public 35 14,946 1,186 1,186 7.9 7.9
2640 Flint, MI  MSA Total 388 191,781 74,751 74,751 39.0 39.0
Private 340 167,702 59,858 59,858 35.7 35.7
Public 48 24,080 14,893 14,893 61.8 61.8
2650 Florence, AL  MSA Total 121 90,266 15,993 18,092 17.7 20.0
Private 87 64,487 8,180 8,180 12.7 12.7
Public 34 25,779 7,814 9,913 30.3 38.5
2655 Florence, SC  MSA Total 109 59,516 1,030 1,521 1.7 2.6
Private 99 54,421 1,030 1,521 1.9 2.8
Public 10 5,095 0 0 0.0 0.0
2670 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO  MSA Total 136 94,347 10,439 10,439 11.1 11.1
Private 110 76,457 3,997 3,997 5.2 5.2
Public 26 17,891 6,442 6,442 36.0 36.0
2680 Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood-Pompano Beach, FL  PMSA Total 753 445,280 41,286 50,154 9.3 11.3
Private 649 384,813 15,807 18,333 4.1 4.8
Public 104 60,467 25,480 31,820 42.1 52.6
2700 Fort Myers, FL  MSA Total 176 101,355 4,455 8,632 4.4 8.5
Private 143 83,298 1,173 1,988 1.4 2.4
Public 33 18,057 3,282 6,644 18.2 36.8
2720 Fort Smith, AR-OK  MSA Total 149 61,416 8,955 10,631 14.6 17.3
Private 132 54,369 8,066 9,742 14.8 17.9
Public 17 7,047 889 889 12.6 12.6
2750 Fort Walton Beach, FL  MSA Total 99 55,838 3,681 7,574 6.6 13.6
Private 70 39,392 973 2,133 2.5 5.4
Public 29 16,446 2,709 5,440 16.5 33.1
2760 Fort Wayne, IN  MSA Total 187 154,736 29,388 37,367 19.0 24.1
Private 163 134,514 21,127 23,533 15.7 17.5
Public 24 20,222 8,261 13,835 40.9 68.4
2800 Fort Worth-Arlington, TX  PMSA Total 696 590,804 55,553 68,094 9.4 11.5
Private 611 521,313 47,759 57,008 9.2 10.9
Public 85 69,491 7,794 11,086 11.2 16.0
2840 Fresno, CA  MSA Total 229 224,778 60,514 64,006 26.9 28.5
Private 180 176,699 35,640 37,380 20.2 21.2
Public 49 48,079 24,875 26,626 51.7 55.4
2880 Gadsden, AL  MSA Total 118 82,396 20,427 20,427 24.8 24.8
Private 106 73,903 14,506 14,506 19.6 19.6
Public 12 8,493 5,921 5,921 69.7 69.7
2900 Gainesville, FL  MSA Total 133 78,450 5,504 8,226 7.0 10.5
Private 76 45,328 2,406 2,406 5.3 5.3
Public 57 33,121 3,098 5,819 9.4 17.6
2920 Galveston-Texas City, TX  PMSA Total 114 97,631 11,078 16,655 11.3 17.1
Private 81 68,922 10,349 11,923 15.0 17.3
Public 33 28,710 729 4,732 2.5 16.5
2960 Gary-Hammond, IN  PMSA Total 264 228,341 61,289 62,886 26.8 27.5
Private 232 201,321 52,639 53,483 26.1 26.6
Public 32 27,020 8,650 9,403 32.0 34.8
3000 Grand Rapids, MI  MSA Total 597 292,795 50,833 53,627 17.4 18.3
Private 547 269,072 38,486 39,741 14.3 14.8
Public 50 23,722 12,347 13,886 52.0 58.5
3120 Greenboro-Winston Salem-High Point, NC  MSA Total 1,167 418,043 27,825 36,489 6.7 8.7
Private 1,060 378,852 21,692 26,116 5.7 6.9
Public 107 39,192 6,133 10,373 15.6 26.5
3160 Greenville-Spartanburg, SC  MSA Total 518 277,867 7,394 9,278 2.7 3.3
Private 467 249,939 3,113 4,420 1.2 1.8
Public 51 27,927 4,281 4,858 15.3 17.4
3200 Hamilton-Middletown, OH  PMSA Total 188 102,519 17,246 19,500 16.8 19.0
Private 166 90,514 12,843 12,843 14.2 14.2
Public 22 12,005 4,403 6,656 36.7 55.4
3240 Harrisburg-Lebanon-Carlisle, PA  MSA Total 264 164,048 32,502 37,455 19.8 22.8
Private 204 126,599 17,620 18,899 13.9 14.9
Public 60 37,450 14,882 18,557 39.7 49.6
3280 Hartford, CT  PMSA Total 538 388,222 62,803 72,831 16.2 18.8
Private 473 341,004 32,306 41,019 9.5 12.0
Public 65 47,218 30,497 31,812 64.6 67.4
3290 Hickory, NC  MSA Total 324 112,355 4,101 5,767 3.7 5.1
Private 296 102,558 2,656 2,656 2.6 2.6
Public 28 9,797 1,445 3,111 14.7 31.7
3320 Honolulu, HI  MSA Total 1,438 332,713 94,480 103,709 28.4 31.2
Private 1,101 254,287 52,438 57,617 20.6 22.7
Public 337 78,425 42,042 46,092 53.6 58.8
3350 Houma-Thibodaux, LA  MSA Total 131 122,326 1,562 2,420 1.3 2.0
Private 115 107,848 590 1,449 0.5 1.3
Public 16 14,478 972 972 6.7 6.7
3360 Houston, TX  PMSA Total 1,536 1,425,692 87,368 106,442 6.1 7.5
Private 1,324 1,235,715 50,972 59,761 4.1 4.8
Public 212 189,977 36,396 46,680 19.2 24.6
3400 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH  MSA Total 168 56,757 7,051 9,656 12.4 17.0
Private 134 45,659 4,378 6,238 9.6 13.7
Public 34 11,098 2,673 3,418 24.1 30.8
3440 Huntsville, AL  MSA Total 164 120,242 7,413 9,559 6.2 7.9
Private 126 91,637 4,860 5,532 5.3 6.0
Public 38 28,605 2,553 4,027 8.9 14.1
3480 Indianapolis, IN  MSA Total 684 583,625 101,027 110,423 17.3 18.9
Private 566 482,910 75,437 79,162 15.6 16.4
Public 118 100,715 25,589 31,261 25.4 31.0
3520 Jackson, MI  MSA Total 126 60,088 19,534 21,494 32.5 35.8
Private 109 51,684 13,660 15,067 26.4 29.2
Public 17 8,403 5,874 6,427 69.9 76.5
3560 Jackson, MS  MSA Total 371 158,625 11,482 13,107 7.2 8.3
Private 290 123,943 8,046 8,494 6.5 6.9
Public 81 34,682 3,436 4,613 9.9 13.3
3600 Jacksonville, FL  MSA Total 664 402,359 44,802 58,746 11.1 14.6
Private 557 336,654 24,355 30,279 7.2 9.0
Public 107 65,705 20,447 28,467 31.1 43.3
3640 Jersey City, NJ  PMSA Total 519 239,195 91,462 99,926 38.2 41.8
Private 448 208,296 69,974 78,010 33.6 37.5
Public 71 30,900 21,488 21,916 69.5 70.9
3660 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA  MSA Total 168 147,723 23,217 25,024 15.7 16.9
Private 144 126,680 18,990 20,797 15.0 16.4
Public 24 21,043 4,227 4,227 20.1 20.1
3680 Johnstown, PA  MSA Total 128 80,044 24,409 24,409 30.5 30.5
Private 109 67,907 17,287 17,287 25.5 25.5
Public 19 12,137 7,122 7,122 58.7 58.7
3690 Joliet, IL  PMSA Total 283 180,075 47,810 51,249 26.5 28.5
Private 248 157,842 38,660 39,359 24.5 24.9
Public 35 22,233 9,149 11,890 41.2 53.5
3710 Joplin, MO  MSA Total 113 93,607 14,392 15,080 15.4 16.1
Private 100 83,286 10,570 11,258 12.7 13.5
Public 13 10,322 3,822 3,822 37.0 37.0
3720 Kalamazoo, MI  MSA Total 198 96,678 17,363 18,303 18.0 18.9
Private 164 79,488 10,717 11,248 13.5 14.2
Public 34 17,189 6,647 7,055 38.7 41.0
3740 Kankakee, IL  MSA Total 90 57,326 12,577 12,577 21.9 21.9
Private 72 46,217 8,296 8,296 17.9 17.9
Public 18 11,109 4,281 4,281 38.5 38.5
3760 Kansas City, MO-KS  MSA Total 1,180 733,097 141,748 157,732 19.3 21.5
Private 984 610,289 102,402 107,642 16.8 17.6
Public 196 122,807 39,346 50,090 32.0 40.8
3810 Killeen-Temple, TX  MSA Total 122 98,627 3,235 3,235 3.3 3.3
Private 76 62,426 1,692 1,692 2.7 2.7
Public 46 36,201 1,543 1,543 4.3 4.3
3840 Knoxville, TN  MSA Total 311 273,876 40,149 50,904 14.7 18.6
Private 261 230,525 26,917 30,930 11.7 13.4
Public 50 43,351 13,232 19,974 30.5 46.1
3880 Lafayette, LA  MSA Total 91 82,080 4,695 4,695 5.7 5.7
Private 70 62,430 1,717 1,717 2.8 2.8
Public 21 19,650 2,977 2,977 15.2 15.2
3960 Lake Charles, LA  MSA Total 65 59,620 8,685 8,685 14.6 14.6
Private 51 47,203 7,810 7,810 16.5 16.5
Public 14 12,418 875 875 7.0 7.0
3965 Lake County, IL  PMSA Total 343 218,977 36,399 40,105 16.6 18.3
Private 304 193,969 26,711 29,161 13.8 15.0
Public 39 25,008 9,688 10,944 38.7 43.8
3980 Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL  MSA Total 314 236,393 21,565 24,179 9.1 10.2
Private 280 216,037 15,766 16,812 7.3 7.8
Public 34 20,356 5,799 7,366 28.5 36.2
4000 Lancaster, PA  MSA Total 273 172,858 19,001 26,417 11.0 15.3
Private 246 156,333 12,869 16,602 8.2 10.6
Public 27 16,525 6,133 9,815 37.1 59.4
4040 Lansing-East Lansing, MI  MSA Total 347 168,834 44,829 46,594 26.6 27.6
Private 244 119,468 22,532 23,853 18.9 20.0
Public 103 49,366 22,297 22,742 45.2 46.1
4120 Las Vegas, NV  MSA Total 1,047 272,357 63,211 68,709 23.2 25.2
Private 915 238,487 50,200 53,656 21.0 22.5
Public 132 33,870 13,011 15,053 38.4 44.4
4160 Lawrence-Haverhill, MA-NH  PMSA Total 399 135,315 29,005 29,669 21.4 21.9
Private 357 121,616 19,191 19,545 15.8 16.1
Public 42 13,698 9,814 10,124 71.6 73.9
4200 Lawton, OK  MSA Total 119 73,251 4,612 6,853 6.3 9.4
Private 71 42,957 1,496 1,985 3.5 4.6
Public 48 30,294 3,116 4,869 10.3 16.1
4280 Lexington-Fayette, KY  MSA Total 213 147,410 7,756 8,538 5.3 5.8
Private 173 120,893 7,100 7,100 5.9 5.9
Public 40 26,517 656 1,438 2.5 5.4
4320 Lima, OH  MSA Total 121 67,411 19,993 21,084 29.7 31.3
Private 104 58,286 15,098 15,610 25.9 26.8
Public 17 9,125 4,895 5,475 53.6 60.0
4360 Lincoln, NE  MSA Total 371 104,937 13,604 16,145 13.0 15.4
Private 277 78,702 6,881 8,289 8.7 10.5
Public 94 26,235 6,724 7,856 25.6 29.9
4400 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR  MSA Total 485 198,015 25,696 29,928 13.0 15.1
Private 379 154,493 14,246 15,314 9.2 9.9
Public 106 43,522 11,450 14,614 26.3 33.6
4440 Lorain-Elyria, OH  PMSA Total 189 106,222 22,563 23,929 21.2 22.5
Private 159 89,536 17,037 18,403 19.0 20.6
Public 30 16,686 5,526 5,526 33.1 33.1
4480 Los Angeles-Long Beach, CA  PMSA Total 5,685 3,570,865 624,276 734,664 17.5 20.6
Private 4,975 3,138,082 433,857 496,097 13.8 15.8
Public 710 432,784 190,419 238,567 44.0 55.1
4520 Louisville, KY-IN  MSA Total 563 397,625 74,260 78,147 18.7 19.7
Private 497 352,407 61,461 64,077 17.4 18.2
Public 66 45,218 12,799 14,069 28.3 31.1
4560 Lowell, MA-NH  PMSA Total 379 129,671 22,372 23,372 17.3 18.0
Private 321 110,455 11,270 11,953 10.2 10.8
Public 58 19,216 11,102 11,419 57.8 59.4
4600 Lubbock, TX  MSA Total 92 77,881 6,053 6,799 7.8 8.7
Private 68 57,909 2,689 2,689 4.6 4.6
Public 24 19,972 3,364 4,110 16.8 20.6
4680 Macon-Warner Robins, GA  MSA Total 92 108,645 13,860 18,985 12.8 17.5
Private 70 83,594 7,055 9,907 8.4 11.9
Public 22 25,052 6,805 9,079 27.2 36.2
4720 Madison, WI  MSA Total 201 157,981 33,592 35,861 21.3 22.7
Private 149 117,941 12,794 13,455 10.8 11.4
Public 52 40,041 20,798 22,406 51.9 56.0
4760 Manchester, NH  MSA Total 260 69,536 7,832 8,994 11.3 12.9
Private 234 62,450 4,828 5,409 7.7 8.7
Public 26 7,086 3,004 3,585 42.4 50.6
4800 Mansfield, OH  MSA Total 166 91,934 23,262 24,935 25.3 27.1
Private 144 79,829 18,443 19,497 23.1 24.4
Public 22 12,104 4,819 5,438 39.8 44.9
4880 McAllen-Edinburg-Mission, TX  MSA Total 200 165,898 7,239 7,865 4.4 4.7
Private 134 102,542 3,713 3,713 3.6 3.6
Public 66 63,356 3,526 4,152 5.6 6.6
4890 Medford, OR  MSA Total 108 64,435 7,845 8,445 12.2 13.1
Private 91 54,412 3,053 3,654 5.6 6.7
Public 17 10,023 4,791 4,791 47.8 47.8
4900 Melbourne-Titusville-Palm Bay, FL  MSA Total 260 161,040 16,684 19,029 10.4 11.8
Private 224 139,569 9,568 11,913 6.9 8.5
Public 36 21,470 7,116 7,116 33.1 33.1
4920 Memphis, TN-AR-MS  MSA Total 398 359,829 43,265 56,944 12.0 15.8
Private 308 279,010 22,846 28,208 8.2 10.1
Public 90 80,819 20,419 28,736 25.3 35.6
5000 Miami-Hialeah, FL  PMSA Total 1,213 775,185 60,265 74,417 7.8 9.6
Private 1,078 693,258 34,441 38,526 5.0 5.6
Public 135 81,927 25,824 35,890 31.5 43.8
5015 Middlesex-Somerset-Hunterdon, NJ  PMSA Total 1,118 479,295 93,153 102,300 19.4 21.3
Private 973 416,514 61,224 67,777 14.7 16.3
Public 145 62,781 31,929 34,523 50.9 55.0
5080 Milwaukee, WI  PMSA Total 820 637,717 147,608 153,933 23.1 24.1
Private 704 545,362 95,673 101,120 17.5 18.5
Public 116 92,355 51,935 52,812 56.2 57.2
5120 Minneapolis-St, Paul, MN-WI  MSA Total 1,333 1,126,574 262,734 281,816 23.3 25.0
Private 1,127 955,706 167,412 178,373 17.5 18.7
Public 206 170,868 95,322 103,443 55.8 60.5
5160 Mobile, AL  MSA Total 208 158,766 23,165 29,462 14.6 18.6
Private 171 130,892 18,196 18,883 13.9 14.4
Public 37 27,874 4,969 10,580 17.8 38.0
5170 Modesto, CA  MSA Total 109 99,522 46,790 47,729 47.0 48.0
Private 92 83,996 33,068 34,006 39.4 40.5
Public 17 15,526 13,722 13,722 88.4 88.4
5190 Monmouth-Ocean, NJ  PMSA Total 833 355,616 82,656 89,198 23.2 25.1
Private 682 292,419 48,755 51,647 16.7 17.7
Public 151 63,197 33,902 37,551 53.6 59.4
5200 Monroe, LA  MSA Total 103 97,455 6,883 9,378 7.1 9.6
Private 85 79,931 6,883 6,883 8.6 8.6
Public 18 17,525 0 2,494 0.0 14.2
5240 Montgomery, AL  MSA Total 170 123,593 9,082 9,631 7.3 7.8
Private 126 92,384 3,241 3,241 3.5 3.5
Public 44 31,210 5,840 6,390 18.7 20.5
5320 Muskegon, MI  MSA Total 124 60,985 16,746 17,232 27.5 28.3
Private 110 54,212 11,476 11,962 21.2 22.1
Public 14 6,773 5,270 5,270 77.8 77.8
5360 Nashville, TN  MSA Total 473 420,247 42,623 53,701 10.1 12.8
Private 411 365,511 31,656 34,777 8.7 9.5
Public 62 54,736 10,967 18,924 20.0 34.6
5380 Nassau-Suffolk, NY  PMSA Total 2,040 1,202,010 323,320 340,475 26.9 28.3
Private 1,640 969,891 170,865 181,164 17.6 18.7
Public 400 232,118 152,454 159,311 65.7 68.6
5400 New Bedford, MA  MSA Total 182 63,113 16,774 16,774 26.6 26.6
Private 157 54,858 11,947 11,947 21.8 21.8
Public 25 8,255 4,827 4,827 58.5 58.5
5440 New Britain, CT  PMSA Total 92 65,560 13,403 13,403 20.4 20.4
Private 81 57,278 7,543 7,543 13.2 13.2
Public 11 8,282 5,860 5,860 70.8 70.8
5480 New Haven-Meriden, CT  MSA Total 315 235,727 46,163 52,246 19.6 22.2
Private 279 209,612 29,423 34,841 14.0 16.6
Public 36 26,116 16,740 17,405 64.1 66.6
5520 New London-Norwich, CT-RI  MSA Total 128 90,555 21,761 24,036 24.0 26.5
Private 112 79,685 15,409 17,684 19.3 22.2
Public 16 10,869 6,352 6,352 58.4 58.4
5560 New Orleans, LA  MSA Total 543 518,502 51,033 59,642 9.8 11.5
Private 444 426,436 25,581 29,991 6.0 7.0
Public 99 92,066 25,453 29,651 27.6 32.2
5600 New York, NY  PMSA Total 5,255 3,221,711 1,065,732 1,152,904 33.1 35.8
Private 4,274 2,631,157 628,389 695,374 23.9 26.4
Public 981 590,554 437,342 457,530 74.1 77.5
5640 Newark, NJ  PMSA Total 1,922 836,582 185,576 202,675 22.2 24.2
Private 1,667 726,544 122,837 132,421 16.9 18.2
Public 255 110,039 62,739 70,255 57.0 63.8
5700 Niagara Falls, NY  PMSA Total 170 93,408 33,587 33,587 36.0 36.0
Private 142 77,906 24,764 24,764 31.8 31.8
Public 28 15,503 8,823 8,823 56.9 56.9
5720 Norfolk-Virginia Beach-Newport News, VA  MSA Total 589 518,642 48,878 66,858 9.4 12.9
Private 445 390,213 25,364 31,371 6.5 8.0
Public 144 128,429 23,514 35,487 18.3 27.6
5760 Norwalk, CT  PMSA Total 95 71,552 6,146 6,146 8.6 8.6
Private 89 66,819 4,592 4,592 6.9 6.9
Public 6 4,733 1,554 1,554 32.8 32.8
5775 Oakland, CA  PMSA Total 939 894,720 223,433 243,038 25.0 27.2
Private 782 745,422 162,618 170,656 21.8 22.9
Public 157 149,299 60,815 72,382 40.7 48.5
5790 Ocala, FL  MSA Total 154 97,091 4,961 5,974 5.1 6.2
Private 139 87,468 2,799 3,812 3.2 4.4
Public 15 9,623 2,162 2,162 22.5 22.5
5880 Oklahoma City, OK  MSA Total 686 449,691 41,420 45,523 9.2 10.1
Private 544 364,984 25,297 25,804 6.9 7.1
Public 142 84,707 16,123 19,719 19.0 23.3
5910 Olympia, WA  MSA Total 142 125,199 23,636 28,694 18.9 22.9
Private 82 72,562 9,705 9,705 13.4 13.4
Public 60 52,637 13,931 18,989 26.5 36.1
5920 Omaha, NE-IA  MSA Total 824 230,468 27,542 36,932 12.0 16.0
Private 697 195,077 13,476 17,613 6.9 9.0
Public 127 35,391 14,066 19,318 39.7 54.6
5950 Orange County, NY  PMSA Total 199 118,720 32,770 32,770 27.6 27.6
Private 156 92,753 18,791 18,791 20.3 20.3
Public 43 25,967 13,979 13,979 53.8 53.8
5960 Orlando, FL  MSA Total 728 421,342 30,668 45,714 7.3 10.8
Private 643 371,498 19,773 29,066 5.3 7.8
Public 85 49,844 10,895 16,648 21.9 33.4
6000 Oxnard-Ventura, CA  PMSA Total 279 274,776 38,446 46,843 14.0 17.0
Private 236 232,638 24,593 27,199 10.6 11.7
Public 43 42,138 13,854 19,644 32.9 46.6
6060 Pawtucket-Woonsocket-Attleboro, RI-MA  PMSA Total 242 59,916 9,471 10,150 15.8 16.9
Private 217 53,817 5,125 5,804 9.5 10.8
Public 25 6,099 4,346 4,346 71.3 71.3
6080 Pensacola, FL  MSA Total 186 104,021 7,957 14,441 7.6 13.9
Private 150 84,099 3,080 4,747 3.7 5.6
Public 36 19,922 4,877 9,695 24.5 48.7
6120 Peoria, IL  MSA Total 233 142,092 33,021 36,034 23.2 25.4
Private 202 123,268 27,636 30,038 22.4 24.4
Public 31 18,824 5,386 5,996 28.6 31.8
6160 Philadelphia, PA-NJ  PMSA Total 3,585 2,084,439 480,517 542,919 23.1 26.0
Private 3,027 1,767,013 313,724 352,299 17.8 19.9
Public 558 317,426 166,793 190,620 52.5 60.1
6200 Phoenix, AZ  MSA Total 1,095 838,933 43,969 60,335 5.2 7.2
Private 936 719,666 25,423 33,094 3.5 4.6
Public 159 119,267 18,546 27,241 15.6 22.8
6280 Pittsburgh, PA  PMSA Total 1,260 797,171 172,728 186,913 21.7 23.4
Private 1,114 703,170 125,697 133,235 17.9 18.9
Public 146 94,001 47,031 53,678 50.0 57.1
6400 Portland, ME  MSA Total 365 89,235 14,296 15,981 16.0 17.9
Private 329 80,375 8,536 9,638 10.6 12.0
Public 36 8,860 5,760 6,343 65.0 71.6
6440 Portland, OR  PMSA Total 844 525,965 90,142 115,974 17.1 22.0
Private 719 448,311 56,809 67,685 12.7 15.1
Public 125 77,654 33,333 48,289 42.9 62.2
6450 Portsmouth-Dover-Rochester, NH-ME  MSA Total 261 71,920 8,504 10,354 11.8 14.4
Private 213 58,804 2,347 3,374 4.0 5.7
Public 48 13,116 6,157 6,980 46.9 53.2
6460 Poughkeepsie, NY  MSA Total 225 126,098 20,068 22,824 15.9 18.1
Private 185 104,023 7,862 7,862 7.6 7.6
Public 40 22,075 12,205 14,962 55.3 67.8
6480 Providence, RI  PMSA Total 1,091 276,465 62,346 64,400 22.6 23.3
Private 916 232,443 30,988 31,937 13.3 13.7
Public 175 44,023 31,358 32,463 71.2 73.7
6520 Provo-Orem, UT  MSA Total 160 50,083 5,069 6,512 10.1 13.0
Private 131 40,998 1,513 2,383 3.7 5.8
Public 29 9,086 3,556 4,129 39.1 45.4
6560 Pueblo, CO  MSA Total 106 74,265 12,680 14,822 17.1 20.0
Private 78 53,897 4,678 4,678 8.7 8.7
Public 28 20,368 8,001 10,144 39.3 49.8
6600 Racine, WI  PMSA Total 157 122,054 36,674 38,148 30.0 31.3
Private 141 110,340 28,810 30,284 26.1 27.4
Public 16 11,715 7,865 7,865 67.1 67.1
6640 Raleigh-Durham, NC  MSA Total 936 337,294 14,018 16,186 4.2 4.8
Private 762 275,846 7,292 8,814 2.6 3.2
Public 174 61,448 6,726 7,372 10.9 12.0
6680 Reading, PA  MSA Total 219 137,889 21,133 21,133 15.3 15.3
Private 202 127,074 16,823 16,823 13.2 13.2
Public 17 10,815 4,310 4,310 39.9 39.9
6720 Reno, NV  MSA Total 265 71,144 7,766 9,069 10.9 12.7
Private 235 62,994 4,580 5,141 7.3 8.2
Public 30 8,150 3,187 3,928 39.1 48.2
6760 Richmond-Petersburg, VA  MSA Total 417 367,819 36,417 43,405 9.9 11.8
Private 330 291,678 26,274 32,287 9.0 11.1
Public 87 76,141 10,143 11,118 13.3 14.6
6780 Riverside-San Bernardino, CA  PMSA Total 764 753,510 175,320 192,661 23.3 25.6
Private 618 611,415 92,737 103,945 15.2 17.0
Public 146 142,095 82,584 88,716 58.1 62.4
6800 Roanoke, VA  MSA Total 164 142,687 15,005 15,785 10.5 11.1
Private 145 125,897 11,308 11,308 9.0 9.0
Public 19 16,790 3,697 4,477 22.0 26.7
6840 Rochester, NY  MSA Total 716 407,980 64,026 67,360 15.7 16.5
Private 615 350,917 30,238 31,897 8.6 9.1
Public 101 57,063 33,788 35,464 59.2 62.1
6880 Rockford, IL  MSA Total 175 106,207 13,634 14,682 12.8 13.8
Private 163 98,566 10,479 11,526 10.6 11.7
Public 12 7,641 3,156 3,156 41.3 41.3
6920 Sacramento, CA  MSA Total 574 526,463 102,849 138,135 19.5 26.2
Private 405 367,197 45,387 53,618 12.4 14.6
Public 169 159,267 57,462 84,518 36.1 53.1
6960 Saginaw-Bay City-Midland, MI  MSA Total 366 176,506 55,644 58,695 31.5 33.3
Private 315 152,395 43,257 45,253 28.4 29.7
Public 51 24,111 12,387 13,442 51.4 55.7
7040 St. Louis, MO-IL  PMSA Total 967 792,406 171,820 183,593 21.7 23.2
Private 850 698,490 149,699 154,853 21.4 22.2
Public 117 93,916 22,121 28,740 23.6 30.6
7080 Salem, OR  MSA Total 145 89,536 26,559 28,559 29.7 31.9
Private 108 67,306 14,593 14,593 21.7 21.7
Public 37 22,230 11,965 13,965 53.8 62.8
7090 Salem-Gloucester, MA  PMSA Total 345 116,924 19,487 21,369 16.7 18.3
Private 303 102,836 10,840 12,401 10.5 12.1
Public 42 14,088 8,647 8,969 61.4 63.7
7120 Salinas-Seaside-Monterey, CA  MSA Total 92 87,836 23,238 31,266 26.5 35.6
Private 62 59,886 12,197 16,578 20.4 27.7
Public 30 27,950 11,041 14,688 39.5 52.6
7160 Salt Lake City-Ogden, UT  MSA Total 1,308 408,306 44,205 65,752 10.8 16.1
Private 1,020 319,053 17,559 24,302 5.5 7.6
Public 288 89,253 26,646 41,450 29.9 46.4
7240 San Antonio, TX  MSA Total 724 481,218 23,652 38,414 4.9 8.0
Private 573 380,458 15,580 22,344 4.1 5.9
Public 151 100,760 8,073 16,071 8.0 15.9
7320 San Diego, CA  MSA Total 870 819,104 138,879 160,401 17.0 19.6
Private 694 657,026 68,832 74,522 10.5 11.3
Public 176 162,078 70,047 85,880 43.2 53.0
7360 San Francisco, CA  PMSA Total 800 772,558 198,203 222,849 25.7 28.8
Private 656 634,941 141,564 155,055 22.3 24.4
Public 144 137,617 56,639 67,794 41.2 49.3
7400 San Jose, CA  PMSA Total 699 669,656 90,189 97,447 13.5 14.6
Private 631 604,842 55,237 58,990 9.1 9.8
Public 68 64,814 34,952 38,457 53.9 59.3
7480 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Lompoc, CA  MSA Total 133 129,157 14,247 15,170 11.0 11.7
Private 111 108,923 10,838 10,838 10.0 10.0
Public 22 20,234 3,408 4,332 16.8 21.4
7485 Santa Cruz, CA  PMSA Total 108 102,513 17,817 18,815 17.4 18.4
Private 90 85,438 9,744 9,744 11.4 11.4
Public 18 17,075 8,073 9,071 47.3 53.1
7500 Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA  PMSA Total 131 124,906 23,968 29,605 19.2 23.7
Private 109 104,396 16,823 18,542 16.1 17.8
Public 22 20,510 7,145 11,063 34.8 53.9
7510 Sarasota, FL  MSA Total 136 76,608 4,013 5,742 5.2 7.5
Private 117 66,185 1,086 1,625 1.6 2.5
Public 19 10,423 2,927 4,117 28.1 39.5
7520 Savannah, GA  MSA Total 110 132,603 18,590 23,458 14.0 17.7
Private 93 111,737 15,489 18,058 13.9 16.2
Public 17 20,866 3,101 5,400 14.9 25.9
7560 Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA  MSA Total 442 278,377 62,017 69,716 22.3 25.0
Private 380 239,091 43,387 45,912 18.1 19.2
Public 62 39,287 18,630 23,804 47.4 60.6
7600 Seattle, WA  PMSA Total 938 855,994 211,964 234,432 24.8 27.4
Private 793 724,485 145,271 160,000 20.1 22.1
Public 145 131,509 66,693 74,432 50.7 56.6
7610 Sharon, PA  MSA Total 105 66,451 21,487 23,197 32.3 34.9
Private 86 54,992 16,489 16,489 30.0 30.0
Public 19 11,458 4,998 6,708 43.6 58.5
7680 Shreveport, LA  MSA Total 161 146,974 17,987 26,823 12.2 18.3
Private 130 118,733 13,847 15,778 11.7 13.3
Public 31 28,240 4,140 11,045 14.7 39.1
7720 Sioux City, IA-NE  MSA Total 117 59,139 9,220 9,761 15.6 16.5
Private 108 54,687 8,294 8,834 15.2 16.2
Public 9 4,452 927 927 20.8 20.8
7760 Sioux Falls, SD  MSA Total 625 65,633 6,104 7,041 9.3 10.7
Private 556 58,383 3,494 4,215 6.0 7.2
Public 69 7,250 2,610 2,827 36.0 39.0
7800 South Bend-Mishawaka, IN  MSA Total 100 86,379 13,563 15,266 15.7 17.7
Private 91 78,998 11,038 11,834 14.0 15.0
Public 9 7,381 2,525 3,433 34.2 46.5
7840 Spokane, WA  MSA Total 133 120,062 18,568 24,425 15.5 20.3
Private 124 111,955 14,744 19,523 13.2 17.4
Public 9 8,107 3,824 4,902 47.2 60.5
7880 Springfield, IL  MSA Total 145 88,442 14,188 17,829 16.0 20.2
Private 100 60,561 9,950 10,583 16.4 17.5
Public 45 27,881 4,239 7,246 15.2 26.0
7920 Springfield, MO  MSA Total 107 82,954 5,640 10,286 6.8 12.4
Private 94 72,594 4,875 7,062 6.7 9.7
Public 13 10,360 765 3,224 7.4 31.1
8000 Springfield, MA  MSA Total 626 214,248 45,640 51,723 21.3 24.1
Private 523 179,525 24,248 27,557 13.5 15.3
Public 103 34,723 21,392 24,166 61.6 69.6
8040 Stamford, CT  PMSA Total 106 73,359 7,581 8,223 10.3 11.2
Private 97 66,652 3,292 3,934 4.9 5.9
Public 9 6,707 4,289 4,289 64.0 64.0
8120 Stockton, CA  MSA Total 176 165,206 49,762 57,358 30.1 34.7
Private 133 125,582 28,560 29,628 22.7 23.6
Public 43 39,624 21,203 27,730 53.5 70.0
8160 Syracuse, NY  MSA Total 543 307,330 86,223 88,471 28.1 28.8
Private 449 254,227 55,709 57,408 21.9 22.6
Public 94 53,103 30,515 31,063 57.5 58.5
8200 Tacoma, WA  PMSA Total 187 165,457 48,782 55,687 29.5 33.7
Private 144 128,247 29,563 29,563 23.1 23.1
Public 43 37,210 19,218 26,124 51.6 70.2
8240 Tallahassee, FL  MSA Total 202 146,096 4,070 18,468 2.8 12.6
Private 122 86,732 2,434 2,434 2.8 2.8
Public 80 59,364 1,636 16,034 2.8 27.0
8280 Tampa-St, Petersburg-Clearwater, FL  MSA Total 1,421 827,410 55,080 75,426 6.7 9.1
Private 1,229 715,900 27,046 32,532 3.8 4.5
Public 192 111,510 28,034 42,894 25.1 38.5
8320 Terre Haute, IN  MSA Total 72 58,304 15,401 15,401 26.4 26.4
Private 59 47,589 13,887 13,887 29.2 29.2
Public 13 10,715 1,513 1,513 14.1 14.1
8400 Toledo, OH  MSA Total 476 269,622 79,065 83,579 29.3 31.0
Private 407 231,108 58,976 60,800 25.5 26.3
Public 69 38,514 20,090 22,779 52.2 59.1
8440 Topeka, KS  MSA Total 143 66,061 8,653 9,940 13.1 15.0
Private 108 50,423 5,078 5,907 10.1 11.7
Public 35 15,638 3,574 4,033 22.9 25.8
8480 Trenton, NJ  PMSA Total 367 153,911 42,099 48,268 27.4 31.4
Private 265 110,611 18,572 19,352 16.8 17.5
Public 102 43,300 23,527 28,916 54.3 66.8
8520 Tucson, AZ  MSA Total 328 254,688 13,669 19,657 5.4 7.7
Private 257 200,086 6,792 7,456 3.4 3.7
Public 71 54,603 6,877 12,200 12.6 22.3
8560 Tulsa, OK  MSA Total 546 337,177 49,231 51,702 14.6 15.3
Private 480 296,345 33,653 34,372 11.4 11.6
Public 66 40,832 15,578 17,330 38.2 42.4
8600 Tuscaloosa, AL  MSA Total 151 109,773 10,777 12,693 9.8 11.6
Private 103 74,904 7,032 7,032 9.4 9.4
Public 48 34,869 3,745 5,661 10.7 16.2
8680 Utica-Rome, NY  MSA Total 187 103,894 33,104 33,104 31.9 31.9
Private 147 81,945 17,338 17,338 21.2 21.2
Public 40 21,949 15,765 15,765 71.8 71.8
8720 Vallejo-Fairfield-Napa, CA  PMSA Total 148 140,540 30,393 32,263 21.6 23.0
Private 112 105,898 14,935 14,935 14.1 14.1
Public 36 34,642 15,458 17,327 44.6 50.0
8780 Visalia-Tulare-Porterville, CA  MSA Total 131 127,352 20,759 20,759 16.3 16.3
Private 111 108,796 12,138 12,138 11.2 11.2
Public 20 18,556 8,621 8,621 46.5 46.5
8800 Waco, TX  MSA Total 103 87,250 7,116 10,632 8.2 12.2
Private 85 71,651 3,761 4,514 5.2 6.3
Public 18 15,599 3,355 6,119 21.5 39.2
8840 Washington, DC-MD-VA  MSA Total 4,078 1,996,588 250,533 317,342 12.5 15.9
Private 2,733 1,380,407 115,222 144,817 8.3 10.5
Public 1,345 616,181 135,311 172,525 22.0 28.0
8880 Waterbury, CT  MSA Total 152 111,216 28,725 29,412 25.8 26.4
Private 131 96,104 15,598 16,286 16.2 16.9
Public 21 15,112 13,126 13,126 86.9 86.9
8920 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA  MSA Total 101 50,560 7,811 10,724 15.4 21.2
Private 81 40,938 5,585 7,682 13.6 18.8
Public 20 9,623 2,226 3,041 23.1 31.6
8960 West Palm Beach-Boca Raton-Delray Beach, FL  MSA Total 490 280,933 15,589 21,123 5.5 7.5
Private 431 248,135 7,975 9,611 3.2 3.9
Public 59 32,799 7,614 11,512 23.2 35.1
9000 Wheeling, WV-OH  MSA Total 73 25,264 4,350 5,707 17.2 22.6
Private 64 21,777 4,350 4,350 20.0 20.0
Public 9 3,487 0 1,357 0.0 38.9
9040 Wichita, KS  MSA Total 549 243,501 33,856 43,743 13.9 18.0
Private 450 199,444 21,312 29,314 10.7 14.7
Public 99 44,057 12,543 14,429 28.5 32.7
9140 Williamsport, PA  MSA Total 124 76,827 12,703 14,575 16.5 19.0
Private 112 69,438 10,243 10,857 14.8 15.6
Public 12 7,389 2,460 3,718 33.3 50.3
9160 Wilmington, DE-NJ-MD  PMSA Total 1,379 198,866 33,542 35,727 16.9 18.0
Private 1,221 176,244 21,670 23,079 12.3 13.1
Public 158 22,622 11,871 12,649 52.5 55.9
9240 Worcester, MA  MSA Total 613 206,858 31,846 34,438 15.4 16.6
Private 524 176,925 17,509 18,823 9.9 10.6
Public 89 29,932 14,336 15,615 47.9 52.2
9280 York, PA  MSA Total 288 180,029 25,138 27,524 14.0 15.3
Private 263 164,782 19,192 21,016 11.6 12.8
Public 25 15,247 5,946 6,508 39.0 42.7
9320 Youngstown-Warren, OH  MSA Total 308 169,521 53,407 58,286 31.5 34.4
Private 276 151,904 44,112 47,858 29.0 31.5
Public 32 17,617 9,295 10,429 52.8 59.2
9340 Yuba City, CA  MSA Total 99 91,777 16,859 18,593 18.4 20.3
Private 70 65,052 7,621 7,621 11.7 11.7
Public 29 26,724 9,238 10,971 34.6 41.1
                 
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 1987. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage
and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are union members, Covered=workers covered by a collective
bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers who are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed
workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. Metropolitan areas shown in the 1995-2001 tables are based
on 1993 Census definitions used in the CPS; those shown in the 1986-1994 tables are based on 1984 Census definitions.
CMSAs at the top of the table and the MSAs and PMSAs in the remainder of the table are identified by Census FIPS codes included
in the CPS.  For five CMSAs during 1986-94, counts for the component PMSAs do not add to the CMSA total because the CPS
failed to assign some households to PMSAs.  This causes employment estimates in the component PMSAs to be understated. 
CMSA employment counts are correct for these five urban areas during 1986-93, but are understated in 1994.  The five CMSAs
are: Boston, Hartford, Philadelphia, Providence, and St. Louis.
© 2002 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.