Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Combined Statistical Area (CSA) and MSA, 2005  (details in table note)
Note: Sample size (Obs) for many cells are small and should be used with care.  
Area definitions beginning May 2004 do not match prior definitions.
Codes Metropolitan Area  Sector Obs Employment Members Covered %Mem %Cov
CSAs (combination of 2 or more Metropolitan Statistical Areas, shown below):
CSA Code
715 Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MS-NH-CT-ME Total 3,427 2,383,386 310,453 335,045 13 14.1
Private 3,001 2,098,872 149,243 161,432 7.1 7.7
Public 426 284,514 161,210 173,612 56.7 61.0
Priv Const 167 117,049 18,700 18,858 16 16.1
Priv Manuf 439 235,806 14,351 15,383 6.1 6.5
720 Bridgeport-New Haven-Stamford, CT Total 1,978 776,565 120,377 128,979 15.5 16.6
Private 1,696 666,005 49,149 53,334 7.4 8.0
Public 282 110,560 71,229 75,646 64.4 68.4
Priv Const 100 39,457 6,739 6,739 17.1 17.1
Priv Manuf 266 100,896 7,539 7,787 7.5 7.7
176 Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City, IL-IN-WI Total 4,223 4,034,363 693,812 718,101 17.2 17.8
Private 3,693 3,524,820 436,445 448,764 12.4 12.7
Public 530 509,543 257,367 269,336 50.5 52.9
Priv Const 245 240,594 94,724 97,175 39.4 40.4
Priv Manuf 583 547,647 100,817 104,079 18.4 19.0
184 Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH Total 1,329 1,231,232 190,824 199,249 15.5 16.2
Private 1,169 1,081,897 115,139 123,564 10.6 11.4
Public 160 149,334 75,685 75,685 50.7 50.7
Priv Const 52 47,203 14,252 14,252 30.2 30.2
Priv Manuf 214 200,862 38,148 39,134 19 19.5
212 Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH Total 428 397,875 60,129 67,984 15.1 17.1
Private 352 328,934 31,571 33,407 9.6 10.2
Public 76 68,941 28,558 34,578 41.4 50.2
Priv Const 17 16,558 1,845 1,845 11.1 11.1
Priv Manuf 84 79,045 13,842 13,842 17.5 17.5
216 Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO Total 2,295 1,244,536 105,978 119,578 8.5 9.6
Private 1,933 1,051,634 53,550 59,133 5.1 5.6
Public 362 192,902 52,428 60,446 27.2 31.3
Priv Const 163 90,047 5,197 6,431 5.8 7.1
Priv Manuf 202 109,397 4,160 4,160 3.8 3.8
220 Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI Total 2,558 2,404,779 536,611 557,327 22.3 23.2
Private 2,218 2,086,866 343,404 357,994 16.5 17.2
Public 340 317,913 193,207 199,333 60.8 62.7
Priv Const 107 104,214 30,657 31,492 29.4 30.2
Priv Manuf 547 520,949 171,505 173,245 32.9 33.3
260 Fresno-Madera, CA Total 342 403,189 61,643 74,121 15.3 18.4
Private 285 328,262 31,266 35,158 9.5 10.7
Public 57 74,927 30,377 38,962 40.5 52.0
Priv Const 27 35,628 5,707 5,707 16 16.0
Priv Manuf 16 17,407 2,064 2,064 11.9 11.9
268 Greensboro--Winston-Salem-High Point, NC Total 557 572,024 13,656 15,414 2.4 2.7
Private 487 498,619 6,560 7,275 1.3 1.5
Public 70 73,405 7,096 8,139 9.7 11.1
Priv Const 45 48,938 1,203 1,203 2.5 2.5
Priv Manuf 113 112,309 2,374 2,374 2.1 2.1
290 Huntsville-Decatur, AL Total 327 285,073 27,258 28,156 9.6 9.9
Private 263 230,592 11,366 11,366 4.9 4.9
Public 64 54,481 15,893 16,791 29.2 30.8
Priv Const 23 20,321 551 551 2.7 2.7
Priv Manuf 72 63,811 7,680 7,680 12 12.0
294 Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN Total 917 851,217 88,803 100,158 10.4 11.8
Private 802 746,689 57,536 63,847 7.7 8.6
Public 115 104,527 31,267 36,311 29.9 34.7
Priv Const 60 58,361 5,612 5,612 9.6 9.6
Priv Manuf 142 132,764 28,720 30,503 21.6 23.0
304 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, VA Total 127 123,246 8,873 8,873 7.2 7.2
Private 96 93,488 5,119 5,119 5.5 5.5
Public 31 29,758 3,755 3,755 12.6 12.6
Priv Const 8 7,630 0 0 0 0.0
Priv Manuf 23 21,804 2,489 2,489 11.4 11.4
348 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA Total 6,459 7,010,100 1,088,056 1,181,928 15.5 16.9
Private 5,588 6,075,461 559,114 618,943 9.2 10.2
Public 871 934,640 528,941 562,985 56.6 60.2
Priv Const 453 516,608 63,919 68,449 12.4 13.2
Priv Manuf 835 898,153 67,399 73,393 7.5 8.2
356 Macon-Warner-Robins-Fort Valley, GA Total 124 139,920 13,423 15,065 9.6 10.8
Private 98 112,263 9,581 9,581 8.5 8.5
Public 26 27,657 3,842 5,484 13.9 19.8
Priv Const 7 6,943 955 955 13.7 13.7
Priv Manuf 9 12,949 6,429 6,429 49.6 49.6
376 Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI Total 1,157 827,705 132,378 139,026 16 16.8
Private 1,039 743,119 89,086 93,409 12 12.6
Public 118 84,586 43,293 45,617 51.2 53.9
Priv Const 59 44,129 9,885 10,494 22.4 23.8
Priv Manuf 244 172,641 31,503 32,865 18.2 19.0
378 Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI Total 2,816 1,597,420 252,617 264,101 15.8 16.5
Private 2,455 1,393,131 141,676 145,525 10.2 10.4
Public 361 204,289 110,941 118,576 54.3 58.0
Priv Const 119 67,075 18,194 19,669 27.1 29.3
Priv Manuf 413 233,063 23,344 23,804 10 10.2
408 New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Total 8,146 8,434,183 2,068,527 2,187,275 24.5 25.9
Private 6,708 6,955,031 1,064,077 1,133,240 15.3 16.3
Public 1,438 1,479,152 1,004,450 1,054,035 67.9 71.3
Priv Const 394 415,617 97,788 104,566 23.5 25.2
Priv Manuf 671 672,762 95,429 100,263 14.2 14.9
428 Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD Total 4,232 2,567,436 406,238 429,845 15.8 16.7
Private 3,656 2,222,667 223,550 236,216 10.1 10.6
Public 576 344,769 182,688 193,630 53 56.2
Priv Const 242 131,183 31,126 32,212 23.7 24.6
Priv Manuf 485 300,492 49,577 52,417 16.5 17.4
450 Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Total 711 701,391 19,449 26,690 2.8 3.8
Private 567 566,943 11,074 15,255 2 2.7
Public 144 134,448 8,375 11,435 6.2 8.5
Priv Const 78 78,313 0 0 0 0.0
Priv Manuf 75 72,189 1,560 2,731 2.2 3.8
482 Salt Lake City-Ogden-Clearfield, UT Total 1,558 638,580 33,052 39,886 5.2 6.2
Private 1,299 536,027 15,153 18,635 2.8 3.5
Public 259 102,553 17,899 21,251 17.5 20.7
Priv Const 109 46,875 3,699 4,227 7.9 9.0
Priv Manuf 184 74,041 2,003 2,003 2.7 2.7
488 San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Total 2,995 3,453,206 571,791 595,712 16.6 17.3
Private 2,565 2,967,769 295,828 312,646 10 10.5
Public 430 485,437 275,963 283,066 56.8 58.3
Priv Const 169 194,696 47,875 48,987 24.6 25.2
Priv Manuf 376 439,048 26,476 26,476 6 6.0
500 Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA part Total 1,937 1,715,789 317,782 347,069 18.5 20.2
Private 1,551 1,383,545 155,141 165,762 11.2 12.0
Public 386 332,244 162,642 181,307 49 54.6
Priv Const 96 88,298 15,185 15,185 17.2 17.2
Priv Manuf 208 188,231 32,346 33,039 17.2 17.6
548 Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV Total 7,213 3,790,554 387,263 448,610 10.2 11.8
Private 5,448 2,875,972 169,262 191,225 5.9 6.6
Public 1,765 914,582 218,001 257,385 23.8 28.1
Priv Const 461 289,331 25,856 27,916 8.9 9.6
Priv Manuf 293 183,392 21,264 22,001 11.6 12.0
MSAs (sorted alphabetically):
FIPS Code
10420 Akron, OH Total 348 323,840 44,973 46,776 13.9 14.4
Private 298 276,200 23,700 25,503 8.6 9.2
Public 50 47,640 21,273 21,273 44.7 44.7
10500 Albany, GA Total 65 64,234 4,050 6,398 6.3 10.0
Private 48 48,003 3,197 5,545 6.7 11.6
Public 17 16,231 853 853 5.3 5.3
10580 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Total 433 423,866 133,690 138,032 31.5 32.6
Private 319 314,531 56,622 57,578 18 18.3
Public 114 109,335 77,068 80,454 70.5 73.6
10740 Albuquerque, NM Total 739 349,006 32,698 39,225 9.4 11.2
Private 577 274,702 12,643 14,941 4.6 5.4
Public 162 74,304 20,055 24,283 27 32.7
10900 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Total 516 480,361 62,496 66,590 13 13.9
Private 468 438,104 37,663 38,672 8.6 8.8
Public 48 42,257 24,832 27,917 58.8 66.1
11020 Altoona, PA Total 58 51,672 8,802 8,802 17 17.0
Private 46 41,066 3,781 3,781 9.2 9.2
Public 12 10,606 5,021 5,021 47.3 47.3
11300 Anderson, IN Total 76 74,957 14,418 14,418 19.2 19.2
Private 64 63,876 10,487 10,487 16.4 16.4
Public 12 11,081 3,931 3,931 35.5 35.5
11460 Ann Arbor, MI Total 214 202,551 44,288 45,323 21.9 22.4
Private 159 147,664 20,912 20,912 14.2 14.2
Public 55 54,887 23,375 24,410 42.6 44.5
11500 Anniston-Oxford, AL Total 89 83,185 11,373 16,771 13.7 20.2
Private 60 54,538 2,087 4,651 3.8 8.5
Public 29 28,648 9,287 12,120 32.4 42.3
11700 Asheville, NC Total 155 154,399 7,802 10,177 5.1 6.6
Private 129 128,758 2,961 2,961 2.3 2.3
Public 26 25,641 4,841 7,216 18.9 28.1
12020 Athens-Clark County, GA Total 64 63,611 0 0 0 0.0
Private 52 53,061 0 0 0 0.0
Public 12 10,550 0 0 0 0.0
12060 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA Total 1,891 2,161,220 96,513 113,850 4.5 5.3
Private 1,630 1,870,540 64,206 73,527 3.4 3.9
Public 261 290,680 32,307 40,324 11.1 13.9
12100 Atlantic City, NJ Total 147 136,546 31,118 31,118 22.8 22.8
Private 128 119,927 20,653 20,653 17.2 17.2
Public 19 16,618 10,465 10,465 63 63.0
12260 Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Total 215 205,225 2,799 2,799 1.4 1.4
Private 189 179,607 1,010 1,010 0.6 0.6
Public 26 25,618 1,789 1,789 7 7.0
12420 Austin-Round Rock, TX Total 633 714,440 29,876 32,076 4.2 4.5
Private 501 563,830 6,962 7,867 1.2 1.4
Public 132 150,609 22,914 24,209 15.2 16.1
12540 Bakersfield, CA Total 272 306,130 74,872 78,913 24.5 25.8
Private 209 236,080 45,925 45,925 19.5 19.5
Public 63 70,050 28,946 32,988 41.3 47.1
12580 Baltimore-Towson, MD Total 1,853 1,164,715 172,591 195,882 14.8 16.8
Private 1,456 908,236 76,655 85,119 8.4 9.4
Public 397 256,479 95,936 110,764 37.4 43.2
70750 Bangor, ME Total 237 40,577 4,406 5,673 10.9 14.0
Private 199 34,394 2,170 2,314 6.3 6.7
Public 38 6,183 2,236 3,359 36.2 54.3
70900 Barnstable Town, MA Total 63 62,484 11,738 11,738 18.8 18.8
Private 55 54,769 6,960 6,960 12.7 12.7
Public 8 7,715 4,778 4,778 61.9 61.9
12940 Baton Rouge, LA Total 290 325,527 20,984 25,902 6.4 8.0
Private 229 260,197 14,065 17,012 5.4 6.5
Public 61 65,330 6,918 8,890 10.6 13.6
13140 Beaumont-Port Author, TX Total 126 134,763 12,192 13,062 9 9.7
Private 103 109,167 7,171 8,042 6.6 7.4
Public 23 25,596 5,021 5,021 19.6 19.6
13380 Bellingham, WA Total 133 91,613 17,759 17,759 19.4 19.4
Private 110 76,813 11,162 11,162 14.5 14.5
Public 23 14,801 6,597 6,597 44.6 44.6
13460 Bend, OR Total 108 72,398 5,615 5,615 7.8 7.8
Private 97 65,296 3,715 3,715 5.7 5.7
Public 11 7,102 1,900 1,900 26.8 26.8
13740 Billings, MT Total 190 42,491 5,509 6,094 13 14.3
Private 157 35,784 2,113 2,314 5.9 6.5
Public 33 6,707 3,396 3,780 50.6 56.4
13780 Binghamton, NY Total 90 88,281 17,494 17,494 19.8 19.8
Private 72 71,003 6,413 6,413 9 9.0
Public 18 17,278 11,081 11,081 64.1 64.1
13820 Birmingham-Hoover, AL Total 592 560,969 47,603 52,399 8.5 9.3
Private 501 478,106 28,086 29,887 5.9 6.3
Public 91 82,863 19,517 22,512 23.6 27.2
14020 Bloomington, IN Total 118 116,508 15,301 15,301 13.1 13.1
Private 78 77,903 6,571 6,571 8.4 8.4
Public 40 38,606 8,730 8,730 22.6 22.6
14060 Bloomington-Normal IL Total 118 115,569 11,780 11,780 10.2 10.2
Private 100 98,533 5,895 5,895 6 6.0
Public 18 17,036 5,885 5,885 34.5 34.5
14260 Boise City-Nampa, ID Total 804 234,757 10,237 11,029 4.4 4.7
Private 675 198,734 4,599 4,842 2.3 2.4
Public 129 36,023 5,638 6,186 15.7 17.2
71650 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Total 3,125 2,092,449 264,563 284,388 12.6 13.6
Private 2,754 1,860,106 129,649 139,084 7 7.5
Public 371 232,343 134,914 145,304 58.1 62.5
14500 Boulder, CO Total 282 153,129 8,431 8,431 5.5 5.5
Private 223 121,384 2,599 2,599 2.1 2.1
Public 59 31,746 5,832 5,832 18.4 18.4
14540 Bowling Green, KY Total 34 24,993 2,372 3,046 9.5 12.2
Private 30 21,696 2,372 3,046 10.9 14.0
Public 4 3,297 0 0 0 0.0
14740 Bremerton-Silverdale, WA Total 105 95,105 19,112 27,664 20.1 29.1
Private 75 66,791 7,738 9,390 11.6 14.1
Public 30 28,313 11,374 18,275 40.2 64.5
71950 Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Total 901 353,410 53,396 58,808 15.1 16.6
Private 772 302,470 19,693 22,764 6.5 7.5
Public 129 50,940 33,703 36,044 66.2 70.8
15180 Brownsville-Harlingen, TX Total 94 102,925 3,390 4,340 3.3 4.2
Private 74 81,293 1,185 1,185 1.5 1.5
Public 20 21,632 2,205 3,154 10.2 14.6
15380 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY Total 498 490,159 132,242 138,193 27 28.2
Private 402 397,953 68,262 70,006 17.2 17.6
Public 96 92,207 63,980 68,186 69.4 73.9
72400 Burlington-South Burlington, VT Total 863 92,072 9,789 11,162 10.6 12.1
Private 727 77,911 4,862 4,862 6.2 6.2
Public 136 14,161 4,928 6,300 34.8 44.5
15940 Canton-Massillon, OH Total 196 179,642 34,406 34,406 19.2 19.2
Private 168 155,433 23,047 23,047 14.8 14.8
Public 28 24,209 11,358 11,358 46.9 46.9
15980 Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL Total 221 227,605 11,139 25,476 4.9 11.2
Private 190 196,022 2,779 4,842 1.4 2.5
Public 31 31,583 8,360 20,634 26.5 65.3
16300 Cedar Rapids, IA Total 205 80,968 9,460 10,624 11.7 13.1
Private 187 73,815 6,658 7,443 9 10.1
Public 18 7,152 2,802 3,181 39.2 44.5
16580 Champaign-Urbana, IL Total 117 115,046 16,353 17,181 14.2 14.9
Private 82 82,169 5,979 5,979 7.3 7.3
Public 35 32,876 10,373 11,201 31.6 34.1
16620 Charleston, WV Total 369 132,224 25,405 28,043 19.2 21.2
Private 283 102,305 14,997 16,748 14.7 16.4
Public 86 29,919 10,408 11,296 34.8 37.8
16700 Charleston-North Charleston, SC Total 332 263,560 4,371 7,054 1.7 2.7
Private 267 211,484 1,325 3,372 0.6 1.6
Public 65 52,076 3,046 3,681 5.8 7.1
16740 Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC Total 750 769,434 15,925 24,437 2.1 3.2
Private 674 695,225 9,436 14,111 1.4 2.0
Public 76 74,209 6,489 10,326 8.7 13.9
16860 Chattanooga, TN-GA Total 226 233,498 14,301 17,780 6.1 7.6
Private 190 197,156 6,214 8,284 3.2 4.2
Public 36 36,342 8,087 9,497 22.3 26.1
16980 Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI Total 4,030 3,837,962 664,896 688,093 17.3 17.9
Private 3,524 3,354,041 412,838 425,157 12.3 12.7
Public 506 483,921 252,058 262,935 52.1 54.3
17020 Chico, CA Total 97 91,762 13,518 14,583 14.7 15.9
Private 74 69,124 4,886 4,886 7.1 7.1
Public 23 22,638 8,632 9,697 38.1 42.8
17140 Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN Total 1,052 946,873 117,611 133,856 12.4 14.1
Private 923 830,464 73,064 81,158 8.8 9.8
Public 129 116,409 44,548 52,698 38.3 45.3
17460 Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH Total 981 907,392 145,851 152,473 16.1 16.8
Private 871 805,698 91,439 98,062 11.3 12.2
Public 110 101,694 54,411 54,411 53.5 53.5
17660 Coeur d'Alene, ID Total 125 37,839 1,296 1,296 3.4 3.4
Private 111 33,520 343 343 1 1.0
Public 14 4,319 953 953 22.1 22.1
17820 Colorado Springs, CO Total 429 235,467 11,977 14,267 5.1 6.1
Private 366 200,674 6,869 7,940 3.4 4.0
Public 63 34,793 5,108 6,327 14.7 18.2
17860 Columbia, MO Total 68 58,013 1,530 3,776 2.6 6.5
Private 33 28,596 1,530 2,377 5.4 8.3
Public 35 29,418 0 1,399 0 4.8
17900 Columbia, SC Total 355 278,170 6,163 10,925 2.2 3.9
Private 247 195,628 0 1,025 0 0.5
Public 108 82,542 6,163 9,900 7.5 12.0
17980 Columbus, GA-AL Total 107 110,775 4,580 4,580 4.1 4.1
Private 92 95,612 4,580 4,580 4.8 4.8
Public 15 15,163 0 0 0 0.0
18140 Columbus, OH Total 795 775,217 108,642 119,627 14 15.4
Private 655 637,502 44,661 48,886 7 7.7
Public 140 137,714 63,981 70,741 46.5 51.4
18580 Corpus Christi, TX Total 161 174,739 5,081 6,102 2.9 3.5
Private 129 139,705 0 0 0 0.0
Public 32 35,034 5,081 6,102 14.5 17.4
19100 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Total 2,409 2,766,846 164,102 183,545 5.9 6.6
Private 2,125 2,444,172 91,716 100,548 3.8 4.1
Public 284 322,673 72,387 82,997 22.4 25.7
72850 Danbury, CT Total 165 65,138 5,375 5,375 8.3 8.3
Private 147 58,054 1,502 1,502 2.6 2.6
Public 18 7,084 3,873 3,873 54.7 54.7
19340 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Total 277 155,274 21,695 23,346 14 15.0
Private 224 127,723 10,055 10,508 7.9 8.2
Public 53 27,551 11,640 12,838 42.3 46.6
19380 Dayton, OH Total 390 359,270 53,152 61,008 14.8 17.0
Private 326 302,443 29,648 31,484 9.8 10.4
Public 64 56,827 23,505 29,524 41.4 52.0
19460 Decatur, Al Total 133 109,272 15,906 15,906 14.6 14.6
Private 114 96,673 8,182 8,182 8.5 8.5
Public 19 12,599 7,724 7,724 61.3 61.3
19500 Decatur, IL Total 93 86,188 22,206 22,990 25.8 26.7
Private 78 72,616 14,012 14,796 19.3 20.4
Public 15 13,572 8,194 8,194 60.4 60.4
19660 Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL Total 187 187,682 14,153 14,153 7.5 7.5
Private 154 154,049 3,016 3,016 2 2.0
Public 33 33,633 11,137 11,137 33.1 33.1
19740 Denver-Aurora, CO Total 2,013 1,091,407 97,546 111,147 8.9 10.2
Private 1,710 930,250 50,951 56,533 5.5 6.1
Public 303 161,157 46,596 54,614 28.9 33.9
19780 Des Moines, IA Total 663 265,073 30,423 34,394 11.5 13.0
Private 582 233,188 17,621 18,784 7.6 8.1
Public 81 31,885 12,802 15,610 40.1 49.0
19820 Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI Total 2,085 1,966,144 435,539 453,461 22.2 23.1
Private 1,822 1,722,201 278,884 291,715 16.2 16.9
Public 263 243,943 156,655 161,746 64.2 66.3
20100 Dover, DE Total 487 66,753 8,020 8,670 12 13.0
Private 376 51,876 3,236 3,511 6.2 6.8
Public 111 14,877 4,784 5,159 32.2 34.7
20260 Duluth, MN-WI Total 147 83,760 25,597 26,277 30.6 31.4
Private 115 65,543 16,970 17,650 25.9 26.9
Public 32 18,218 8,627 8,627 47.4 47.4
20500 Durham, NC Total 144 154,324 5,790 5,790 3.8 3.8
Private 120 129,301 4,363 4,363 3.4 3.4
Public 24 25,023 1,427 1,427 5.7 5.7
20740 Eau Claire, WI Total 185 120,625 14,955 14,955 12.4 12.4
Private 165 107,348 8,709 8,709 8.1 8.1
Public 20 13,276 6,246 6,246 47 47.0
20940 El Centro, CA Total 65 69,069 11,931 14,983 17.3 21.7
Private 45 48,007 4,511 5,466 9.4 11.4
Public 20 21,062 7,421 9,516 35.2 45.2
21340 El Paso, TX Total 249 273,466 18,406 23,398 6.7 8.6
Private 188 205,872 1,974 2,876 1 1.4
Public 61 67,594 16,432 20,522 24.3 30.4
21500 Erie, PA Total 116 102,766 12,439 13,328 12.1 13.0
Private 104 93,017 5,773 5,773 6.2 6.2
Public 12 9,749 6,666 7,554 68.4 77.5
21660 Eugene-Springfield, OR Total 211 135,264 23,900 28,699 17.7 21.2
Private 167 108,244 11,210 13,242 10.4 12.2
Public 44 27,020 12,690 15,457 47 57.2
21780 Evansville, IN-KY Total 122 112,595 11,460 11,460 10.2 10.2
Private 113 104,352 8,738 8,738 8.4 8.4
Public 9 8,243 2,722 2,722 33 33.0
22020 Fargo, ND-MN Total 614 76,762 6,594 7,299 8.6 9.5
Private 525 65,774 2,437 2,815 3.7 4.3
Public 89 10,988 4,158 4,483 37.8 40.8
22140 Farmington, NM Total 61 30,493 549 549 1.8 1.8
Private 51 25,633 549 549 2.1 2.1
Public 10 4,859 0 0 0 0.0
22180 Fayetteville, NC Total 120 125,490 8,523 10,895 6.8 8.7
Private 87 92,844 3,147 4,281 3.4 4.6
Public 33 32,646 5,376 6,614 16.5 20.3
22220 Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO Total 328 198,729 3,004 4,657 1.5 2.3
Private 295 181,006 1,114 2,324 0.6 1.3
Public 33 17,723 1,891 2,333 10.7 13.2
22420 Flint, MI Total 181 162,269 35,823 37,583 22.1 23.2
Private 162 146,104 25,564 27,323 17.5 18.7
Public 19 16,165 10,259 10,259 63.5 63.5
22460 Florence, AL Total 85 79,382 14,918 14,918 18.8 18.8
Private 69 65,828 7,574 7,574 11.5 11.5
Public 16 13,554 7,344 7,344 54.2 54.2
22660 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO Total 252 137,409 9,463 10,501 6.9 7.6
Private 219 119,511 4,523 5,038 3.8 4.2
Public 33 17,899 4,940 5,463 27.6 30.5
22900 Fort Smith, AR-OK Total 153 87,501 5,343 5,343 6.1 6.1
Private 136 77,645 3,673 3,673 4.7 4.7
Public 17 9,856 1,669 1,669 16.9 16.9
23020 Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL Total 96 101,960 7,397 7,397 7.3 7.3
Private 79 83,967 2,445 2,445 2.9 2.9
Public 17 17,993 4,952 4,952 27.5 27.5
23060 Fort Wayne, IN Total 189 182,009 15,700 18,328 8.6 10.1
Private 171 165,564 9,605 11,333 5.8 6.8
Public 18 16,445 6,096 6,996 37.1 42.5
23420 Fresno, CA Total 270 326,785 50,193 59,835 15.4 18.3
Private 220 259,143 24,002 25,059 9.3 9.7
Public 50 67,642 26,191 34,777 38.7 51.4
23540 Gainesville, FL Total 108 113,114 5,920 6,970 5.2 6.2
Private 70 73,265 0 0 0 0.0
Public 38 39,849 5,920 6,970 14.9 17.5
24540 Greeley, CO Total 191 100,566 4,383 5,924 4.4 5.9
Private 148 77,579 986 1,469 1.3 1.9
Public 43 22,986 3,397 4,455 14.8 19.4
24580 Green Bay, WI Total 257 158,362 19,483 20,816 12.3 13.1
Private 233 142,714 9,109 10,442 6.4 7.3
Public 24 15,648 10,373 10,373 66.3 66.3
24660 Greensboro-High Point, NC Total 448 455,744 9,894 10,936 2.2 2.4
Private 394 399,469 6,560 6,560 1.6 1.6
Public 54 56,274 3,334 4,376 5.9 7.8
25060 Gulfport-Biloxi, MS Total 76 52,079 8,223 9,378 15.8 18.0
Private 55 38,027 4,914 5,519 12.9 14.5
Public 21 14,052 3,309 3,859 23.5 27.5
25180 Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV Total 128 61,784 4,984 5,919 8.1 9.6
Private 115 55,761 3,866 4,801 6.9 8.6
Public 13 6,023 1,118 1,118 18.6 18.6
25420 Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Total 300 260,850 38,015 44,805 14.6 17.2
Private 239 208,984 18,202 21,635 8.7 10.4
Public 61 51,866 19,813 23,170 38.2 44.7
25500 Harrisonburg, VA Total 114 91,135 4,875 5,610 5.3 6.2
Private 93 74,323 4,106 4,841 5.5 6.5
Public 21 16,812 769 769 4.6 4.6
73450 Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT Total 1,354 534,803 85,634 91,733 16 17.2
Private 1,133 449,260 31,491 35,217 7 7.8
Public 221 85,543 54,144 56,516 63.3 66.1
25860 Hickory-Morgantown-Lenoir, NC Total 118 120,500 2,459 2,459 2 2.0
Private 110 112,270 0 0 0 0.0
Public 8 8,230 2,459 2,459 29.9 29.9
26180 Honolulu, HI Total 1,968 401,300 97,924 101,925 24.4 25.4
Private 1,509 309,200 46,832 49,206 15.1 15.9
Public 459 92,101 51,092 52,719 55.5 57.2
26420 Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX Total 1,800 2,144,816 127,842 140,738 6 6.6
Private 1,565 1,865,558 74,663 84,533 4 4.5
Public 235 279,259 53,179 56,204 19 20.1
26580 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Total 125 43,854 7,040 7,380 16.1 16.8
Private 88 30,991 2,806 2,806 9.1 9.1
Public 37 12,863 4,234 4,574 32.9 35.6
26620 Huntsville, AL Total 194 175,801 11,352 12,250 6.5 7.0
Private 149 133,919 3,184 3,184 2.4 2.4
Public 45 41,882 8,169 9,067 19.5 21.6
26900 Indianapolis, IN Total 841 776,260 74,385 85,740 9.6 11.0
Private 738 682,814 47,050 53,360 6.9 7.8
Public 103 93,446 27,336 32,380 29.3 34.7
26980 Iowa City, IA Total 180 70,947 9,020 12,070 12.7 17.0
Private 124 48,981 2,135 2,135 4.4 4.4
Public 56 21,966 6,886 9,935 31.3 45.2
27100 Jackson, MI Total 144 127,203 26,771 26,771 21 21.0
Private 124 110,260 13,359 13,359 12.1 12.1
Public 20 16,943 13,412 13,412 79.2 79.2
27140 Jackson, MS Total 313 218,509 6,823 9,487 3.1 4.3
Private 249 175,488 3,749 4,554 2.1 2.6
Public 64 43,021 3,074 4,933 7.1 11.5
27260 Jacksonville, FL Total 552 581,836 29,482 36,566 5.1 6.3
Private 485 510,893 13,306 17,291 2.6 3.4
Public 67 70,943 16,177 19,276 22.8 27.2
27340 Jacksonville, NC Total 52 56,777 4,971 6,220 8.8 11.0
Private 35 38,009 1,537 1,537 4 4.0
Public 17 18,768 3,435 4,683 18.3 25.0
27500 Janesville, WI Total 112 81,139 8,010 8,010 9.9 9.9
Private 102 73,973 6,035 6,035 8.2 8.2
Public 10 7,166 1,974 1,974 27.6 27.6
27740 Johnson City, TN Total 80 80,410 8,072 8,072 10 10.0
Private 57 57,851 4,317 4,317 7.5 7.5
Public 23 22,559 3,755 3,755 16.6 16.6
27780 Johnstown, PA Total 93 78,594 13,810 14,766 17.6 18.8
Private 77 64,645 6,386 6,386 9.9 9.9
Public 16 13,949 7,423 8,380 53.2 60.1
27900 Joplin, MO Total 128 102,046 6,279 6,279 6.2 6.2
Private 110 88,979 5,226 5,226 5.9 5.9
Public 18 13,067 1,053 1,053 8.1 8.1
28100 Kankakee-Bradley, IL Total 116 120,132 16,411 17,502 13.7 14.6
Private 99 101,389 14,121 14,121 13.9 13.9
Public 17 18,743 2,290 3,381 12.2 18.0
28140 Kansas City, MO-KS Total 1,439 888,888 76,241 85,188 8.6 9.6
Private 1,270 790,412 57,494 62,578 7.3 7.9
Public 169 98,476 18,746 22,610 19 23.0
28660 Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX Total 127 133,180 7,000 9,091 5.3 6.8
Private 102 108,156 1,122 2,209 1 2.0
Public 25 25,024 5,878 6,882 23.5 27.5
28700 Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Total 47 42,836 802 802 1.9 1.9
Private 39 35,637 802 802 2.2 2.2
Public 8 7,199 0 0 0 0.0
28740 Kingston, NY Total 84 87,464 16,503 18,628 18.9 21.3
Private 65 67,041 2,340 3,357 3.5 5.0
Public 19 20,422 14,163 15,271 69.4 74.8
28940 Knoxville, TN Total 244 249,201 9,040 13,607 3.6 5.5
Private 218 222,471 3,559 6,944 1.6 3.1
Public 26 26,730 5,481 6,663 20.5 24.9
29100 La Crosse, WI Total 145 107,523 13,033 13,033 12.1 12.1
Private 124 92,397 3,904 3,904 4.2 4.2
Public 21 15,125 9,129 9,129 60.4 60.4
29180 Lafayette, LA Total 197 233,796 3,419 4,686 1.5 2.0
Private 179 213,460 3,419 4,686 1.6 2.2
Public 18 20,335 0 0 0 0.0
29340 Lake Charles, LA Total 89 100,796 11,260 12,341 11.2 12.2
Private 70 80,238 6,423 6,423 8 8.0
Public 19 20,558 4,836 5,918 23.5 28.8
29460 Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL Total 192 197,602 12,115 13,168 6.1 6.7
Private 165 171,727 6,452 6,452 3.8 3.8
Public 27 25,875 5,663 6,716 21.9 26.0
29540 Lancaster, PA Total 221 195,243 10,298 14,571 5.3 7.5
Private 201 176,855 4,515 6,056 2.6 3.4
Public 20 18,388 5,783 8,515 31.4 46.3
29620 Lansing-East Lansing, MI Total 207 182,201 47,880 49,489 26.3 27.2
Private 144 128,707 19,628 20,360 15.3 15.8
Public 63 53,495 28,252 29,129 52.8 54.5
29700 Laredo, TX Total 94 92,930 3,833 5,836 4.1 6.3
Private 70 68,938 0 0 0 0.0
Public 24 23,992 3,833 5,836 16 24.3
29740 Las Cruses, NM Total 187 91,082 3,698 3,698 4.1 4.1
Private 154 74,737 1,904 1,904 2.5 2.5
Public 33 16,345 1,794 1,794 11 11.0
29820 Las Vegas-Paradise, NM Total 1,941 745,498 111,978 119,896 15 16.1
Private 1,757 676,524 92,467 97,753 13.7 14.4
Public 184 68,974 19,510 22,143 28.3 32.1
29940 Lawrence, KS Total 99 48,370 5,998 7,456 12.4 15.4
Private 75 36,839 4,263 4,263 11.6 11.6
Public 24 11,531 1,735 3,194 15 27.7
30020 Lawton, OK Total 77 57,308 2,585 2,585 4.5 4.5
Private 60 44,315 1,154 1,154 2.6 2.6
Public 17 12,994 1,431 1,431 11 11.0
74500 Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA Total 91 84,555 12,393 15,373 14.7 18.2
Private 65 60,312 3,233 5,222 5.4 8.7
Public 26 24,244 9,159 10,151 37.8 41.9
30460 Lexington-Fayette, KY Total 293 215,545 16,043 17,317 7.4 8.0
Private 229 168,951 8,965 9,614 5.3 5.7
Public 64 46,594 7,079 7,703 15.2 16.5
30780 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR Total 500 302,236 17,062 18,638 5.6 6.2
Private 383 234,473 6,851 7,401 2.9 3.2
Public 117 67,763 10,211 11,237 15.1 16.6
30980 Longview, TX Total 81 90,505 6,063 6,063 6.7 6.7
Private 65 72,591 1,096 1,096 1.5 1.5
Public 16 17,914 4,967 4,967 27.7 27.7
31100 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA Total 4,974 5,302,412 790,288 858,509 14.9 16.2
Private 4,319 4,611,110 408,394 450,703 8.9 9.8
Public 655 691,302 381,894 407,806 55.2 59.0
31140 Louisville, KY-IN Total 616 466,188 64,539 71,017 13.8 15.2
Private 529 401,792 43,028 45,871 10.7 11.4
Public 87 64,397 21,511 25,146 33.4 39.0
31180 Lubbock, TX Total 81 89,526 2,284 2,284 2.6 2.6
Private 69 77,028 0 0 0 0.0
Public 12 12,498 2,284 2,284 18.3 18.3
31340 Lynchburg, VA Total 87 79,270 1,758 2,626 2.2 3.3
Private 76 70,217 0 0 0 0.0
Public 11 9,053 1,758 2,626 19.4 29.0
31420 Macon,, GA Total 81 94,122 7,479 9,121 7.9 9.7
Private 70 81,373 7,479 7,479 9.2 9.2
Public 11 12,749 0 1,642 0 12.9
31460 Madera, CA Total 72 76,404 11,450 14,285 15 18.7
Private 65 69,119 7,264 10,100 10.5 14.6
Public 7 7,285 4,186 4,186 57.5 57.5
31540 Madison, WI Total 402 293,822 44,560 46,828 15.2 15.9
Private 318 232,448 17,328 17,328 7.5 7.5
Public 84 61,374 27,232 29,500 44.4 48.1
32580 McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX Total 195 209,858 1,082 20,756 0.5 9.9
Private 152 163,797 0 2,219 0 1.4
Public 43 46,062 1,082 18,537 2.4 40.2
32780 Medford, OR Total 119 69,740 5,113 6,181 7.3 8.9
Private 98 59,872 1,888 2,957 3.2 4.9
Public 21 9,869 3,225 3,225 32.7 32.7
32820 Memphis, TN-MS-AR Total 467 487,805 24,583 27,341 5 5.6
Private 398 416,420 13,411 14,953 3.2 3.6
Public 69 71,384 11,172 12,389 15.7 17.4
32900 Merced, CA Total 90 90,072 27,778 30,633 30.8 34.0
Private 66 66,859 11,218 12,239 16.8 18.3
Public 24 23,213 16,560 18,394 71.3 79.2
33100 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL Total 2,133 2,227,036 121,584 137,614 5.5 6.2
Private 1,824 1,905,469 43,845 49,993 2.3 2.6
Public 309 321,568 77,738 87,621 24.2 27.2
33140 Michigan City-La Porte, IN Total 77 76,270 12,506 12,506 16.4 16.4
Private 70 69,390 9,486 9,486 13.7 13.7
Public 7 6,880 3,019 3,019 43.9 43.9
33260 Midland, TX Total 96 98,225 4,192 4,192 4.3 4.3
Private 80 80,241 0 0 0 0.0
Public 16 17,984 4,192 4,192 23.3 23.3
33340 Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI Total 982 719,583 110,292 114,626 15.3 15.9
Private 878 643,702 71,837 74,307 11.2 11.5
Public 104 75,881 38,455 40,319 50.7 53.1
33460 Minneapolis-St Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Total 2,718 1,545,083 246,582 257,062 16 16.6
Private 2,368 1,346,870 137,992 141,841 10.2 10.5
Public 350 198,213 108,590 115,221 54.8 58.1
33660 Mobile, AL Total 176 171,122 17,949 19,890 10.5 11.6
Private 145 141,553 8,718 9,679 6.2 6.8
Public 31 29,570 9,231 10,211 31.2 34.5
33700 Modesto, CA Total 206 233,013 37,048 45,307 15.9 19.4
Private 175 198,572 23,840 29,006 12 14.6
Public 31 34,441 13,209 16,301 38.4 47.3
33740 Monroe, LA Total 158 180,858 10,119 11,732 5.6 6.5
Private 133 153,945 6,635 8,248 4.3 5.4
Public 25 26,913 3,484 3,484 12.9 12.9
33780 Monroe, MI Total 78 73,815 20,961 20,961 28.4 28.4
Private 75 70,897 18,044 18,044 25.5 25.5
Public 3 2,917 2,917 2,917 100 100.0
33860 Montgomery, AL Total 147 140,001 13,181 13,181 9.4 9.4
Private 114 107,618 3,130 3,130 2.9 2.9
Public 33 32,382 10,051 10,051 31 31.0
34820 Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC Total 110 82,763 632 632 0.8 0.8
Private 94 71,228 0 0 0 0.0
Public 16 11,535 632 632 5.5 5.5
34900 Napa, CA Total 69 72,253 8,939 9,908 12.4 13.7
Private 59 62,344 1,988 1,988 3.2 3.2
Public 10 9,908 6,951 7,920 70.2 79.9
34940 Naples-Marco Island, FL Total 127 123,519 745 745 0.6 0.6
Private 110 106,999 0 0 0 0.0
Public 17 16,520 745 745 4.5 4.5
34980 Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN Total 648 673,041 42,486 52,168 6.3 7.8
Private 562 581,571 26,601 30,582 4.6 5.3
Public 86 91,471 15,885 21,586 17.4 23.6
75700 New Haven, CT Total 672 263,166 43,636 46,085 16.6 17.5
Private 571 223,510 19,288 20,002 8.6 8.9
Public 101 39,656 24,347 26,083 61.4 65.8
35380 New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA Total 427 453,137 32,039 34,929 7.1 7.7
Private 347 374,067 19,000 19,793 5.1 5.3
Public 80 79,070 13,039 15,135 16.5 19.1
35620 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Total 7,616 7,893,350 1,937,230 2,045,889 24.5 25.9
Private 6,279 6,516,706 1,005,501 1,070,758 15.4 16.4
Public 1,337 1,376,644 931,729 975,131 67.7 70.8
35660 Niles-Benton Harbor, MI Total 60 53,486 9,686 9,686 18.1 18.1
Private 57 50,713 8,645 8,645 17 17.0
Public 3 2,773 1,042 1,042 37.6 37.6
76450 Norwich-New London, CT-RI Total 270 107,679 15,360 15,695 14.3 14.6
Private 236 93,074 9,143 9,143 9.8 9.8
Public 34 14,605 6,216 6,551 42.6 44.9
36100 Ocala, FL Total 98 99,026 7,861 7,861 7.9 7.9
Private 86 86,552 3,932 3,932 4.5 4.5
Public 12 12,474 3,929 3,929 31.5 31.5
36140 Ocean City, NJ Total 20 20,018 2,059 2,059 10.3 10.3
Private 16 15,871 1,024 1,024 6.5 6.5
Public 4 4,148 1,035 1,035 25 25.0
36260 Ogden-Clearfield, UT Total 318 134,779 6,877 9,376 5.1 7.0
Private 244 104,868 4,207 5,518 4 5.3
Public 74 29,911 2,669 3,858 8.9 12.9
36420 Oklahoma City, OK Total 744 536,996 42,842 51,524 8 9.6
Private 578 417,158 17,224 20,329 4.1 4.9
Public 166 119,838 25,618 31,195 21.4 26.0
36500 Olympia, WA Total 160 115,632 28,407 33,671 24.6 29.1
Private 94 69,404 12,817 13,294 18.5 19.2
Public 66 46,228 15,591 20,377 33.7 44.1
36540 Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Total 1,327 380,821 31,228 34,893 8.2 9.2
Private 1,137 327,151 15,635 16,749 4.8 5.1
Public 190 53,670 15,592 18,144 29.1 33.8
36740 Orlando, FL Total 893 925,616 47,550 80,817 5.1 8.7
Private 811 841,948 27,132 50,465 3.2 6.0
Public 82 83,668 20,418 30,351 24.4 36.3
37100 Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Total 313 356,883 55,702 64,993 15.6 18.2
Private 269 308,037 26,117 34,463 8.5 11.2
Public 44 48,846 29,585 30,530 60.6 62.5
37340 Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL Total 282 285,885 19,638 32,010 6.9 11.2
Private 231 233,432 8,415 12,836 3.6 5.5
Public 51 52,453 11,223 19,174 21.4 36.6
37460 Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL Total 72 72,684 9,229 9,229 12.7 12.7
Private 58 58,819 2,231 2,231 3.8 3.8
Public 14 13,865 6,997 6,997 50.5 50.5
37860 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL Total 147 147,155 7,855 10,824 5.3 7.4
Private 124 124,229 3,798 4,855 3.1 3.9
Public 23 22,926 4,057 5,968 17.7 26.0
37900 Peoria, IL Total 194 173,301 21,969 21,969 12.7 12.7
Private 179 160,301 19,957 19,957 12.4 12.4
Public 15 13,000 2,012 2,012 15.5 15.5
37980 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE Total 4,158 2,492,941 382,364 405,056 15.3 16.2
Private 3,600 2,165,786 210,891 222,641 9.7 10.3
Public 558 327,155 171,473 182,415 52.4 55.8
38060 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Total 1,597 1,690,562 103,624 122,315 6.1 7.2
Private 1,382 1,463,108 56,564 64,343 3.9 4.4
Public 215 227,454 47,061 57,972 20.7 25.5
38300 Pittsburgh, PA Total 1,193 1,042,414 155,539 166,865 14.9 16.0
Private 1,054 922,683 88,769 94,160 9.6 10.2
Public 139 119,731 66,771 72,705 55.8 60.7
38940 Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL Total 137 141,965 3,078 4,307 2.2 3.0
Private 118 122,395 0 0 0 0.0
Public 19 19,570 3,078 4,307 15.7 22.0
76750 Portland-South Portland, ME Total 952 165,184 16,611 19,005 10.1 11.5
Private 830 144,411 6,341 6,856 4.4 4.7
Public 122 20,773 10,270 12,149 49.4 58.5
38900 Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA Total 1,374 930,385 136,170 144,022 14.6 15.5
Private 1,176 799,114 69,749 73,467 8.7 9.2
Public 198 131,271 66,421 70,555 50.6 53.7
39100 Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY Total 300 306,978 79,634 82,598 25.9 26.9
Private 251 257,622 42,894 44,930 16.7 17.4
Public 49 49,356 36,740 37,668 74.4 76.3
39140 Prescott, AZ Total 47 49,013 1,010 1,010 2.1 2.1
Private 39 40,824 1,010 1,010 2.5 2.5
Public 8 8,189 0 0 0 0.0
77200 Providence-Fall River-Warwick, MA-RI Total 3,253 593,136 94,487 99,625 15.9 16.8
Private 2,792 512,355 40,016 42,480 7.8 8.3
Public 461 80,780 54,471 57,145 67.4 70.7
39340 Provo-Orem, UT Total 371 150,680 6,828 10,944 4.5 7.3
Private 314 127,067 1,589 3,209 1.3 2.5
Public 57 23,613 5,239 7,735 22.2 32.8
39380 Pueblo, CO Total 155 87,740 13,947 14,895 15.9 17.0
Private 119 67,389 7,743 8,301 11.5 12.3
Public 36 20,351 6,204 6,594 30.5 32.4
39460 Punta Gorda, FL Total 57 54,175 3,302 5,123 6.1 9.5
Private 49 45,601 0 0 0 0.0
Public 8 8,573 3,302 5,123 38.5 59.8
39540 Racine, WI Total 175 108,123 22,087 24,401 20.4 22.6
Private 161 99,418 17,249 19,102 17.4 19.2
Public 14 8,705 4,838 5,298 55.6 60.9
39580 Raleigh-Cary, NC Total 567 547,067 13,659 20,900 2.5 3.8
Private 447 437,643 6,710 10,891 1.5 2.5
Public 120 109,425 6,949 10,008 6.4 9.1
39740 Reading, PA Total 221 197,430 32,366 34,014 16.4 17.2
Private 188 166,503 14,595 14,595 8.8 8.8
Public 33 30,927 17,770 19,419 57.5 62.8
39900 Reno-Sparks, NV Total 507 194,044 17,737 19,528 9.1 10.1
Private 428 164,202 11,137 11,404 6.8 6.9
Public 79 29,841 6,600 8,124 22.1 27.2
40060 Richmond, VA Total 627 571,794 22,872 32,213 4 5.6
Private 518 475,071 17,467 23,357 3.7 4.9
Public 109 96,723 5,405 8,856 5.6 9.2
40140 Riverside-San Bernardino, CA Total 1,172 1,350,805 242,066 258,425 17.9 19.1
Private 1,000 1,156,313 124,604 133,777 10.8 11.6
Public 172 194,492 117,463 124,649 60.4 64.1
40220 Roanoke, VA Total 125 100,733 2,227 2,227 2.2 2.2
Private 112 90,688 2,227 2,227 2.5 2.5
Public 13 10,046 0 0 0 0.0
40380 Rochester, NY Total 472 464,367 81,241 83,956 17.5 18.1
Private 389 386,781 28,473 29,174 7.4 7.5
Public 83 77,586 52,768 54,783 68 70.6
77350 Rochester-Dover, NH-ME Total 281 42,800 5,718 7,189 13.4 16.8
Private 234 35,703 1,888 2,601 5.3 7.3
Public 47 7,097 3,830 4,589 54 64.7
40420 Rockford, IL Total 187 170,215 23,689 27,531 13.9 16.2
Private 159 144,135 12,383 12,383 8.6 8.6
Public 28 26,080 11,306 15,148 43.4 58.1
40900 Sacramento--Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA Total 760 852,195 175,645 179,052 20.6 21.0
Private 605 680,918 71,091 73,194 10.4 10.7
Public 155 171,277 104,555 105,858 61 61.8
40980 Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI Total 93 80,330 16,900 16,900 21 21.0
Private 82 70,594 10,019 10,019 14.2 14.2
Public 11 9,736 6,882 6,882 70.7 70.7
41420 Salem, OR Total 235 147,550 25,865 28,153 17.5 19.1
Private 181 115,112 7,475 8,598 6.5 7.5
Public 54 32,438 18,390 19,555 56.7 60.3
41500 Salinas, CA Total 126 143,498 33,925 33,925 23.6 23.6
Private 96 111,133 13,795 13,795 12.4 12.4
Public 30 32,365 20,130 20,130 62.2 62.2
41540 Salisbury, MD Total 106 61,812 8,491 9,199 13.7 14.9
Private 79 45,968 3,066 3,774 6.7 8.2
Public 27 15,843 5,425 5,425 34.2 34.2
41620 Salt Lake City, UT Total 1,240 503,801 26,176 30,510 5.2 6.1
Private 1,055 431,159 10,946 13,117 2.5 3.0
Public 185 72,643 15,230 17,392 21 23.9
41700 San Antonio, TX Total 663 752,157 37,511 39,451 5 5.2
Private 557 633,553 19,169 19,169 3 3.0
Public 106 118,604 18,342 20,283 15.5 17.1
41740 San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA Total 1,018 1,192,570 173,568 195,852 14.6 16.4
Private 826 967,786 72,669 81,655 7.5 8.4
Public 192 224,784 100,899 114,197 44.9 50.8
41860 San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA Total 1,694 1,965,675 337,157 349,207 17.2 17.8
Private 1,454 1,692,486 192,565 198,481 11.4 11.7
Public 240 273,189 144,592 150,726 52.9 55.2
41940 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Total 784 902,646 129,094 139,996 14.3 15.5
Private 685 792,216 57,499 68,401 7.3 8.6
Public 99 110,430 71,595 71,595 64.8 64.8
42020 San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA Total 93 95,195 9,704 9,704 10.2 10.2
Private 75 76,921 990 990 1.3 1.3
Public 18 18,274 8,715 8,715 47.7 47.7
42060 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA Total 130 151,545 11,906 12,787 7.9 8.4
Private 116 135,835 9,775 10,656 7.2 7.8
Public 14 15,710 2,131 2,131 13.6 13.6
42140 Santa Fe, NM Total 86 42,128 5,343 6,784 12.7 16.1
Private 62 30,796 764 1,393 2.5 4.5
Public 24 11,332 4,579 5,391 40.4 47.6
42220 Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA Total 176 194,979 35,548 35,548 18.2 18.2
Private 147 163,115 16,701 16,701 10.2 10.2
Public 29 31,864 18,847 18,847 59.1 59.1
42100 Santa-Cruz-Watsonville, CA Total 108 111,088 13,861 13,861 12.5 12.5
Private 93 94,981 6,184 6,184 6.5 6.5
Public 15 16,107 7,677 7,677 47.7 47.7
42260 Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL Total 286 292,872 22,887 25,723 7.8 8.8
Private 250 256,738 9,477 11,291 3.7 4.4
Public 36 36,134 13,410 14,432 37.1 39.9
42340 Savannah, GA Total 234 244,733 8,356 9,197 3.4 3.8
Private 194 202,632 4,050 4,890 2 2.4
Public 40 42,101 4,306 4,306 10.2 10.2
42540 Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA Total 281 249,803 45,212 48,926 18.1 19.6
Private 240 212,608 18,919 21,673 8.9 10.2
Public 41 37,195 26,293 27,253 70.7 73.3
42660 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Total 1,672 1,505,053 270,263 285,734 18 19.0
Private 1,382 1,247,350 134,586 143,078 10.8 11.5
Public 290 257,702 135,677 142,655 52.6 55.4
43340 Shreveport-Bossier City, LA Total 158 167,017 18,885 22,342 11.3 13.4
Private 123 130,654 8,986 10,292 6.9 7.9
Public 35 36,364 9,899 12,050 27.2 33.1
43620 Sioux Falls, SD Total 855 115,459 7,282 9,632 6.3 8.3
Private 757 102,502 3,276 4,200 3.2 4.1
Public 98 12,958 4,006 5,432 30.9 41.9
43780 South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI Total 153 143,681 13,215 14,208 9.2 9.9
Private 136 128,090 7,910 7,910 6.2 6.2
Public 17 15,592 5,305 6,298 34 40.4
44060 Spokane, WA Total 237 205,674 30,978 33,510 15.1 16.3
Private 205 177,045 17,420 19,041 9.8 10.8
Public 32 28,629 13,557 14,469 47.4 50.5
44100 Springfield, IL Total 97 88,814 23,784 24,726 26.8 27.8
Private 73 67,141 13,639 13,639 20.3 20.3
Public 24 21,673 10,145 11,088 46.8 51.2
78100 Springfield, MA-CT Total 289 280,255 48,724 52,253 17.4 18.6
Private 230 225,614 14,003 14,940 6.2 6.6
Public 59 54,641 34,721 37,313 63.5 68.3
44180 Springfield, MO Total 198 160,551 11,320 12,018 7.1 7.5
Private 172 140,529 7,966 8,664 5.7 6.2
Public 26 20,021 3,354 3,354 16.8 16.8
44220 Springfield, OH Total 38 38,605 6,977 6,977 18.1 18.1
Private 26 26,491 1,923 1,923 7.3 7.3
Public 12 12,114 5,054 5,054 41.7 41.7
41060 St. Cloud, MN Total 98 52,337 6,035 7,039 11.5 13.4
Private 87 46,261 3,684 3,684 8 8.0
Public 11 6,076 2,351 3,355 38.7 55.2
41180 St. Louis, MO-IL Total 1,498 1,286,731 202,929 215,343 15.8 16.7
Private 1,304 1,121,886 140,396 148,043 12.5 13.2
Public 194 164,845 62,533 67,300 37.9 40.8
44700 Stockton, CA Total 192 220,217 66,222 71,076 30.1 32.3
Private 157 177,516 42,773 45,783 24.1 25.8
Public 35 42,701 23,450 25,294 54.9 59.2
45060 Syracuse, NY Total 252 247,464 54,794 56,759 22.1 22.9
Private 205 202,083 24,912 25,925 12.3 12.8
Public 47 45,381 29,882 30,834 65.8 67.9
45220 Tallahassee, FL Total 102 102,410 7,446 12,496 7.3 12.2
Private 62 62,419 3,125 4,219 5 6.8
Public 40 39,991 4,321 8,277 10.8 20.7
45300 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Total 1,067 1,097,290 46,224 71,817 4.2 6.5
Private 913 941,634 18,339 23,913 1.9 2.5
Public 154 155,656 27,886 47,904 17.9 30.8
45780 Toledo, OH Total 312 283,837 63,077 65,772 22.2 23.2
Private 265 240,271 43,461 44,472 18.1 18.5
Public 47 43,566 19,616 21,300 45 48.9
45820 Topeka, KS Total 242 109,875 11,861 12,425 10.8 11.3
Private 188 86,114 8,932 8,932 10.4 10.4
Public 54 23,761 2,929 3,493 12.3 14.7
45940 Trenton-Ewing, NJ Total 146 146,392 35,160 40,160 24 27.4
Private 113 113,662 13,342 14,195 11.7 12.5
Public 33 32,730 21,818 25,965 66.7 79.3
46060 Tucson, AZ Total 336 340,992 16,642 24,579 4.9 7.2
Private 276 280,421 8,177 13,936 2.9 5.0
Public 60 60,571 8,465 10,643 14 17.6
46140 Tulsa, OK Total 554 396,742 14,006 15,968 3.5 4.0
Private 491 356,025 8,064 9,546 2.3 2.7
Public 63 40,717 5,942 6,422 14.6 15.8
46220 Tuscaloosa, AL Total 101 88,033 7,154 8,930 8.1 10.1
Private 84 74,864 522 522 0.7 0.7
Public 17 13,169 6,632 8,408 50.4 63.8
46540 Utica-Rome, NY Total 128 123,414 24,074 26,262 19.5 21.3
Private 92 88,674 7,656 7,656 8.6 8.6
Public 36 34,740 16,418 18,606 47.3 53.6
46660 Valdosta, GA Total 60 59,273 5,444 6,262 9.2 10.6
Private 54 53,625 4,621 4,621 8.6 8.6
Public 6 5,649 823 1,641 14.6 29.1
46700 Vallejo-Fairfield, CA Total 164 206,565 47,192 47,192 22.8 22.8
Private 127 162,627 20,890 20,890 12.8 12.8
Public 37 43,939 26,302 26,302 59.9 59.9
46940 Vero Beach, FL Total 88 91,607 1,856 4,962 2 5.4
Private 73 75,414 0 890 0 1.2
Public 15 16,193 1,856 4,072 11.5 25.1
47020 Victoria, TX Total 128 135,308 4,883 7,925 3.6 5.9
Private 107 113,740 2,682 2,682 2.4 2.4
Public 21 21,568 2,201 5,243 10.2 24.3
47220 Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ Total 74 74,495 23,874 24,789 32 33.3
Private 56 56,881 12,659 13,574 22.3 23.9
Public 18 17,615 11,215 11,215 63.7 63.7
47260 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Total 717 653,689 36,343 43,198 5.6 6.6
Private 568 515,100 16,833 20,111 3.3 3.9
Public 149 138,589 19,510 23,086 14.1 16.7
47300 Visalia-Porterville, CA Total 120 134,144 17,907 20,190 13.3 15.1
Private 100 112,379 5,588 5,588 5 5.0
Public 20 21,766 12,319 14,602 56.6 67.1
47380 Waco, TX Total 125 126,010 7,043 7,043 5.6 5.6
Private 110 111,156 4,971 4,971 4.5 4.5
Public 15 14,855 2,072 2,072 13.9 13.9
47580 Warner Robins, GA Total 43 45,798 5,944 5,944 13 13.0
Private 28 30,889 2,102 2,102 6.8 6.8
Public 15 14,908 3,842 3,842 25.8 25.8
47900 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Total 5,360 2,625,839 214,672 252,728 8.2 9.6
Private 3,992 1,967,736 92,607 106,106 4.7 5.4
Public 1,368 658,103 122,065 146,622 18.5 22.3
78700 Waterbury, CT Total 240 94,851 17,971 18,711 18.9 19.7
Private 206 81,971 8,665 9,065 10.6 11.1
Public 34 12,880 9,306 9,646 72.2 74.9
47940 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA Total 218 86,149 10,848 14,348 12.6 16.7
Private 184 72,749 6,524 8,358 9 11.5
Public 34 13,400 4,324 5,990 32.3 44.7
48620 Wichita, KS Total 588 252,586 23,610 36,514 9.3 14.5
Private 485 208,234 16,527 22,173 7.9 10.6
Public 103 44,352 7,083 14,341 16 32.3
49180 Winston-Salem, NC Total 109 116,281 3,763 4,478 3.2 3.9
Private 93 99,150 0 715 0 0.7
Public 16 17,131 3,763 3,763 22 22.0
79600 Worcester, MA-CT Total 211 206,382 33,497 35,284 16.2 17.1
Private 182 178,454 16,361 17,127 9.2 9.6
Public 29 27,927 17,136 18,157 61.4 65.0
49420 Yakima, WA Total 121 107,980 17,263 18,876 16 17.5
Private 97 87,180 9,422 11,036 10.8 12.7
Public 24 20,800 7,840 7,840 37.7 37.7
49620 York-Hanover, PA Total 219 189,951 23,414 24,156 12.3 12.7
Private 183 159,176 12,101 12,101 7.6 7.6
Public 36 30,775 11,312 12,055 36.8 39.2
49660 Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH Total 241 222,020 51,649 53,506 23.3 24.1
Private 206 189,632 34,531 35,449 18.2 18.7
Public 35 32,388 17,118 18,056 52.9 55.7
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 2005. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage
and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are union members, Covered=workers covered by a collective
bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers who are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed 
workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. Metropolitan areas in the CPS beginning May 2004 are based
on 2003 Census definitions; areas are not necessarily compatible with those from earlier years.
Members=employed workers who are union members, Covered=workers covered by a collective
© 2006 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.