Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Combined Statistical Area (CSA) and MSA, 2007  (details in table note)
Note: Sample size (Obs) for many cells are small and should be used with care.  
Area definitions beginning May 2004 do not match prior definitions.
Codes Metropolitan Area  Sector Obs Employment Members Covered %Mem %Cov
CSAs (combination of 2 or more MSAs; separate MSAs are shown further down):
CSA Code
118 Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Total 277 204,810 33,904 36,020 16.6 17.6
Private 245 181,419 17,455 18,118 9.6 10.0
Public 32 23,391 16,448 17,902 70.3 76.5
Priv Const 13 9,596 3,084 3,084 32.1 32.1
Priv Manuf 79 59,275 10,874 10,874 18.3 18.3
715 Boston-Worcester-Manchester, MS-NH-CT-ME Total 3,373 2,443,653 306,653 325,790 12.5 13.3
Private 2,969 2,168,410 158,722 168,317 7.3 7.8
Public 404 275,242 147,931 157,473 53.7 57.2
Priv Const 160 113,678 18,106 19,011 15.9 16.7
Priv Manuf 415 239,288 16,814 16,814 7.0 7.0
720 Bridgeport-New Haven-Stamford, CT Total 2,072 839,122 124,466 131,854 14.8 15.7
Private 1,805 730,758 54,308 59,273 7.4 8.1
Public 267 108,364 70,158 72,580 64.7 67.0
Priv Const 89 37,198 5,572 5,572 15.0 15.0
Priv Manuf 281 111,553 10,044 10,044 9.0 9.0
176 Chicago-Naperville-Michigan City, IL-IN-WI Total 4,131 4,321,265 615,393 639,994 14.2 14.8
Private 3,604 3,781,678 361,525 378,172 9.6 10.0
Public 527 539,587 253,868 261,823 47.0 48.5
Priv Const 217 233,482 81,416 83,269 34.9 35.7
Priv Manuf 553 574,908 66,178 66,178 11.5 11.5
184 Cleveland-Akron-Elyria, OH Total 1,228 1,272,491 187,487 198,636 14.7 15.6
Private 1,050 1,089,023 96,376 102,724 8.8 9.4
Public 178 183,468 91,112 95,912 49.7 52.3
Priv Const 70 73,672 22,702 22,702 30.8 30.8
Priv Manuf 230 241,090 20,442 20,442 8.5 8.5
212 Dayton-Springfield-Greenville, OH Total 394 406,524 58,354 64,650 14.4 15.9
Private 335 346,229 34,006 36,173 9.8 10.4
Public 59 60,294 24,349 28,477 40.4 47.2
Priv Const 21 21,615 6,556 6,556 30.3 30.3
Priv Manuf 63 62,729 10,164 10,164 16.2 16.2
216 Denver-Aurora-Boulder, CO Total 2,308 1,300,814 99,015 107,814 7.6 8.3
Private 1,960 1,109,187 50,461 54,402 4.5 4.9
Public 348 191,626 48,554 53,412 25.3 27.9
Priv Const 173 98,947 10,930 10,930 11.0 11.0
Priv Manuf 184 102,705 2,395 3,592 2.3 3.5
220 Detroit-Warren-Flint, MI Total 2,085 2,208,362 463,475 492,338 21.0 22.3
Private 1,818 1,928,351 312,134 330,825 16.2 17.2
Public 267 280,010 151,341 161,513 54.0 57.7
Priv Const 83 91,415 26,578 27,943 29.1 30.6
Priv Manuf 418 441,646 130,107 135,144 29.5 30.6
260 Fresno-Madera, CA Total 403 437,770 63,613 63,613 14.5 14.5
Private 330 360,717 27,143 27,143 7.5 7.5
Public 73 77,053 36,470 36,470 47.3 47.3
Priv Const 35 39,212 2,170 2,170 5.5 5.5
Priv Manuf 38 42,677 6,802 6,802 15.9 15.9
266 Grand Rapids-Muskegon-Holland, MI Total 654 667,094 106,539 109,303 16.0 16.4
Private 572 584,441 55,170 57,091 9.4 9.8
Public 82 82,653 51,369 52,213 62.2 63.2
Priv Const 34 36,964 3,466 3,466 9.4 9.4
Priv Manuf 152 153,525 24,906 24,906 16.2 16.2
268 Greensboro--Winston-Salem-High Point, NC Total 495 545,235 24,506 30,404 4.5 5.6
Private 426 469,938 12,593 16,260 2.7 3.5
Public 69 75,296 11,912 14,145 15.8 18.8
Priv Const 39 42,773 921 2,258 2.2 5.3
Priv Manuf 78 84,974 4,482 4,482 5.3 5.3
272 Greenville-Anderson-Seneca, SC Total 340 281,988 6,369 13,253 2.3 4.7
Private 289 240,123 2,488 4,920 1.0 2.0
Public 51 41,865 3,881 8,332 9.3 19.9
Priv Const 30 25,700 0 0 0.0 0.0
Priv Manuf 63 51,910 0 973 0.0 1.9
290 Huntsville-Decatur, AL Total 278 300,997 27,189 28,250 9.0 9.4
Private 228 247,859 6,799 6,799 2.7 2.7
Public 50 53,138 20,390 21,450 38.4 40.4
Priv Const 28 32,102 0 0 0.0 0.0
Priv Manuf 49 53,978 3,447 3,447 6.4 6.4
294 Indianapolis-Anderson-Columbus, IN Total 812 810,721 72,868 79,383 9.0 9.8
Private 701 702,153 46,804 49,621 6.7 7.1
Public 111 108,568 26,064 29,761 24.0 27.4
Priv Const 40 40,346 6,011 6,011 14.9 14.9
Priv Manuf 121 120,659 13,660 13,660 11.3 11.3
304 Johnson City-Kingsport-Bristol, VA Total 140 148,076 3,950 3,950 2.7 2.7
Private 122 128,812 3,950 3,950 3.1 3.1
Public 18 19,264 0 0 0.0 0.0
Priv Const 6 6,334 0 0 0.0 0.0
Priv Manuf 21 21,555 2,798 2,798 13.0 13.0
348 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Riverside, CA Total 6,802 7,305,491 1,160,333 1,253,289 15.9 17.2
Private 5,772 6,219,578 548,310 606,258 8.8 9.7
Public 1,030 1,085,913 612,023 647,031 56.4 59.6
Priv Const 466 516,433 71,980 75,143 13.9 14.6
Priv Manuf 838 895,438 79,101 86,734 8.8 9.7
356 Macon-Warner-Robins-Fort Valley, GA Total 110 117,721 10,130 10,130 8.6 8.6
Private 85 91,649 2,410 2,410 2.6 2.6
Public 25 26,072 7,720 7,720 29.6 29.6
Priv Const 5 5,585 0 0 0.0 0.0
Priv Manuf 13 14,479 0 0 0.0 0.0
376 Milwaukee-Racine-Waukesha, WI Total 1,134 832,316 109,210 117,858 13.1 14.2
Private 1,004 739,141 54,876 60,590 7.4 8.2
Public 130 93,175 54,334 57,269 58.3 61.5
Priv Const 53 40,315 14,010 14,780 34.8 36.7
Priv Manuf 219 158,675 14,516 15,135 9.1 9.5
378 Minneapolis-St. Paul-St. Cloud, MN-WI Total 2,879 1,568,570 241,944 254,058 15.4 16.2
Private 2,499 1,364,549 127,729 133,239 9.4 9.8
Public 380 204,021 114,216 120,818 56.0 59.2
Priv Const 124 70,261 26,290 26,290 37.4 37.4
Priv Manuf 408 219,240 20,478 20,976 9.3 9.6
408 New York-Newark-Bridgeport, NY-NJ-CT-PA Total 7,689 8,636,672 2,018,911 2,140,911 23.4 24.8
Private 6,454 7,273,192 1,067,065 1,154,328 14.7 15.9
Public 1,235 1,363,480 951,847 986,584 69.8 72.4
Priv Const 451 516,460 141,460 142,484 27.4 27.6
Priv Manuf 584 634,735 57,309 65,330 9.0 10.3
428 Philadelphia-Camden-Vineland, PA-NJ-DE-MD Total 4,031 2,540,654 431,142 469,854 17.0 18.5
Private 3,454 2,177,149 237,875 262,661 10.9 12.1
Public 577 363,506 193,266 207,193 53.2 57.0
Priv Const 240 129,748 18,343 18,491 14.1 14.3
Priv Manuf 404 239,026 50,136 51,565 21.0 21.6
450 Raleigh-Durham-Cary, NC Total 687 768,437 12,936 17,180 1.7 2.2
Private 569 634,545 7,978 9,352 1.3 1.5
Public 118 133,892 4,958 7,828 3.7 5.8
Priv Const 41 47,540 0 0 0.0 0.0
Priv Manuf 61 67,873 0 1,374 0.0 2.0
482 Salt Lake City-Ogden-Clearfield, UT Total 1,477 735,396 39,441 47,616 5.4 6.5
Private 1,198 603,285 16,218 20,014 2.7 3.3
Public 279 132,111 23,223 27,602 17.6 20.9
Priv Const 125 67,106 2,984 2,984 4.4 4.4
Priv Manuf 164 81,759 3,596 3,596 4.4 4.4
488 San Jose-San Francisco-Oakland, CA Total 2,975 3,297,104 576,410 601,535 17.5 18.2
Private 2,539 2,824,314 324,653 342,196 11.5 12.1
Public 436 472,789 251,758 259,340 53.2 54.9
Priv Const 207 236,372 51,243 52,288 21.7 22.1
Priv Manuf 332 374,209 18,541 18,541 5.0 5.0
500 Seattle-Tacoma-Olympia, WA part Total 1,982 1,787,826 360,657 376,792 20.2 21.1
Private 1,636 1,480,719 193,842 200,468 13.1 13.5
Public 346 307,107 166,815 176,324 54.3 57.4
Priv Const 143 131,726 30,409 30,409 23.1 23.1
Priv Manuf 261 236,290 63,373 67,361 26.8 28.5
548 Washington-Baltimore-Northern Virginia, DC-MD-VA-WV Total 7,829 3,895,804 373,627 435,768 9.6 11.2
Private 5,805 2,928,496 153,380 179,557 5.2 6.1
Public 2,024 967,307 220,247 256,211 22.8 26.5
Priv Const 465 282,202 24,040 24,624 8.5 8.7
Priv Manuf 245 140,998 13,237 13,991 9.4 9.9
MSAs (sorted alphabetically):
FIPS Code
10420 Akron, OH Total 303 310,407 41,843 46,248 13.5 14.9
Private 258 264,029 21,677 24,971 8.2 9.5
Public 45 46,379 20,166 21,277 43.5 45.9
10500 Albany, GA Total 84 90,908 3,264 5,432 3.6 6.0
Private 75 81,978 2,295 4,464 2.8 5.4
Public 9 8,930 968 968 10.8 10.8
10580 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY Total 393 404,180 115,412 119,045 28.6 29.5
Private 292 302,080 48,503 50,478 16.1 16.7
Public 101 102,100 66,910 68,567 65.5 67.2
10740 Albuquerque, NM Total 795 406,195 38,882 50,270 9.6 12.4
Private 603 312,573 15,950 17,388 5.1 5.6
Public 192 93,622 22,933 32,882 24.5 35.1
10900 Allentown-Bethlehem-Easton, PA-NJ Total 486 487,845 72,250 77,678 14.8 15.9
Private 427 428,568 33,883 38,143 7.9 8.9
Public 59 59,277 38,367 39,535 64.7 66.7
11020 Altoona, PA Total 88 84,763 17,176 20,009 20.3 23.6
Private 78 75,005 10,373 12,125 13.8 16.2
Public 10 9,759 6,803 7,884 69.7 80.8
11100 Amarillo, TX Total 108 116,748 8,061 8,061 6.9 6.9
Private 92 99,423 7,127 7,127 7.2 7.2
Public 16 17,326 935 935 5.4 5.4
11300 Anderson, IN Total 79 77,064 13,117 13,117 17.0 17.0
Private 72 70,481 10,078 10,078 14.3 14.3
Public 7 6,584 3,039 3,039 46.2 46.2
11340 Anderson, SC Total 84 67,835 2,334 4,269 3.4 6.3
Private 68 54,291 433 1,408 0.8 2.6
Public 16 13,544 1,901 2,861 14.0 21.1
11460 Ann Arbor, MI Total 112 120,249 23,729 27,532 19.7 22.9
Private 87 93,977 12,099 14,936 12.9 15.9
Public 25 26,272 11,630 12,596 44.3 47.9
11500 Anniston-Oxford, AL Total 93 99,050 8,202 13,399 8.3 13.5
Private 70 74,624 5,011 7,062 6.7 9.5
Public 23 24,426 3,191 6,337 13.1 25.9
11540 Appleton,WI Total 172 128,343 21,694 22,357 16.9 17.4
Private 155 116,102 12,351 13,013 10.6 11.2
Public 17 12,241 9,344 9,344 76.3 76.3
11700 Asheville, NC Total 190 209,606 3,042 3,974 1.5 1.9
Private 157 174,514 0 932 0.0 0.5
Public 33 35,092 3,042 3,042 8.7 8.7
12020 Athens-Clark County, GA Total 65 65,635 6,374 7,246 9.7 11.0
Private 43 43,144 2,297 3,169 5.3 7.3
Public 22 22,491 4,077 4,077 18.1 18.1
12060 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA Total 2,239 2,498,526 101,230 128,936 4.1 5.2
Private 1,921 2,146,291 56,887 72,726 2.7 3.4
Public 318 352,234 44,343 56,210 12.6 16.0
12100 Atlantic City, NJ Total 133 132,443 32,650 32,650 24.7 24.7
Private 104 103,375 13,921 13,921 13.5 13.5
Public 29 29,068 18,729 18,729 64.4 64.4
12260 Augusta-Richmond County, GA-SC Total 226 212,191 10,823 18,018 5.1 8.5
Private 167 153,964 6,810 11,921 4.4 7.7
Public 59 58,227 4,013 6,097 6.9 10.5
12420 Austin-Round Rock, TX Total 699 793,419 24,124 28,139 3.0 3.5
Private 558 638,521 8,321 10,621 1.3 1.7
Public 141 154,898 15,803 17,518 10.2 11.3
12540 Bakersfield, CA Total 278 296,243 76,299 78,393 25.8 26.5
Private 208 224,673 33,026 35,120 14.7 15.6
Public 70 71,570 43,273 43,273 60.5 60.5
12580 Baltimore-Towson, MD Total 2,037 1,213,917 160,161 188,091 13.2 15.5
Private 1,556 930,515 69,533 82,558 7.5 8.9
Public 481 283,402 90,628 105,532 32.0 37.2
70750 Bangor, ME Total 306 54,916 7,989 9,525 14.5 17.3
Private 246 44,431 2,223 2,741 5.0 6.2
Public 60 10,485 5,766 6,784 55.0 64.7
70900 Barnstable Town, MA Total 70 71,034 9,486 9,486 13.4 13.4
Private 57 57,107 916 916 1.6 1.6
Public 13 13,927 8,571 8,571 61.5 61.5
12940 Baton Rouge, LA Total 265 293,590 17,144 18,988 5.8 6.5
Private 203 228,396 8,883 9,865 3.9 4.3
Public 62 65,194 8,261 9,123 12.7 14.0
13140 Beaumont-Port Author, TX Total 116 125,404 13,895 14,952 11.1 11.9
Private 86 94,048 6,847 7,905 7.3 8.4
Public 30 31,356 7,048 7,048 22.5 22.5
13380 Bellingham, WA Total 114 99,778 21,287 22,130 21.3 22.2
Private 90 79,210 12,824 12,824 16.2 16.2
Public 24 20,568 8,464 9,307 41.1 45.2
13460 Bend, OR Total 131 88,964 10,828 11,582 12.2 13.0
Private 111 75,394 3,314 3,314 4.4 4.4
Public 20 13,570 7,515 8,268 55.4 60.9
13740 Billings, MT Total 267 61,969 9,444 11,558 15.2 18.7
Private 233 54,088 5,128 6,984 9.5 12.9
Public 34 7,881 4,316 4,574 54.8 58.0
13780 Binghamton, NY Total 111 116,320 16,028 16,028 13.8 13.8
Private 91 95,960 5,964 5,964 6.2 6.2
Public 20 20,360 10,064 10,064 49.4 49.4
13820 Birmingham-Hoover, AL Total 529 569,204 58,921 59,995 10.4 10.5
Private 436 470,449 32,693 32,693 6.9 6.9
Public 93 98,756 26,228 27,301 26.6 27.6
14020 Bloomington, IN Total 129 135,306 10,001 14,212 7.4 10.5
Private 95 100,274 3,955 3,955 3.9 3.9
Public 34 35,032 6,047 10,257 17.3 29.3
14060 Bloomington-Normal IL Total 122 130,358 7,769 7,769 6.0 6.0
Private 98 106,156 3,829 3,829 3.6 3.6
Public 24 24,202 3,940 3,940 16.3 16.3
14260 Boise City-Nampa, ID Total 744 239,433 11,184 12,850 4.7 5.4
Private 634 204,342 6,215 6,534 3.0 3.2
Public 110 35,091 4,969 6,316 14.2 18.0
71650 Boston-Cambridge-Quincy, MA-NH Total 3,067 2,112,161 255,565 270,469 12.1 12.8
Private 2,713 1,888,822 128,524 137,177 6.8 7.3
Public 354 223,339 127,041 133,292 56.9 59.7
14500 Boulder, CO Total 292 165,636 5,753 6,295 3.5 3.8
Private 247 140,767 4,154 4,154 3.0 3.0
Public 45 24,869 1,599 2,141 6.4 8.6
14540 Bowling Green, KY Total 57 39,479 2,685 3,457 6.8 8.8
Private 50 34,464 2,685 2,685 7.8 7.8
Public 7 5,016 0 771 0.0 15.4
14740 Bremerton-Silverdale, WA Total 100 86,850 19,383 22,764 22.3 26.2
Private 62 54,222 5,862 5,862 10.8 10.8
Public 38 32,628 13,520 16,902 41.4 51.8
71950 Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT Total 1,006 405,555 52,450 57,778 12.9 14.2
Private 893 360,776 26,116 29,426 7.2 8.2
Public 113 44,779 26,334 28,352 58.8 63.3
15180 Brownsville-Harlingen, TX Total 103 109,884 8,328 9,250 7.6 8.4
Private 77 81,540 1,861 1,861 2.3 2.3
Public 26 28,343 6,466 7,389 22.8 26.1
15380 Buffalo-Niagara Falls, NY Total 468 493,496 132,539 133,606 26.9 27.1
Private 383 404,819 69,171 70,237 17.1 17.4
Public 85 88,677 63,369 63,369 71.5 71.5
72400 Burlington-South Burlington, VT Total 846 93,646 8,479 9,272 9.1 9.9
Private 733 81,243 4,357 4,577 5.4 5.6
Public 113 12,403 4,122 4,695 33.2 37.9
15940 Canton-Massillon, OH Total 199 195,706 31,768 33,739 16.2 17.2
Private 174 171,704 21,281 21,281 12.4 12.4
Public 25 24,002 10,487 12,458 43.7 51.9
15980 Cape Coral-Fort Myers, FL Total 232 256,771 20,852 25,315 8.1 9.9
Private 205 227,829 4,432 6,841 1.9 3.0
Public 27 28,942 16,420 18,473 56.7 63.8
16300 Cedar Rapids, IA Total 265 103,534 9,432 11,358 9.1 11.0
Private 242 94,556 6,327 6,715 6.7 7.1
Public 23 8,978 3,105 4,643 34.6 51.7
16580 Champaign-Urbana, IL Total 141 146,728 24,578 26,489 16.8 18.1
Private 97 102,747 6,199 6,199 6.0 6.0
Public 44 43,982 18,379 20,290 41.8 46.1
16620 Charleston, WV Total 394 146,379 21,948 25,917 15.0 17.7
Private 305 114,208 14,690 16,137 12.9 14.1
Public 89 32,170 7,258 9,780 22.6 30.4
16700 Charleston-North Charleston, SC Total 354 290,105 25,268 30,381 8.7 10.5
Private 279 228,759 16,293 20,585 7.1 9.0
Public 75 61,346 8,975 9,797 14.6 16.0
16740 Charlotte-Gastonia-Concord, NC-SC Total 752 810,627 28,749 32,260 3.5 4.0
Private 676 729,487 19,592 23,103 2.7 3.2
Public 76 81,139 9,157 9,157 11.3 11.3
16860 Chattanooga, TN-GA Total 210 227,584 8,639 12,516 3.8 5.5
Private 179 192,092 4,862 4,862 2.5 2.5
Public 31 35,492 3,778 7,655 10.6 21.6
16980 Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IN-IN-WI Total 3,898 4,082,333 575,949 600,551 14.1 14.7
Private 3,399 3,570,083 333,881 350,528 9.4 9.8
Public 499 512,249 242,068 250,023 47.3 48.8
17020 Chico, CA Total 67 68,334 22,019 24,147 32.2 35.3
Private 48 47,850 13,086 13,086 27.3 27.3
Public 19 20,483 8,934 11,062 43.6 54.0
17140 Cincinnati-Middletown, OH-KY-IN Total 990 931,939 92,355 101,620 9.9 10.9
Private 862 812,377 48,106 50,994 5.9 6.3
Public 128 119,561 44,249 50,626 37.0 42.3
17460 Cleveland-Elyria-Mentor, OH Total 925 962,083 145,644 152,388 15.1 15.8
Private 792 824,994 74,698 77,752 9.1 9.4
Public 133 137,089 70,946 74,635 51.8 54.4
17660 Coeur d'Alene, ID Total 162 53,514 1,029 1,029 1.9 1.9
Private 141 46,800 293 293 0.6 0.6
Public 21 6,714 736 736 11.0 11.0
17820 Colorado Springs, CO Total 480 268,717 22,162 23,231 8.2 8.6
Private 386 216,464 11,726 12,307 5.4 5.7
Public 94 52,253 10,437 10,923 20.0 20.9
17860 Columbia, MO Total 103 92,523 5,624 6,551 6.1 7.1
Private 64 59,031 2,424 2,424 4.1 4.1
Public 39 33,492 3,200 4,128 9.6 12.3
17900 Columbia, SC Total 325 281,064 19,528 22,771 6.9 8.1
Private 242 211,217 5,196 5,196 2.5 2.5
Public 83 69,846 14,331 17,575 20.5 25.2
17980 Columbus, GA-AL Total 97 113,201 5,088 5,088 4.5 4.5
Private 77 87,594 1,439 1,439 1.6 1.6
Public 20 25,607 3,649 3,649 14.2 14.2
18140 Columbus, OH Total 786 852,719 105,233 120,053 12.3 14.1
Private 628 689,436 40,159 45,112 5.8 6.5
Public 158 163,283 65,074 74,941 39.9 45.9
18580 Corpus Christi, TX Total 168 184,329 5,966 7,019 3.2 3.8
Private 136 149,550 1,133 2,186 0.8 1.5
Public 32 34,779 4,832 4,832 13.9 13.9
19100 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX Total 2,536 2,917,794 126,728 150,927 4.3 5.2
Private 2,262 2,611,867 63,344 81,083 2.4 3.1
Public 274 305,927 63,384 69,844 20.7 22.8
72850 Danbury, CT Total 176 71,811 9,284 9,284 12.9 12.9
Private 150 61,224 2,025 2,025 3.3 3.3
Public 26 10,587 7,258 7,258 68.6 68.6
19340 Davenport-Moline-Rock Island, IA-IL Total 258 166,674 21,034 23,147 12.6 13.9
Private 230 146,908 13,178 14,878 9.0 10.1
Public 28 19,766 7,856 8,269 39.7 41.8
19380 Dayton, OH Total 328 338,530 42,743 46,872 12.6 13.8
Private 284 293,898 25,876 26,775 8.8 9.1
Public 44 44,632 16,867 20,097 37.8 45.0
19460 Decatur, Al Total 98 105,949 16,367 16,367 15.4 15.4
Private 81 87,871 5,563 5,563 6.3 6.3
Public 17 18,078 10,804 10,804 59.8 59.8
19500 Decatur, IL Total 83 83,531 20,167 20,167 24.1 24.1
Private 74 74,541 16,329 16,329 21.9 21.9
Public 9 8,990 3,838 3,838 42.7 42.7
19660 Deltona-Daytona Beach-Ormond Beach, FL Total 211 227,888 22,090 26,891 9.7 11.8
Private 172 187,499 4,204 6,235 2.2 3.3
Public 39 40,389 17,885 20,656 44.3 51.1
19740 Denver-Aurora, CO Total 2,016 1,135,178 93,262 101,519 8.2 8.9
Private 1,713 968,420 46,307 50,249 4.8 5.2
Public 303 166,758 46,955 51,270 28.2 30.7
19780 Des Moines, IA Total 716 277,064 25,281 32,107 9.1 11.6
Private 614 238,474 9,776 11,755 4.1 4.9
Public 102 38,590 15,505 20,352 40.2 52.7
19820 Detroit-Warren-Livonia, MI Total 1,724 1,825,712 389,293 413,489 21.3 22.6
Private 1,500 1,590,350 260,926 276,779 16.4 17.4
Public 224 235,362 128,367 136,710 54.5 58.1
20100 Dover, DE Total 537 75,463 8,257 8,916 10.9 11.8
Private 386 54,761 3,970 3,970 7.2 7.2
Public 151 20,702 4,288 4,946 20.7 23.9
20260 Duluth, MN-WI Total 168 89,085 30,457 32,040 34.2 36.0
Private 130 69,180 16,557 17,133 23.9 24.8
Public 38 19,905 13,899 14,908 69.8 74.9
20500 Durham, NC Total 216 241,110 4,682 4,682 1.9 1.9
Private 176 195,210 3,544 3,544 1.8 1.8
Public 40 45,901 1,138 1,138 2.5 2.5
20740 Eau Claire, WI Total 144 109,153 11,383 11,383 10.4 10.4
Private 118 90,045 3,272 3,272 3.6 3.6
Public 26 19,108 8,111 8,111 42.4 42.4
20940 El Centro, CA Total 56 58,635 13,280 13,280 22.6 22.6
Private 39 40,869 6,480 6,480 15.9 15.9
Public 17 17,766 6,800 6,800 38.3 38.3
21340 El Paso, TX Total 264 285,776 16,506 20,831 5.8 7.3
Private 204 223,821 6,066 6,066 2.7 2.7
Public 60 61,955 10,440 14,764 16.9 23.8
21500 Erie, PA Total 96 98,106 14,490 14,490 14.8 14.8
Private 89 90,827 12,198 12,198 13.4 13.4
Public 7 7,279 2,292 2,292 31.5 31.5
21660 Eugene-Springfield, OR Total 228 156,992 23,830 24,577 15.2 15.7
Private 185 128,102 8,178 8,178 6.4 6.4
Public 43 28,889 15,652 16,399 54.2 56.8
21780 Evansville, IN-KY Total 99 106,776 11,724 11,724 11.0 11.0
Private 88 95,212 8,490 8,490 8.9 8.9
Public 11 11,564 3,234 3,234 28.0 28.0
22020 Fargo, ND-MN Total 669 85,582 5,882 6,167 6.9 7.2
Private 560 71,932 2,271 2,401 3.2 3.3
Public 109 13,650 3,612 3,766 26.5 27.6
22140 Farmington, NM Total 104 54,678 850 850 1.6 1.6
Private 78 41,777 363 363 0.9 0.9
Public 26 12,902 486 486 3.8 3.8
22180 Fayetteville, NC Total 103 116,496 9,799 13,211 8.4 11.3
Private 68 77,924 4,594 4,594 5.9 5.9
Public 35 38,572 5,205 8,617 13.5 22.3
22220 Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO Total 276 183,107 2,695 3,476 1.5 1.9
Private 235 156,403 1,006 1,006 0.6 0.6
Public 41 26,704 1,689 2,470 6.3 9.2
22420 Flint, MI Total 145 152,797 30,715 30,715 20.1 20.1
Private 134 141,425 21,490 21,490 15.2 15.2
Public 11 11,373 9,225 9,225 81.1 81.1
22460 Florence, AL Total 83 87,422 12,121 12,121 13.9 13.9
Private 71 74,918 7,941 7,941 10.6 10.6
Public 12 12,504 4,180 4,180 33.4 33.4
22660 Fort Collins-Loveland, CO Total 236 130,738 6,692 6,692 5.1 5.1
Private 198 109,977 1,672 1,672 1.5 1.5
Public 38 20,761 5,020 5,020 24.2 24.2
22900 Fort Smith, AR-OK Total 167 109,243 10,485 12,184 9.6 11.2
Private 132 86,431 5,608 5,608 6.5 6.5
Public 35 22,812 4,877 6,575 21.4 28.8
23020 Fort Walton Beach-Crestview-Destin, FL Total 93 101,683 7,310 7,310 7.2 7.2
Private 69 76,077 913 913 1.2 1.2
Public 24 25,606 6,397 6,397 25.0 25.0
23060 Fort Wayne, IN Total 165 176,196 13,310 14,234 7.6 8.1
Private 143 154,269 8,499 9,423 5.5 6.1
Public 22 21,927 4,811 4,811 21.9 21.9
23420 Fresno, CA Total 309 336,312 46,557 46,557 13.8 13.8
Private 255 279,815 18,698 18,698 6.7 6.7
Public 54 56,498 27,859 27,859 49.3 49.3
23540 Gainesville, FL Total 109 122,177 7,187 14,131 5.9 11.6
Private 74 83,159 1,376 3,512 1.7 4.2
Public 35 39,018 5,811 10,619 14.9 27.2
24340 Grand Rapids-Wyoming, MI Total 398 408,290 64,006 64,890 15.7 15.9
Private 350 360,172 34,212 35,096 9.5 9.7
Public 48 48,119 29,795 29,795 61.9 61.9
24540 Greeley, CO Total 248 138,779 12,545 13,121 9.0 9.5
Private 206 115,035 5,415 5,991 4.7 5.2
Public 42 23,744 7,130 7,130 30.0 30.0
24580 Green Bay, WI Total 169 124,718 12,641 12,641 10.1 10.1
Private 147 108,469 3,909 3,909 3.6 3.6
Public 22 16,250 8,731 8,731 53.7 53.7
24660 Greensboro-High Point, NC Total 353 389,649 14,498 17,851 3.7 4.6
Private 302 333,594 10,144 11,265 3.0 3.4
Public 51 56,055 4,354 6,586 7.8 11.7
24860 Greenville, SC Total 256 214,153 4,035 8,984 1.9 4.2
Private 221 185,832 2,056 3,513 1.1 1.9
Public 35 28,321 1,979 5,471 7.0 19.3
25060 Gulfport-Biloxi, MS Total 87 63,435 3,208 3,208 5.1 5.1
Private 67 47,467 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 20 15,968 3,208 3,208 20.1 20.1
25180 Hagerstown-Martinsburg, MD-WV Total 121 70,193 4,980 4,980 7.1 7.1
Private 100 58,353 2,170 2,170 3.7 3.7
Public 21 11,840 2,811 2,811 23.7 23.7
25420 Harrisburg-Carlisle, PA Total 252 256,985 51,875 59,348 20.2 23.1
Private 189 192,237 26,452 28,260 13.8 14.7
Public 63 64,748 25,423 31,088 39.3 48.0
25500 Harrisonburg, VA Total 121 103,879 966 966 0.9 0.9
Private 104 89,565 966 966 1.1 1.1
Public 17 14,314 0 0 0.0 0.0
73450 Hartford-West Hartford-East Hartford, CT Total 1,327 531,085 92,543 98,213 17.4 18.5
Private 1,111 444,488 34,479 36,945 7.8 8.3
Public 216 86,597 58,064 61,268 67.1 70.8
25860 Hickory-Morgantown-Lenoir, NC Total 117 129,042 3,195 3,195 2.5 2.5
Private 94 103,764 1,073 1,073 1.0 1.0
Public 23 25,278 2,122 2,122 8.4 8.4
26100 Holland-Grand Haven, MI Total 128 128,115 13,146 13,146 10.3 10.3
Private 114 114,278 6,159 6,159 5.4 5.4
Public 14 13,837 6,986 6,986 50.5 50.5
26180 Honolulu, HI Total 1,932 407,619 92,426 95,833 22.7 23.5
Private 1,541 327,057 49,406 52,066 15.1 15.9
Public 391 80,563 43,020 43,767 53.4 54.3
26420 Houston-Baytown-Sugar Land, TX Total 1,907 2,335,082 128,990 150,297 5.5 6.4
Private 1,638 2,016,665 69,355 83,189 3.4 4.1
Public 269 318,417 59,635 67,108 18.7 21.1
26580 Huntington-Ashland, WV-KY-OH Total 163 60,937 6,255 6,640 10.3 10.9
Private 133 49,453 3,803 4,187 7.7 8.5
Public 30 11,484 2,452 2,452 21.4 21.4
26620 Huntsville, AL Total 180 195,047 10,822 11,883 5.5 6.1
Private 147 159,988 1,236 1,236 0.8 0.8
Public 33 35,060 9,586 10,647 27.3 30.4
26900 Indianapolis, IN Total 733 733,657 59,751 66,265 8.1 9.0
Private 629 631,673 36,726 39,543 5.8 6.3
Public 104 101,984 23,025 26,722 22.6 26.2
26980 Iowa City, IA Total 269 105,221 13,729 19,617 13.0 18.6
Private 169 65,862 2,908 3,679 4.4 5.6
Public 100 39,359 10,821 15,938 27.5 40.5
27100 Jackson, MI Total 113 113,811 25,804 29,592 22.7 26.0
Private 91 92,297 13,675 16,609 14.8 18.0
Public 22 21,514 12,129 12,983 56.4 60.3
27140 Jackson, MS Total 319 240,164 8,764 10,675 3.6 4.4
Private 241 183,738 3,831 4,446 2.1 2.4
Public 78 56,427 4,933 6,229 8.7 11.0
27260 Jacksonville, FL Total 540 594,540 52,997 56,704 8.9 9.5
Private 479 528,646 25,731 28,398 4.9 5.4
Public 61 65,894 27,266 28,305 41.4 43.0
27340 Jacksonville, NC Total 58 66,584 1,056 2,081 1.6 3.1
Private 50 57,168 1,056 1,056 1.8 1.8
Public 8 9,416 0 1,025 0.0 10.9
27500 Janesville, WI Total 125 92,697 17,649 18,292 19.0 19.7
Private 116 85,845 12,781 13,424 14.9 15.6
Public 9 6,853 4,867 4,867 71.0 71.0
27740 Johnson City, TN Total 76 79,291 3,036 3,036 3.8 3.8
Private 68 71,147 3,036 3,036 4.3 4.3
Public 8 8,144 0 0 0.0 0.0
27780 Johnstown, PA Total 85 84,886 11,867 11,867 14.0 14.0
Private 74 73,749 6,081 6,081 8.2 8.2
Public 11 11,137 5,787 5,787 52.0 52.0
27900 Joplin, MO Total 112 99,901 4,194 5,050 4.2 5.1
Private 97 86,595 979 979 1.1 1.1
Public 15 13,306 3,215 4,071 24.2 30.6
28020 Kalamazoo-Portage, MI Total 193 194,763 31,447 32,263 16.1 16.6
Private 158 159,981 10,800 10,800 6.8 6.8
Public 35 34,782 20,648 21,464 59.4 61.7
28100 Kankakee-Bradley, IL Total 123 129,842 20,872 20,872 16.1 16.1
Private 107 113,285 14,614 14,614 12.9 12.9
Public 16 16,557 6,258 6,258 37.8 37.8
28140 Kansas City, MO-KS Total 1,318 875,100 73,902 81,348 8.4 9.3
Private 1,162 771,482 52,028 52,900 6.7 6.9
Public 156 103,618 21,874 28,448 21.1 27.5
28660 Killeen-Temple-Fort Hood, TX Total 122 127,566 9,741 12,919 7.6 10.1
Private 90 94,377 6,754 6,754 7.2 7.2
Public 32 33,189 2,987 6,165 9.0 18.6
28700 Kingsport-Bristol, TN-VA Total 64 68,785 914 914 1.3 1.3
Private 54 57,666 914 914 1.6 1.6
Public 10 11,120 0 0 0.0 0.0
28740 Kingston, NY Total 114 119,305 25,753 26,674 21.6 22.4
Private 94 98,386 5,857 6,778 6.0 6.9
Public 20 20,919 19,896 19,896 95.1 95.1
28940 Knoxville, TN Total 183 199,881 12,212 14,255 6.1 7.1
Private 149 164,599 5,991 8,034 3.6 4.9
Public 34 35,283 6,221 6,221 17.6 17.6
29100 La Crosse, WI Total 124 89,893 14,921 15,684 16.6 17.4
Private 105 76,331 6,518 6,518 8.5 8.5
Public 19 13,562 8,402 9,165 62.0 67.6
29180 Lafayette, LA Total 200 226,711 2,754 2,754 1.2 1.2
Private 175 200,241 1,716 1,716 0.9 0.9
Public 25 26,469 1,038 1,038 3.9 3.9
29340 Lake Charles, LA Total 103 119,819 15,570 18,191 13.0 15.2
Private 79 94,308 11,052 12,006 11.7 12.7
Public 24 25,512 4,517 6,185 17.7 24.2
29460 Lakeland-Winter Haven, FL Total 179 201,053 9,455 10,713 4.7 5.3
Private 157 176,068 4,871 6,128 2.8 3.5
Public 22 24,985 4,584 4,584 18.3 18.3
29540 Lancaster, PA Total 217 215,879 22,858 25,786 10.6 11.9
Private 190 189,814 12,097 13,135 6.4 6.9
Public 27 26,065 10,762 12,651 41.3 48.5
29620 Lansing-East Lansing, MI Total 193 198,191 56,714 60,450 28.6 30.5
Private 143 148,297 28,410 29,466 19.2 19.9
Public 50 49,895 28,304 30,984 56.7 62.1
29700 Laredo, TX Total 94 100,943 3,143 5,176 3.1 5.1
Private 75 80,817 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 19 20,126 3,143 5,176 15.6 25.7
29740 Las Cruses, NM Total 111 56,474 2,771 4,272 4.9 7.6
Private 79 41,001 0 698 0.0 1.7
Public 32 15,473 2,771 3,574 17.9 23.1
29820 Las Vegas-Paradise, NM Total 2,097 850,054 135,760 153,667 16.0 18.1
Private 1,888 768,316 111,031 121,173 14.5 15.8
Public 209 81,738 24,729 32,494 30.3 39.8
29940 Lawrence, KS Total 179 85,783 6,993 8,580 8.2 10.0
Private 137 66,026 3,672 3,672 5.6 5.6
Public 42 19,757 3,322 4,908 16.8 24.8
30020 Lawton, OK Total 120 85,694 7,334 9,182 8.6 10.7
Private 85 62,022 4,475 5,162 7.2 8.3
Public 35 23,672 2,859 4,020 12.1 17.0
74500 Leominster-Fitchburg-Gardner, MA Total 113 120,387 25,518 26,460 21.2 22.0
Private 90 97,612 12,484 12,484 12.8 12.8
Public 23 22,775 13,034 13,976 57.2 61.4
30460 Lexington-Fayette, KY Total 319 232,466 10,482 11,208 4.5 4.8
Private 258 188,649 6,905 7,630 3.7 4.0
Public 61 43,817 3,577 3,577 8.2 8.2
30780 Little Rock-North Little Rock, AR Total 464 306,158 17,563 21,829 5.7 7.1
Private 354 236,440 8,926 10,914 3.8 4.6
Public 110 69,719 8,636 10,915 12.4 15.7
30980 Longview, TX Total 65 70,115 0 0 0.0 0.0
Private 56 60,849 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 9 9,265 0 0 0.0 0.0
31100 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Santa Ana, CA Total 5,105 5,454,007 830,295 905,247 15.2 16.6
Private 4,366 4,677,652 398,448 447,667 8.5 9.6
Public 739 776,355 431,847 457,580 55.6 58.9
31140 Louisville, KY-IN Total 634 480,307 73,600 82,764 15.3 17.2
Private 551 417,050 53,186 57,406 12.8 13.8
Public 83 63,257 20,414 25,359 32.3 40.1
31180 Lubbock, TX Total 80 87,826 2,065 2,984 2.4 3.4
Private 64 70,262 2,065 2,984 2.9 4.2
Public 16 17,564 0 0 0.0 0.0
31340 Lynchburg, VA Total 130 117,724 2,573 7,050 2.2 6.0
Private 117 106,246 1,720 4,307 1.6 4.1
Public 13 11,478 853 2,743 7.4 23.9
31420 Macon,, GA Total 50 53,624 4,517 4,517 8.4 8.4
Private 41 44,255 2,410 2,410 5.4 5.4
Public 9 9,369 2,107 2,107 22.5 22.5
31460 Madera, CA Total 94 101,458 17,056 17,056 16.8 16.8
Private 75 80,903 8,445 8,445 10.4 10.4
Public 19 20,555 8,611 8,611 41.9 41.9
31540 Madison, WI Total 411 306,022 58,054 63,927 19.0 20.9
Private 303 226,884 19,070 19,070 8.4 8.4
Public 108 79,138 38,984 44,857 49.3 56.7
32580 McAllen-Edinburg-Pharr, TX Total 174 185,254 3,564 22,761 1.9 12.3
Private 125 134,846 2,597 5,774 1.9 4.3
Public 49 50,408 967 16,987 1.9 33.7
32780 Medford, OR Total 105 70,763 4,844 5,319 6.8 7.5
Private 86 59,133 1,426 1,901 2.4 3.2
Public 19 11,630 3,418 3,418 29.4 29.4
32820 Memphis, TN-MS-AR Total 555 611,916 46,599 50,918 7.6 8.3
Private 474 521,412 20,081 23,210 3.9 4.5
Public 81 90,504 26,518 27,709 29.3 30.6
32900 Merced, CA Total 83 87,178 19,353 19,353 22.2 22.2
Private 66 69,866 11,191 11,191 16.0 16.0
Public 17 17,312 8,162 8,162 47.1 47.1
33100 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-Miami Beach, FL Total 2,158 2,346,930 144,689 169,972 6.2 7.2
Private 1,884 2,049,475 46,409 56,620 2.3 2.8
Public 274 297,455 98,280 113,352 33.0 38.1
33140 Michigan City-La Porte, IN Total 110 109,091 18,571 18,571 17.0 17.0
Private 98 98,309 13,029 13,029 13.3 13.3
Public 12 10,782 5,542 5,542 51.4 51.4
33260 Midland, TX Total 83 89,788 1,922 1,922 2.1 2.1
Private 69 75,031 969 969 1.3 1.3
Public 14 14,757 953 953 6.5 6.5
33340 Milwaukee-Waukesha-West Allis, WI Total 959 707,851 85,419 92,596 12.1 13.1
Private 854 631,376 40,828 45,070 6.5 7.1
Public 105 76,475 44,591 47,526 58.3 62.1
33460 Minneapolis-St Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI Total 2,759 1,504,622 234,553 245,469 15.6 16.3
Private 2,389 1,305,946 125,162 129,995 9.6 10.0
Public 370 198,676 109,391 115,473 55.1 58.1
33660 Mobile, AL Total 125 133,444 11,186 13,087 8.4 9.8
Private 102 111,457 4,478 5,274 4.0 4.7
Public 23 21,986 6,708 7,814 30.5 35.5
33700 Modesto, CA Total 222 243,255 46,513 54,946 19.1 22.6
Private 187 206,246 32,816 35,528 15.9 17.2
Public 35 37,010 13,697 19,418 37.0 52.5
33740 Monroe, LA Total 161 189,043 14,826 17,890 7.8 9.5
Private 134 156,559 10,121 10,121 6.5 6.5
Public 27 32,484 4,705 7,769 14.5 23.9
33780 Monroe, MI Total 104 109,604 19,739 20,603 18.0 18.8
Private 97 102,600 17,619 17,619 17.2 17.2
Public 7 7,004 2,119 2,983 30.3 42.6
33860 Montgomery, AL Total 148 149,449 15,349 17,172 10.3 11.5
Private 105 105,615 3,292 3,292 3.1 3.1
Public 43 43,834 12,058 13,881 27.5 31.7
34740 Muskegon-Norton Shores, MI Total 128 130,689 29,387 31,267 22.5 23.9
Private 108 109,992 14,799 15,836 13.5 14.4
Public 20 20,697 14,588 15,432 70.5 74.6
34820 Myrtle Beach-Conway-North Myrtle Beach, SC Total 158 133,031 2,030 2,030 1.5 1.5
Private 140 117,953 2,030 2,030 1.7 1.7
Public 18 15,078 0 0 0.0 0.0
34900 Napa, CA Total 74 80,562 13,377 13,377 16.6 16.6
Private 66 72,650 10,397 10,397 14.3 14.3
Public 8 7,912 2,979 2,979 37.7 37.7
34940 Naples-Marco Island, FL Total 98 106,927 1,993 1,993 1.9 1.9
Private 89 97,322 912 912 0.9 0.9
Public 9 9,605 1,081 1,081 11.3 11.3
34980 Nashville-Davidson-Murfreesboro, TN Total 671 739,814 37,857 46,209 5.1 6.2
Private 578 636,596 18,716 21,739 2.9 3.4
Public 93 103,219 19,142 24,470 18.5 23.7
75700 New Haven, CT Total 687 280,438 47,400 49,460 16.9 17.6
Private 584 237,494 17,523 19,177 7.4 8.1
Public 103 42,944 29,878 30,282 69.6 70.5
35380 New Orleans-Metairie-Kenner, LA Total 383 440,336 21,615 24,635 4.9 5.6
Private 327 377,782 11,332 13,138 3.0 3.5
Public 56 62,554 10,282 11,497 16.4 18.4
35620 New York-Northern New Jersey-Long Island, NY-NJ-PA Total 7,176 8,090,510 1,894,890 2,010,217 23.4 24.8
Private 6,030 6,821,493 1,014,141 1,098,067 14.9 16.1
Public 1,146 1,269,017 880,748 912,150 69.4 71.9
35660 Niles-Benton Harbor, MI Total 58 55,995 10,569 12,397 18.9 22.1
Private 55 53,368 9,764 11,592 18.3 21.7
Public 3 2,627 805 805 30.6 30.6
76450 Norwich-New London, CT-RI Total 230 94,314 15,556 16,717 16.5 17.7
Private 167 68,163 5,337 5,337 7.8 7.8
Public 63 26,152 10,219 11,381 39.1 43.5
36100 Ocala, FL Total 98 105,349 8,499 8,499 8.1 8.1
Private 77 82,669 2,152 2,152 2.6 2.6
Public 21 22,680 6,346 6,346 28.0 28.0
36140 Ocean City, NJ Total 31 30,276 3,951 3,951 13.1 13.1
Private 25 24,361 1,137 1,137 4.7 4.7
Public 6 5,915 2,814 2,814 47.6 47.6
36260 Ogden-Clearfield, UT Total 441 218,454 11,429 15,895 5.2 7.3
Private 332 166,103 5,237 6,213 3.2 3.7
Public 109 52,350 6,192 9,682 11.8 18.5
36420 Oklahoma City, OK Total 817 574,517 46,126 58,916 8.0 10.3
Private 648 457,200 12,730 17,930 2.8 3.9
Public 169 117,317 33,395 40,986 28.5 34.9
36500 Olympia, WA Total 140 122,951 30,459 32,048 24.8 26.1
Private 89 78,453 10,971 10,971 14.0 14.0
Public 51 44,498 19,488 21,077 43.8 47.4
36540 Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Total 1,283 397,689 29,979 34,959 7.5 8.8
Private 1,094 339,281 13,765 14,324 4.1 4.2
Public 189 58,408 16,214 20,635 27.8 35.3
36740 Orlando, FL Total 859 937,067 54,642 70,567 5.8 7.5
Private 758 824,518 29,766 34,737 3.6 4.2
Public 101 112,549 24,877 35,830 22.1 31.8
36780 Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Total 105 76,467 12,209 13,663 16.0 17.9
Private 90 65,317 5,105 5,105 7.8 7.8
Public 15 11,151 7,105 8,558 63.7 76.7
37100 Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA Total 328 349,384 51,252 54,282 14.7 15.5
Private 278 296,994 26,321 28,443 8.9 9.6
Public 50 52,389 24,931 25,839 47.6 49.3
37340 Palm Bay-Melbourne-Titusville, FL Total 244 263,165 15,467 21,707 5.9 8.2
Private 209 226,732 4,625 4,625 2.0 2.0
Public 35 36,433 10,842 17,082 29.8 46.9
37460 Panama City-Lynn Haven, FL Total 96 106,274 1,061 1,061 1.0 1.0
Private 84 93,033 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 12 13,241 1,061 1,061 8.0 8.0
37860 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL Total 169 184,085 16,951 22,018 9.2 12.0
Private 133 144,885 4,211 7,285 2.9 5.0
Public 36 39,199 12,740 14,733 32.5 37.6
37900 Peoria, IL Total 193 196,504 32,493 34,632 16.5 17.6
Private 162 165,161 19,907 19,907 12.1 12.1
Public 31 31,343 12,586 14,725 40.2 47.0
37980 Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE Total 3,977 2,479,031 402,955 440,644 16.3 17.8
Private 3,418 2,136,879 222,415 247,200 10.4 11.6
Public 559 342,151 180,540 193,444 52.8 56.5
38060 Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ Total 1,702 1,936,327 177,105 198,092 9.1 10.2
Private 1,470 1,679,119 118,060 127,460 7.0 7.6
Public 232 257,208 59,046 70,632 23.0 27.5
38300 Pittsburgh, PA Total 1,119 1,121,258 152,938 165,334 13.6 14.7
Private 1,007 1,008,365 97,970 104,713 9.7 10.4
Public 112 112,893 54,968 60,620 48.7 53.7
38940 Port St. Lucie-Fort Pierce, FL Total 131 145,254 0 0 0.0 0.0
Private 110 121,930 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 21 23,324 0 0 0.0 0.0
76750 Portland-South Portland, ME Total 1,008 178,771 16,483 21,312 9.2 11.9
Private 851 151,491 4,997 6,328 3.3 4.2
Public 157 27,280 11,486 14,984 42.1 54.9
38900 Portland-Vancouver-Beaverton, OR-WA Total 1,333 966,779 138,353 146,513 14.3 15.2
Private 1,164 845,787 75,148 80,419 8.9 9.5
Public 169 120,993 63,205 66,094 52.2 54.6
39100 Poughkeepsie-Newburgh-Middletown, NY Total 266 283,721 72,778 72,778 25.7 25.7
Private 225 241,796 39,645 39,645 16.4 16.4
Public 41 41,925 33,133 33,133 79.0 79.0
39140 Prescott, AZ Total 77 89,723 5,891 5,891 6.6 6.6
Private 67 77,933 4,795 4,795 6.2 6.2
Public 10 11,789 1,095 1,095 9.3 9.3
77200 Providence-Fall River-Warwick, MA-RI Total 3,248 617,959 93,612 97,473 15.1 15.8
Private 2,812 538,513 44,527 46,771 8.3 8.7
Public 436 79,446 49,085 50,702 61.8 63.8
39340 Provo-Orem, UT Total 378 188,826 11,734 12,175 6.2 6.4
Private 306 153,871 5,318 5,318 3.5 3.5
Public 72 34,955 6,416 6,857 18.4 19.6
39380 Pueblo, CO Total 164 93,431 14,258 14,825 15.3 15.9
Private 122 70,639 6,113 6,113 8.7 8.7
Public 42 22,793 8,145 8,712 35.7 38.2
39460 Punta Gorda, FL Total 57 61,807 1,109 1,109 1.8 1.8
Private 49 53,287 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 8 8,520 1,109 1,109 13.0 13.0
39540 Racine, WI Total 175 124,464 23,790 25,262 19.1 20.3
Private 150 107,765 14,047 15,519 13.0 14.4
Public 25 16,699 9,743 9,743 58.3 58.3
39580 Raleigh-Cary, NC Total 471 527,327 8,254 12,498 1.6 2.4
Private 393 439,336 4,434 5,808 1.0 1.3
Public 78 87,991 3,820 6,690 4.3 7.6
39740 Reading, PA Total 185 182,657 21,384 22,212 11.7 12.2
Private 162 160,673 8,305 9,133 5.2 5.7
Public 23 21,984 13,079 13,079 59.5 59.5
39900 Reno-Sparks, NV Total 504 198,397 25,054 30,082 12.6 15.2
Private 412 162,380 11,777 13,620 7.3 8.4
Public 92 36,017 13,277 16,462 36.9 45.7
40060 Richmond, VA Total 672 599,755 16,107 22,129 2.7 3.7
Private 540 481,891 10,027 13,380 2.1 2.8
Public 132 117,864 6,080 8,749 5.2 7.4
40140 Riverside-San Bernardino, CA Total 1,369 1,502,100 278,785 293,759 18.6 19.6
Private 1,128 1,244,932 123,541 130,148 9.9 10.5
Public 241 257,169 155,245 163,612 60.4 63.6
40220 Roanoke, VA Total 127 108,955 4,245 5,054 3.9 4.6
Private 111 94,895 1,622 1,622 1.7 1.7
Public 16 14,060 2,623 3,432 18.7 24.4
40380 Rochester, NY Total 451 470,870 73,528 76,685 15.6 16.3
Private 384 403,614 27,510 29,738 6.8 7.4
Public 67 67,256 46,018 46,947 68.4 69.8
77350 Rochester-Dover, NH-ME Total 362 55,818 5,230 5,660 9.4 10.1
Private 302 46,681 1,674 1,956 3.6 4.2
Public 60 9,136 3,556 3,704 38.9 40.5
40420 Rockford, IL Total 151 152,724 23,357 23,357 15.3 15.3
Private 141 142,551 16,147 16,147 11.3 11.3
Public 10 10,173 7,210 7,210 70.9 70.9
40900 Sacramento--Arden-Arcade-Roseville, CA Total 788 840,101 171,633 184,294 20.4 21.9
Private 602 642,021 53,381 61,067 8.3 9.5
Public 186 198,080 118,252 123,227 59.7 62.2
40980 Saginaw-Saginaw Township North, MI Total 62 62,337 8,273 8,273 13.3 13.3
Private 54 55,123 4,488 4,488 8.1 8.1
Public 8 7,214 3,785 3,785 52.5 52.5
41420 Salem, OR Total 253 175,963 37,048 38,247 21.1 21.7
Private 193 136,331 9,752 9,752 7.2 7.2
Public 60 39,633 27,296 28,495 68.9 71.9
41500 Salinas, CA Total 155 165,023 38,104 41,121 23.1 24.9
Private 127 135,876 17,936 18,900 13.2 13.9
Public 28 29,146 20,168 22,220 69.2 76.2
41540 Salisbury, MD Total 98 58,033 11,226 11,226 19.3 19.3
Private 81 48,780 6,141 6,141 12.6 12.6
Public 17 9,252 5,085 5,085 55.0 55.0
41620 Salt Lake City, UT Total 1,036 516,942 28,013 31,721 5.4 6.1
Private 866 437,182 10,982 13,801 2.5 3.2
Public 170 79,760 17,031 17,920 21.4 22.5
41700 San Antonio, TX Total 678 781,810 39,656 43,841 5.1 5.6
Private 567 660,442 17,327 18,592 2.6 2.8
Public 111 121,368 22,329 25,249 18.4 20.8
41740 San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos, CA Total 1,147 1,196,946 124,916 141,734 10.4 11.8
Private 952 996,281 60,334 70,011 6.1 7.0
Public 195 200,665 64,582 71,723 32.2 35.7
41860 San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA Total 1,647 1,836,998 329,266 348,778 17.9 19.0
Private 1,399 1,565,866 190,766 203,797 12.2 13.0
Public 248 271,132 138,499 144,981 51.1 53.5
41940 San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA Total 815 907,830 127,321 129,569 14.0 14.3
Private 716 800,607 68,674 70,922 8.6 8.9
Public 99 107,223 58,647 58,647 54.7 54.7
42020 San Luis Obispo-Paso Robles, CA Total 87 95,611 22,556 27,677 23.6 28.9
Private 61 68,358 5,395 6,507 7.9 9.5
Public 26 27,253 17,161 21,170 63.0 77.7
42060 Santa Barbara-Santa Maria-Goleta, CA Total 157 172,194 14,994 16,020 8.7 9.3
Private 136 149,005 9,895 9,895 6.6 6.6
Public 21 23,189 5,100 6,125 22.0 26.4
42140 Santa Fe, NM Total 72 36,158 2,995 2,995 8.3 8.3
Private 58 29,245 2,015 2,015 6.9 6.9
Public 14 6,913 980 980 14.2 14.2
42220 Santa Rosa-Petaluma, CA Total 191 202,217 36,799 37,822 18.2 18.7
Private 162 171,919 22,117 23,141 12.9 13.5
Public 29 30,298 14,682 14,682 48.5 48.5
42100 Santa-Cruz-Watsonville, CA Total 90 97,967 20,062 21,303 20.5 21.7
Private 75 81,790 10,503 11,743 12.8 14.4
Public 15 16,177 9,560 9,560 59.1 59.1
42260 Sarasota-Bradenton-Venice, FL Total 298 313,636 20,633 34,035 6.6 10.9
Private 255 268,377 9,981 13,131 3.7 4.9
Public 43 45,258 10,652 20,905 23.5 46.2
42340 Savannah, GA Total 259 271,304 13,091 13,091 4.8 4.8
Private 215 224,997 8,909 8,909 4.0 4.0
Public 44 46,307 4,182 4,182 9.0 9.0
42540 Scranton-Wilkes Barre, PA Total 223 223,918 48,846 52,639 21.8 23.5
Private 184 185,090 20,992 22,801 11.3 12.3
Public 39 38,827 27,854 29,838 71.7 76.8
42660 Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA Total 1,742 1,578,025 310,814 321,979 19.7 20.4
Private 1,485 1,348,043 177,008 183,635 13.1 13.6
Public 257 229,982 133,806 138,345 58.2 60.2
43340 Shreveport-Bossier City, LA Total 142 167,829 13,462 16,529 8.0 9.8
Private 110 130,252 7,043 7,043 5.4 5.4
Public 32 37,576 6,418 9,485 17.1 25.2
43620 Sioux Falls, SD Total 857 124,419 9,621 11,551 7.7 9.3
Private 761 110,592 5,062 5,584 4.6 5.0
Public 96 13,827 4,559 5,967 33.0 43.2
43780 South Bend-Mishawaka, IN-MI Total 128 138,309 16,990 16,990 12.3 12.3
Private 110 119,204 10,132 10,132 8.5 8.5
Public 18 19,105 6,857 6,857 35.9 35.9
43900 Spartanburg, SC Total 162 130,866 3,282 3,282 2.5 2.5
Private 146 117,909 1,644 1,644 1.4 1.4
Public 16 12,957 1,638 1,638 12.6 12.6
44060 Spokane, WA Total 222 202,058 40,493 47,413 20.0 23.5
Private 190 174,239 20,478 25,679 11.8 14.7
Public 32 27,819 20,015 21,735 71.9 78.1
44100 Springfield, IL Total 105 105,316 17,864 19,687 17.0 18.7
Private 78 79,457 5,836 6,782 7.3 8.5
Public 27 25,859 12,029 12,905 46.5 49.9
78100 Springfield, MA-CT Total 251 265,635 38,014 42,402 14.3 16.0
Private 218 230,911 19,957 21,448 8.6 9.3
Public 33 34,724 18,058 20,954 52.0 60.3
44180 Springfield, MO Total 170 149,612 9,143 10,110 6.1 6.8
Private 145 128,656 3,586 4,552 2.8 3.5
Public 25 20,956 5,558 5,558 26.5 26.5
44220 Springfield, OH Total 66 67,993 15,612 17,778 23.0 26.1
Private 51 52,331 8,130 9,398 15.5 18.0
Public 15 15,662 7,482 8,379 47.8 53.5
41060 St. Cloud, MN Total 120 63,948 7,391 8,589 11.6 13.4
Private 110 58,603 2,566 3,244 4.4 5.5
Public 10 5,345 4,825 5,345 90.3 100.0
41180 St. Louis, MO-IL Total 1,496 1,359,310 211,686 229,311 15.6 16.9
Private 1,324 1,204,588 153,290 163,627 12.7 13.6
Public 172 154,722 58,396 65,684 37.7 42.5
44700 Stockton, CA Total 222 237,003 55,474 59,782 23.4 25.2
Private 185 198,127 30,535 33,834 15.4 17.1
Public 37 38,876 24,938 25,948 64.1 66.7
45060 Syracuse, NY Total 260 267,828 66,120 66,981 24.7 25.0
Private 201 208,363 24,691 25,552 11.9 12.3
Public 59 59,465 41,429 41,429 69.7 69.7
45220 Tallahassee, FL Total 79 87,368 2,999 9,323 3.4 10.7
Private 48 52,946 0 1,909 0.0 3.6
Public 31 34,422 2,999 7,414 8.7 21.5
45300 Tampa-St. Petersburg-Clearwater, FL Total 1,089 1,180,823 46,693 56,641 4.0 4.8
Private 940 1,024,342 16,914 18,029 1.7 1.8
Public 149 156,481 29,779 38,612 19.0 24.7
45780 Toledo, OH Total 302 297,952 45,194 48,124 15.2 16.2
Private 238 235,906 21,646 22,794 9.2 9.7
Public 64 62,046 23,548 25,330 38.0 40.8
45820 Topeka, KS Total 261 125,820 11,484 13,311 9.1 10.6
Private 211 101,328 8,012 9,297 7.9 9.2
Public 50 24,492 3,472 4,014 14.2 16.4
45940 Trenton-Ewing, NJ Total 133 143,136 25,491 31,242 17.8 21.8
Private 105 111,517 7,422 9,838 6.7 8.8
Public 28 31,619 18,069 21,404 57.1 67.7
46060 Tucson, AZ Total 310 367,381 25,899 29,075 7.0 7.9
Private 243 288,577 11,668 13,703 4.0 4.7
Public 67 78,803 14,230 15,372 18.1 19.5
46140 Tulsa, OK Total 554 391,588 20,410 25,984 5.2 6.6
Private 497 350,480 13,576 15,665 3.9 4.5
Public 57 41,109 6,835 10,319 16.6 25.1
46220 Tuscaloosa, AL Total 90 93,255 2,405 5,407 2.6 5.8
Private 77 80,558 713 1,975 0.9 2.5
Public 13 12,696 1,693 3,431 13.3 27.0
46540 Utica-Rome, NY Total 115 122,020 31,787 31,787 26.1 26.1
Private 88 94,763 9,592 9,592 10.1 10.1
Public 27 27,257 22,194 22,194 81.4 81.4
46660 Valdosta, GA Total 76 80,678 1,075 1,075 1.3 1.3
Private 61 65,056 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 15 15,622 1,075 1,075 6.9 6.9
46700 Vallejo-Fairfield, CA Total 158 171,530 49,586 50,686 28.9 29.5
Private 121 131,482 22,195 22,195 16.9 16.9
Public 37 40,048 27,391 28,491 68.4 71.1
46940 Vero Beach, FL Total 90 97,756 5,352 6,696 5.5 6.8
Private 79 85,432 2,170 2,170 2.5 2.5
Public 11 12,324 3,182 4,525 25.8 36.7
47020 Victoria, TX Total 171 186,417 6,643 6,643 3.6 3.6
Private 145 158,777 4,253 4,253 2.7 2.7
Public 26 27,639 2,390 2,390 8.6 8.6
47220 Vineland-Millville-Bridgeton, NJ Total 54 61,624 28,187 29,210 45.7 47.4
Private 36 40,269 15,461 15,461 38.4 38.4
Public 18 21,354 12,726 13,750 59.6 64.4
47260 Virginia Beach-Norfolk-Newport News, VA-NC Total 743 669,302 32,778 40,619 4.9 6.1
Private 567 514,784 17,922 21,049 3.5 4.1
Public 176 154,518 14,856 19,570 9.6 12.7
47300 Visalia-Porterville, CA Total 132 141,433 28,021 28,021 19.8 19.8
Private 101 108,646 7,466 7,466 6.9 6.9
Public 31 32,787 20,556 20,556 62.7 62.7
47380 Waco, TX Total 122 132,522 0 1,035 0.0 0.8
Private 101 111,210 0 1,035 0.0 0.9
Public 21 21,311 0 0 0.0 0.0
47580 Warner Robins, GA Total 60 64,097 5,613 5,613 8.8 8.8
Private 44 47,394 0 0 0.0 0.0
Public 16 16,703 5,613 5,613 33.6 33.6
47900 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Total 5,792 2,681,886 213,465 247,677 8.0 9.2
Private 4,249 1,997,981 83,846 96,998 4.2 4.9
Public 1,543 683,905 129,619 150,679 19.0 22.0
78700 Waterbury, CT Total 203 81,317 15,332 15,332 18.9 18.9
Private 178 71,263 8,645 8,645 12.1 12.1
Public 25 10,054 6,688 6,688 66.5 66.5
47940 Waterloo-Cedar Falls, IA Total 219 84,619 9,702 13,176 11.5 15.6
Private 186 72,091 4,020 5,242 5.6 7.3
Public 33 12,528 5,683 7,934 45.4 63.3
48140 Wausau, WI Total 152 111,835 13,143 13,143 11.8 11.8
Private 141 103,936 9,472 9,472 9.1 9.1
Public 11 7,899 3,671 3,671 46.5 46.5
48620 Wichita, KS Total 555 264,338 28,360 35,210 10.7 13.3
Private 484 232,851 18,200 24,180 7.8 10.4
Public 71 31,487 10,160 11,031 32.3 35.0
49180 Winston-Salem, NC Total 142 155,586 10,008 12,553 6.4 8.1
Private 124 136,345 2,450 4,995 1.8 3.7
Public 18 19,241 7,558 7,558 39.3 39.3
79600 Worcester, MA-CT Total 193 211,104 25,570 28,861 12.1 13.7
Private 166 181,976 17,714 18,656 9.7 10.3
Public 27 29,128 7,856 10,205 27.0 35.0
49420 Yakima, WA Total 112 99,182 16,708 20,131 16.8 20.3
Private 85 75,924 2,585 6,008 3.4 7.9
Public 27 23,257 14,123 14,123 60.7 60.7
49620 York-Hanover, PA Total 157 159,862 16,975 16,975 10.6 10.6
Private 139 141,428 7,039 7,039 5.0 5.0
Public 18 18,434 9,937 9,937 53.9 53.9
49660 Youngstown-Warren-Boardman, OH Total 198 194,012 33,325 33,325 17.2 17.2
Private 182 178,940 21,059 21,059 11.8 11.8
Public 16 15,072 12,266 12,266 81.4 81.4
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 2007. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage
and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are union members, Covered=workers covered by a collective
bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers who are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed 
workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. Metropolitan areas in the CPS beginning May 2004 are based
on 2003 Census definitions; areas are not necessarily compatible with those from earlier years.
Members=employed workers who are union members, Covered=workers covered by a collective
© 2008 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.