Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by Occupation, 2011 (details in table note)
COC	Occupation (Standard Occupational Classification)	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
	MANAGEMENT, BUSINESS, AND FINANCIAL OCCUPATIONS	23,297	17,181,149	850,449	1,038,121	4.9	6.0
10	Chief executives	1,404	1,034,779	15,692	23,540	1.5	2.3
20	General and operations managers	1,322	948,964	38,615	44,414	4.1	4.7
40	Advertising and promotions managers	91	72,787	105	477	0.1	0.7
50	Marketing and sales managers	1,194	943,051	11,765	12,877	1.2	1.4
60	Public relations managers	102	65,300	4,675	5,732	7.2	8.8
100	Administrative services managers	175	122,519	11,579	11,579	9.5	9.5
110	Computer and information systems managers	712	542,835	19,571	24,952	3.6	4.6
120	Financial managers	1,462	1,094,447	27,937	37,137	2.6	3.4
135	Compensation and benefits managers	25	21,217	108	108	0.5	0.5
136	Human resources managers	291	218,404	9,149	10,102	4.2	4.6
137	Training and development managers	52	36,932	2,102	2,201	5.7	6.0
140	Industrial production managers	357	253,317	2,651	4,026	1.0	1.6
150	Purchasing managers	256	192,971	10,615	14,205	5.5	7.4
160	Transportation, storage, and distribution managers	319	243,517	10,305	11,122	4.2	4.6
205	Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers	188	111,229	1,252	1,252	1.1	1.1
220	Construction managers	638	486,176	33,674	40,463	6.9	8.3
230	Education administrators	1,137	806,158	140,931	173,799	17.5	21.6
300	Engineering managers	136	101,072	5,253	6,365	5.2	6.3
310	Food service managers	959	757,016	13,337	23,350	1.8	3.1
330	Gaming managers	39	21,721	329	329	1.5	1.5
340	Lodging managers	145	97,648	4,584	4,584	4.7	4.7
350	Medical and health services managers	665	474,491	24,446	32,272	5.2	6.8
360	Natural sciences managers	17	13,122	0	0	0.0	0.0
410	Property, real estate, and community association managers	485	368,198	15,170	17,145	4.1	4.7
420	Social and community service managers	495	310,634	20,119	22,000	6.5	7.1
425	Emergency management directors	7	5,805	1,120	1,120	19.3	19.3
430	Managers, all other	3,034	2,231,847	112,261	142,317	5.0	6.4
500	Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes	33	27,520	955	2,072	3.5	7.5
510	Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products	11	6,908	0	1,067	0.0	15.4
520	Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products	207	149,731	4,058	4,440	2.7	3.0
530	Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products	337	240,049	19,852	24,692	8.3	10.3
540	Claims adjusters, appraisers, examiners, and investigators	365	280,199	15,988	18,089	5.7	6.5
565	Compliance officers	258	181,810	25,850	28,892	14.2	15.9
600	Cost estimators	150	113,458	2,107	2,107	1.9	1.9
630	Human resource workers	747	556,491	54,527	61,231	9.8	11.0
640	Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists	90	58,006	6,209	7,725	10.7	13.3
650	Training and development specialists	181	128,046	9,423	11,003	7.4	8.6
700	Logisticians	98	80,531	8,330	10,190	10.3	12.7
710	Management analysts	707	508,191	11,338	15,379	2.2	3.0
725	Meeting, convention, and event planners	128	95,404	2,699	2,699	2.8	2.8
726	Fundraisers	117	71,246	5,031	5,156	7.1	7.2
735	Market research analysts and marketing specialists	224	177,634	1,222	3,941	0.7	2.2
740	Business operations specialists, all other	388	266,698	23,313	27,061	8.7	10.1
800	Accountants and auditors	1,995	1,507,480	60,352	69,769	4.0	4.6
810	Appraisers and assessors of real estate	82	54,134	5,818	5,818	10.7	10.7
820	Budget analysts	83	55,146	7,298	7,298	13.2	13.2
830	Credit analysts	37	22,170	530	530	2.4	2.4
840	Financial analysts	76	67,261	1,718	1,718	2.6	2.6
850	Personal financial advisors	369	288,650	5,325	6,914	1.8	2.4
860	Insurance underwriters	155	110,816	1,463	2,621	1.3	2.4
900	Financial examiners	15	7,154	1,356	1,356	19.0	19.0
910	Loan counselors and officers	439	316,145	3,080	5,154	1.0	1.6
930	Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents	90	69,241	28,396	35,329	41.0	51.0
940	Tax preparers	97	78,586	2,171	3,709	2.8	4.7
950	Financial specialists, all other	102	76,830	4,695	4,695	6.1	6.1
	PROFESSIONAL AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS	38,504	28,305,041	5,038,063	5,647,697	17.8	20.0
1005	Computer and information research scientists	24	19,447	1,084	1,084	5.6	5.6
1006	Computer systems analysts	513	381,349	25,300	26,671	6.6	7.0
1007	Information security analysts	63	45,556	340	340	0.7	0.7
1010	Computer programmers	571	438,014	15,086	16,552	3.4	3.8
1020	Software developers, applications and systems software	1,283	1,008,474	17,104	24,885	1.7	2.5
1030	Web developers	179	134,758	5,135	6,667	3.8	4.9
1050	Computer support specialists	601	462,889	24,346	31,528	5.3	6.8
1060	Database administrators	182	141,054	7,021	8,092	5.0	5.7
1105	Network and computer systems administrators	326	230,254	6,248	10,769	2.7	4.7
1106	Computer network architects	127	98,041	3,425	4,046	3.5	4.1
1107	Computer occupations, all other	382	298,572	19,506	23,431	6.5	7.8
1200	Actuaries	29	18,515	946	946	5.1	5.1
1220	Operations research analysts	184	120,657	8,438	10,304	7.0	8.5
1240	Mathematicians, statisticians and miscellaneous mathematical science occupations	9	6,435	0	0	0.0	0.0
1300	Architects, except naval	170	119,999	1,486	1,686	1.2	1.4
1310	Surveyors, cartographers, and photogrammetrists	59	34,836	4,779	4,779	13.7	13.7
1320	Aerospace engineers	161	136,517	12,616	16,062	9.2	11.8
1340	Agricultural and biomedical engineers	17	14,884	0	0	0.0	0.0
1350	Chemical engineers	89	72,740	2,005	2,005	2.8	2.8
1360	Civil engineers	468	350,447	27,317	32,805	7.8	9.4
1400	Computer hardware engineers	99	80,075	3,537	4,576	4.4	5.7
1410	Electrical and electronic engineers	369	289,564	12,894	16,795	4.5	5.8
1420	Environmental engineers	54	38,160	5,225	5,225	13.7	13.7
1430	Industrial engineers, including health and safety	244	182,211	8,000	9,393	4.4	5.2
1440	Marine engineers and naval architects	12	7,653	546	695	7.1	9.1
1450	Materials engineers	45	31,999	353	353	1.1	1.1
1460	Mechanical engineers	387	315,192	23,122	25,583	7.3	8.1
1500	Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers	15	8,848	0	0	0.0	0.0
1510	Nuclear engineers	30	22,639	0	0	0.0	0.0
1520	Petroleum engineers	26	19,274	0	0	0.0	0.0
1530	Engineers, all other	409	326,413	17,669	24,276	5.4	7.4
1540	Drafters	188	140,230	6,587	6,587	4.7	4.7
1550	Engineering technicians, except drafters	509	365,316	57,285	67,954	15.7	18.6
1560	Surveying and mapping technicians	81	56,075	7,648	8,703	13.6	15.5
1600	Agricultural and food scientists	61	33,990	1,501	2,196	4.4	6.5
1610	Biological scientists	167	113,312	15,620	19,471	13.8	17.2
1640	Conservation scientists and foresters	48	23,004	3,065	3,682	13.3	16.0
1650	Medical scientists and life scientists, all other	206	155,403	7,055	8,808	4.5	5.7
1700	Astronomers and physicists	25	19,681	0	0	0.0	0.0
1710	Atmospheric and space scientists	13	7,338	2,022	2,527	27.5	34.4
1720	Chemists and materials scientists	119	86,467	11,389	13,107	13.2	15.2
1740	Environmental scientists and geoscientists	131	91,593	14,902	18,852	16.3	20.6
1760	Physical scientists, all other	223	150,190	8,444	10,408	5.6	6.9
1800	Economists	53	20,157	4,882	5,105	24.2	25.3
1820	Psychologists	176	128,144	36,089	38,799	28.2	30.3
1840	Urban and regional planners	37	21,490	3,199	4,263	14.9	19.8
1860	Miscellaneous social scientists, including survey researchers and sociologists	101	54,837	2,789	4,545	5.1	8.3
1900	Agricultural and food science technicians	28	15,599	2,975	2,975	19.1	19.1
1910	Biological technicians	32	20,792	3,215	3,465	15.5	16.7
1920	Chemical technicians	92	70,297	4,561	5,661	6.5	8.1
1930	Geological and petroleum technicians	15	7,236	1,175	1,175	16.2	16.2
1965	Miscellaneous life, physical, and social science technicians	208	144,920	14,972	17,528	10.3	12.1
2000	Counselors	986	685,506	148,503	171,278	21.7	25.0
2010	Social workers	1,026	738,543	145,738	159,414	19.7	21.6
2015	Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists	115	89,006	39,743	40,825	44.7	45.9
2016	Social and human service assistants	188	130,754	18,442	22,796	14.1	17.4
2025	Miscellaneous community and social service specialists, including health educators and community hea	115	79,197	14,292	14,292	18.0	18.0
2040	Clergy	566	413,528	5,056	6,990	1.2	1.7
2050	Directors, religious activities and education	63	48,248	0	0	0.0	0.0
2060	Religious workers, all other	105	84,292	1,224	1,224	1.5	1.5
2100	Lawyers, Judges, magistrates, and other judicial workers	1,138	810,771	35,684	53,112	4.4	6.6
2105	Judicial law clerks	13	5,122	509	509	9.9	9.9
2145	Paralegals and legal assistants	500	385,443	12,472	17,015	3.2	4.4
2160	Miscellaneous legal support workers	249	176,796	19,724	21,895	11.2	12.4
2200	Postsecondary teachers	1,870	1,331,979	257,268	299,095	19.3	22.5
2300	Preschool and kindergarten teachers	882	687,733	124,141	140,164	18.1	20.4
2310	Elementary and middle school teachers	3,795	2,793,591	1,404,673	1,534,338	50.3	54.9
2320	Secondary school teachers	1,568	1,127,250	606,531	665,096	53.8	59.0
2330	Special education teachers	568	398,982	232,940	256,813	58.4	64.4
2340	Other teachers and instructors	899	660,693	56,585	63,842	8.6	9.7
2400	Archivists, curators, and museum technicians	80	44,635	2,525	2,525	5.7	5.7
2430	Librarians	281	187,968	44,927	50,187	23.9	26.7
2440	Library technicians	51	35,683	6,566	7,000	18.4	19.6
2540	Teacher assistants	1,310	937,977	299,143	328,371	31.9	35.0
2550	Other education, training, and library workers	176	122,609	27,377	29,290	22.3	23.9
2600	Artists and related workers	95	65,449	5,830	5,830	8.9	8.9
2630	Designers	694	536,142	25,240	28,726	4.7	5.4
2700	Actors	20	17,601	3,445	3,445	19.6	19.6
2710	Producers and directors	153	118,599	11,442	13,280	9.6	11.2
2720	Athletes, coaches, umpires, and related workers	268	219,017	8,748	10,098	4.0	4.6
2740	Dancers and choreographers	18	11,172	444	444	4.0	4.0
2750	Musicians, singers, and related workers	113	94,667	8,643	9,613	9.1	10.2
2760	Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other	18	13,027	2,652	2,652	20.4	20.4
2800	Announcers	54	39,990	3,956	4,431	9.9	11.1
2810	News analysts, reporters and correspondents	115	65,633	6,054	6,054	9.2	9.2
2825	Public relations specialists	198	133,692	4,813	8,343	3.6	6.2
2830	Editors	206	148,440	11,878	13,015	8.0	8.8
2840	Technical writers	75	53,623	0	0	0.0	0.0
2850	Writers and authors	163	109,007	5,986	5,986	5.5	5.5
2860	Miscellaneous media and communication workers	97	74,814	8,576	9,196	11.5	12.3
2900	Broadcast and sound engineering technicians and radio operators, other media and communication equip	112	92,282	11,671	11,671	12.6	12.6
2910	Photographers	88	72,844	1,551	2,930	2.1	4.0
2920	Television, video, and motion picture camera operators and editors	38	34,748	9,488	9,488	27.3	27.3
3000	Chiropractors	14	10,048	0	875	0.0	8.7
3010	Dentists	81	65,721	2,792	3,383	4.2	5.1
3030	Dietitians and nutritionists	133	93,680	9,115	10,967	9.7	11.7
3040	Optometrists	17	14,111	1,067	1,067	7.6	7.6
3050	Pharmacists	336	244,223	17,124	21,753	7.0	8.9
3060	Physicians and surgeons	846	614,865	44,372	61,461	7.2	10.0
3110	Physician assistants	136	93,975	9,934	13,495	10.6	14.4
3140	Audiologists	22	18,796	588	1,644	3.1	8.7
3150	Occupational therapists	134	101,161	13,975	16,959	13.8	16.8
3160	Physical therapists	273	203,968	17,697	20,843	8.7	10.2
3200	Radiation therapists	19	13,540	1,249	2,284	9.2	16.9
3210	Recreational therapists	19	14,257	2,901	2,901	20.4	20.4
3220	Respiratory therapists	176	139,819	11,309	12,169	8.1	8.7
3230	Speech-language pathologists	162	120,015	36,469	36,777	30.4	30.6
3245	Exercise physiologists and therapists, all other	161	113,923	16,988	17,678	14.9	15.5
3250	Veterinarians	69	50,307	461	1,805	0.9	3.6
3255	Registered nurses	3,731	2,702,162	487,205	535,613	18.0	19.8
3256	Nurse anesthetists	43	29,557	895	2,571	3.0	8.7
3258	Nurse midwives and nurse practitioners	142	99,953	18,690	22,758	18.7	22.8
3260	Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other	11	9,683	1,241	1,241	12.8	12.8
3300	Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians	432	331,617	29,337	35,003	8.8	10.6
3310	Dental hygienists	196	141,743	2,909	2,909	2.1	2.1
3320	Diagnostic related technologists and technicians	450	343,494	37,384	39,580	10.9	11.5
3400	Emergency medical technicians and paramedics	223	190,120	33,032	37,283	17.4	19.6
3420	Health diagnosing and treating practitioner support technicians	674	511,222	52,331	60,330	10.2	11.8
3500	Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses	705	537,783	55,343	59,213	10.3	11.0
3510	Medical records and health information technicians	162	119,318	11,903	11,903	10.0	10.0
3520	Opticians, dispensing	63	43,798	1,671	1,671	3.8	3.8
3535	Miscellaneous health technologists and technicians	185	149,519	11,373	12,276	7.6	8.2
3540	Other healthcare practitioners and technical occupations, including podiatrists	96	71,114	7,699	9,033	10.8	12.7
3600	Nursing, psychiatric, and home health aides	2,548	1,903,151	203,048	221,653	10.7	11.6
3610	Occupational therapist assistants and aides	22	16,920	2,140	2,140	12.7	12.7
3620	Physical therapist assistants and aides	102	75,602	188	2,457	0.2	3.3
3630	Massage therapists	104	79,283	0	0	0.0	0.0
3640	Dental assistants	397	312,132	3,966	8,002	1.3	2.6
3645	Medical assistants	499	396,264	17,538	20,562	4.4	5.2
3646	Medical transcriptionists	85	54,982	1,543	2,277	2.8	4.1
3647	Pharmacy aides	54	44,422	6,035	6,202	13.6	14.0
3648	Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers	45	29,263	0	0	0.0	0.0
3649	Phlebotomists	155	114,612	10,426	10,732	9.1	9.4
3655	Miscellaneous healthcare support occupations, including medical equipment preparers	208	151,378	21,616	21,616	14.3	14.3
	SERVICE OCCUPATIONS	29,494	22,541,840	2,425,044	2,649,793	10.8	11.8
3700	First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers	49	42,074	10,147	11,517	24.1	27.4
3710	First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives	132	105,487	50,289	51,678	47.7	49.0
3720	First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers	58	43,738	27,145	27,377	62.1	62.6
3730	Supervisors, protective service workers, all other	130	100,062	8,230	8,756	8.2	8.8
3740	Fire fighters	384	310,626	197,558	209,585	63.6	67.5
3750	Fire inspectors	22	17,934	6,433	6,433	35.9	35.9
3800	Bailiffs, correctional officers, and jailers	566	450,836	182,936	197,426	40.6	43.8
3820	Detectives and criminal investigators	192	153,673	74,564	80,258	48.5	52.2
3840	Miscellaneous law enforcement workers	6	5,763	970	970	16.8	16.8
3850	Police officers	861	666,777	407,589	427,810	61.1	64.2
3900	Animal control workers	11	8,302	2,696	2,696	32.5	32.5
3910	Private detectives and investigators	125	95,884	8,287	13,864	8.6	14.5
3930	Security guards and gaming surveillance officers	1,184	962,255	96,291	103,162	10.0	10.7
3940	Crossing guards	96	62,123	8,831	10,392	14.2	16.7
3945	Transportation security screeners	38	26,080	6,619	6,841	25.4	26.2
3955	Lifeguards and other recreational and all other protective service workers	206	142,977	12,796	12,955	8.9	9.1
4000	Chefs and head cooks	433	349,322	9,591	11,473	2.7	3.3
4010	First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers	625	468,230	24,265	26,958	5.2	5.8
4020	Cooks	2,509	1,940,685	83,166	95,094	4.3	4.9
4030	Food preparation workers	1,004	744,472	35,973	44,024	4.8	5.9
4040	Bartenders	505	387,410	9,995	10,406	2.6	2.7
4050	Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food	451	336,909	43,886	49,051	13.0	14.6
4060	Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop	357	271,801	3,793	4,767	1.4	1.8
4110	Waiters and waitresses	2,639	2,113,227	32,097	36,156	1.5	1.7
4120	Food servers, nonrestaurant	235	175,783	27,614	30,823	15.7	17.5
4130	Food preparation and serving related workers, all other, inc. dining/cafeteria attendants & bartende	417	344,159	25,471	29,847	7.4	8.7
4140	Dishwashers	386	279,454	3,952	6,389	1.4	2.3
4150	Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop	364	293,762	5,875	7,052	2.0	2.4
4200	First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers	294	196,197	19,609	21,144	10.0	10.8
4210	First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers	141	102,819	7,862	8,380	7.6	8.2
4220	Janitors and building cleaners	2,794	2,050,941	311,201	340,139	15.2	16.6
4230	Maids and housekeeping cleaners	1,717	1,250,379	91,010	96,536	7.3	7.7
4240	Pest control workers	66	58,465	1,557	1,557	2.7	2.7
4250	Grounds maintenance workers	1,127	942,415	57,371	63,142	6.1	6.7
4300	First-line supervisors/managers of gaming workers	151	108,493	2,737	2,737	2.5	2.5
4320	First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers	110	78,796	2,578	2,578	3.3	3.3
4340	Animal trainers	28	22,799	2,659	2,659	11.7	11.7
4350	Nonfarm animal caretakers	178	143,944	4,039	4,039	2.8	2.8
4400	Gaming services workers	175	114,758	7,032	8,428	6.1	7.3
4410	Motion picture projectionists	14	8,101	1,405	1,405	17.3	17.3
4420	Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers	52	41,675	833	833	2.0	2.0
4430	Miscellaneous entertainment attendants and related workers	221	172,678	12,319	12,319	7.1	7.1
4460	Embalmers and funeral attendants	16	9,808	0	132	0.0	1.3
4465	Morticians, undertakers, and funeral directors	25	18,690	1,208	1,208	6.5	6.5
4500	Barbers	44	37,357	0	0	0.0	0.0
4510	Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists	604	467,054	7,689	12,250	1.6	2.6
4520	Miscellaneous personal appearance workers	241	200,785	2,093	2,093	1.0	1.0
4530	Baggage porters, bellhops, and concierges	90	76,219	21,946	22,607	28.8	29.7
4540	Tour and travel guides	46	23,972	0	0	0.0	0.0
4600	Child care workers	1,162	872,535	44,301	53,425	5.1	6.1
4610	Personal and home care aides	1,351	974,307	111,866	126,623	11.5	13.0
4620	Recreation and fitness workers	438	332,531	12,874	13,471	3.9	4.1
4640	Residential advisors	82	57,249	20,640	21,842	36.1	38.2
4650	Personal care and service workers, all other	103	83,416	3,049	4,151	3.7	5.0
	SALES AND RELATED OCCUPATIONS	16,975	13,207,136	401,244	455,385	3.0	3.4
4700	First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers	3,174	2,405,534	91,828	107,074	3.8	4.5
4710	First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers	950	723,530	13,002	17,365	1.8	2.4
4720	Cashiers	4,091	3,154,542	165,923	180,076	5.3	5.7
4740	Counter and rental clerks	181	143,482	3,326	3,326	2.3	2.3
4750	Parts salespersons	179	140,066	0	0	0.0	0.0
4760	Retail salespersons	3,911	3,069,133	49,941	57,168	1.6	1.9
4800	Advertising sales agents	282	228,053	12,119	13,974	5.3	6.1
4810	Insurance sales agents	567	422,066	3,265	5,157	0.8	1.2
4820	Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents	290	228,362	1,137	2,839	0.5	1.2
4830	Travel agents	76	56,899	595	595	1.0	1.0
4840	Sales representatives, services, all other	525	443,513	6,345	8,837	1.4	2.0
4850	Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing	1,496	1,185,519	25,467	28,102	2.1	2.4
4900	Models, demonstrators, and product promoters	79	61,834	3,013	3,013	4.9	4.9
4920	Real estate brokers and sales agents	607	493,874	14,261	16,726	2.9	3.4
4930	Sales engineers	40	30,238	0	0	0.0	0.0
4940	Telemarketers	129	114,545	1,472	1,472	1.3	1.3
4950	Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers	152	108,278	1,274	1,384	1.2	1.3
4965	Sales and related workers, all other	246	197,665	8,276	8,276	4.2	4.2
	OFFICE AND ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT OCCUPATIONS	23,454	17,392,247	1,711,655	1,905,519	9.8	11.0
5000	First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers	1,868	1,394,572	82,542	96,811	5.9	6.9
5010	Switchboard operators, including answering service	54	37,458	3,473	3,473	9.3	9.3
5020	Telephone operators	55	42,063	1,947	4,020	4.6	9.6
5030	Communications equipment operators, all other	15	8,017	0	0	0.0	0.0
5100	Bill and account collectors	257	193,850	10,296	10,296	5.3	5.3
5110	Billing and posting clerks and machine operators	601	456,372	18,777	22,196	4.1	4.9
5120	Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks	1,626	1,143,144	44,916	53,089	3.9	4.6
5130	Gaming cage workers	10	3,559	527	527	14.8	14.8
5140	Payroll and timekeeping clerks	214	156,961	20,198	23,563	12.9	15.0
5150	Procurement clerks	40	25,845	4,167	4,167	16.1	16.1
5160	Tellers	551	411,724	5,773	8,198	1.4	2.0
5165	Financial clerks, all other	90	66,445	2,350	2,350	3.5	3.5
5200	Brokerage clerks	15	12,775	0	0	0.0	0.0
5220	Court, municipal, and license clerks	100	77,882	22,786	25,029	29.3	32.1
5230	Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks	71	47,591	1,758	1,758	3.7	3.7
5240	Customer service representatives	2,485	1,908,907	119,542	136,235	6.3	7.1
5250	Eligibility interviewers, government programs	116	83,229	25,673	27,813	30.8	33.4
5260	File Clerks	437	340,554	39,809	48,081	11.7	14.1
5300	Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks	197	140,839	9,184	9,184	6.5	6.5
5310	Interviewers, except eligibility and loan	220	164,333	17,532	17,532	10.7	10.7
5320	Library assistants, clerical	149	115,386	19,804	23,542	17.2	20.4
5330	Loan interviewers and clerks	157	116,965	104	710	0.1	0.6
5340	New accounts clerks	41	32,132	0	0	0.0	0.0
5350	Correspondence clerks and order clerks	153	115,633	6,920	6,920	6.0	6.0
5360	Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping	67	49,661	2,789	3,241	5.6	6.5
5400	Receptionists and information clerks	1,694	1,259,610	55,149	60,060	4.4	4.8
5410	Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks	145	93,449	20,510	23,294	21.9	24.9
5420	Information and record clerks, all other	170	126,830	13,908	16,461	11.0	13.0
5500	Cargo and freight agents	12	8,313	1,965	1,965	23.6	23.6
5510	Couriers and messengers	305	229,088	54,560	57,249	23.8	25.0
5520	Dispatchers	323	234,884	44,011	50,641	18.7	21.6
5530	Meter readers, utilities	35	27,355	10,649	11,583	38.9	42.3
5540	Postal service clerks	185	140,852	106,648	109,751	75.7	77.9
5550	Postal service mail carriers	462	348,514	255,823	272,568	73.4	78.2
5560	Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators	83	59,701	41,203	44,617	69.0	74.7
5600	Production, planning, and expediting clerks	340	239,611	18,764	20,488	7.8	8.6
5610	Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks	711	550,753	47,919	54,674	8.7	9.9
5620	Stock clerks and order fillers	1,946	1,546,420	108,359	123,315	7.0	8.0
5630	Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping	93	67,160	3,971	3,971	5.9	5.9
5700	Secretaries and administrative assistants	3,937	2,745,363	217,747	251,433	7.9	9.2
5800	Computer operators	173	136,999	18,301	20,675	13.4	15.1
5810	Data entry keyers	453	337,612	21,014	21,936	6.2	6.5
5820	Word processors and typists	180	140,620	30,760	31,645	21.9	22.5
5840	Insurance claims and policy processing clerks	343	258,851	8,131	8,745	3.1	3.4
5850	Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service	132	100,969	13,952	14,771	13.8	14.6
5860	Office clerks, general	1,376	1,054,810	116,977	129,150	11.1	12.2
5900	Office machine operators, except computer	60	48,323	4,008	4,311	8.3	8.9
5910	Proofreaders and copy markers	13	10,606	0	0	0.0	0.0
5920	Statistical assistants	21	14,080	5,024	5,024	35.7	35.7
5940	Office and administrative support workers, including desktop publishers	658	452,655	31,433	38,459	6.9	8.5
	FARMING, FISHING, AND FORESTRY OCCUPATIONS	1,343	939,556	31,425	37,452	3.3	4.0
6005	First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers	54	38,946	0	0	0.0	0.0
6010	Agricultural inspectors	28	23,658	6,461	7,081	27.3	29.9
6040	Graders and sorters, agricultural products	117	94,593	10,008	10,184	10.6	10.8
6050	Miscellaneous agricultural workers, including animal breeders	1,021	711,266	11,484	15,831	1.6	2.2
6100	Fishing and hunting workers	27	15,187	0	0	0.0	0.0
6120	Forest and conservation workers	14	7,800	1,642	2,241	21.0	28.7
6130	Logging workers	71	41,649	1,830	2,115	4.4	5.1
	CONSTRUCTION AND EXTRACTION OCCUPATIONS	7,264	5,573,007	1,065,655	1,121,464	19.1	20.1
6200	First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers	692	503,233	83,967	93,577	16.7	18.6
6210	Boilermakers	21	18,297	7,060	7,060	38.6	38.6
6220	Brickmasons, blockmasons, and stonemasons	132	112,424	25,003	25,003	22.2	22.2
6230	Carpenters	1,045	824,468	114,284	121,235	13.9	14.7
6240	Carpet, floor, and tile installers and finishers	156	137,411	12,126	12,126	8.8	8.8
6250	Cement masons, concrete finishers, and terrazzo workers	72	63,704	14,427	14,427	22.6	22.6
6260	Construction laborers	1,238	1,016,371	118,220	121,285	11.6	11.9
6300	Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	29	19,640	4,935	4,935	25.1	25.1
6320	Construction equipment operators, except Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators	526	361,036	120,650	127,130	33.4	35.2
6330	Drywall installers, ceiling tile installers, and tapers	137	117,800	12,190	14,395	10.3	12.2
6355	Electricians	793	566,612	196,079	208,186	34.6	36.7
6360	Glaziers	55	44,475	5,832	6,523	13.1	14.7
6400	Insulation workers	62	42,946	8,183	9,317	19.1	21.7
6420	Painters, construction and maintenance and paperhangers	388	325,803	32,162	33,629	9.9	10.3
6440	Pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters	573	441,058	127,814	130,170	29.0	29.5
6460	Plasterers and stucco masons	22	19,445	2,486	2,486	12.8	12.8
6500	Reinforcing iron and rebar workers	6	5,443	1,207	1,207	22.2	22.2
6515	Roofers	200	168,238	8,704	9,974	5.2	5.9
6520	Sheet metal workers	155	114,957	33,021	34,878	28.7	30.3
6530	Structural iron and steel workers	84	68,909	32,214	32,214	46.7	46.7
6600	Helpers, construction trades	68	64,421	9,354	10,208	14.5	15.8
6660	Construction and building inspectors	88	58,612	8,763	10,697	15.0	18.3
6700	Elevator installers and repairers	41	31,229	18,113	18,752	58.0	60.0
6710	Fence erectors	38	34,645	1,713	1,713	4.9	4.9
6720	Hazardous materials removal workers	38	25,988	4,379	4,379	16.9	16.9
6730	Highway maintenance workers	134	98,767	31,893	33,289	32.3	33.7
6740	Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators	17	8,014	1,482	2,730	18.5	34.1
6750	Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners	11	9,002	2,976	2,976	33.1	33.1
6765	Miscellaneous construction and related workers, including photovoltaic installers	36	31,171	4,196	4,196	13.5	13.5
6800	Derrick, rotary drill, and service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining	64	43,211	369	369	0.9	0.9
6820	Earth drillers, except oil and gas	33	16,913	1,909	2,454	11.3	14.5
6830	Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters	14	9,641	2,426	2,426	25.2	25.2
6840	Mining machine operators	141	72,230	12,703	12,703	17.6	17.6
6920	Roustabouts, oil and gas	35	17,705	0	0	0.0	0.0
6940	Other extraction workers, including roof bolters and helpers	86	53,014	3,585	3,585	6.8	6.8
	INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, AND REPAIR OCCUPATIONS	5,805	4,442,101	742,976	802,128	16.7	18.1
7000	First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers	448	329,575	38,353	44,603	11.6	13.5
7010	Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers	361	275,248	11,049	14,648	4.0	5.3
7020	Radio and telecommunications equipment installers and repairers	192	148,698	41,678	41,678	28.0	28.0
7030	Avionics technicians	21	16,898	7,414	8,514	43.9	50.4
7040	Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers	34	28,131	2,798	2,798	9.9	9.9
7100	Electrical and electronics repairers, transportation equipment, industrial and utility	22	14,833	6,721	7,570	45.3	51.0
7110	Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles	20	16,072	7,885	7,885	49.1	49.1
7120	Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers	40	33,873	1,633	2,659	4.8	7.9
7130	Security and fire alarm systems installers	59	45,236	6,516	7,750	14.4	17.1
7140	Aircraft mechanics and service technicians	184	148,406	47,343	54,766	31.9	36.9
7150	Automotive body and related repairers	142	111,844	3,785	4,464	3.4	4.0
7160	Automotive glass installers and repairers	19	10,573	716	716	6.8	6.8
7200	Automotive service technicians and mechanics	879	708,230	34,201	40,322	4.8	5.7
7210	Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists	405	293,283	60,095	63,540	20.5	21.7
7220	Heavy vehicle and mobile equipment service technicians and mechanics	297	187,183	41,395	45,395	22.1	24.3
7240	Small engine mechanics	54	43,149	4,292	4,292	9.9	9.9
7260	Miscellaneous vehicle and mobile equipment mechanics, installers, and repairers	111	88,250	3,441	3,932	3.9	4.5
7300	Control and valve installers and repairers	32	25,364	3,212	4,797	12.7	18.9
7315	Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers	380	298,836	53,084	56,585	17.8	18.9
7320	Home appliance repairers	39	28,283	349	2,056	1.2	7.3
7330	Industrial and refractory machinery mechanics	564	433,125	87,672	92,246	20.2	21.3
7340	Maintenance and repair workers, general	528	392,891	60,561	65,125	15.4	16.6
7350	Maintenance workers, machinery	46	36,143	8,250	8,250	22.8	22.8
7360	Millwrights	75	57,707	23,610	24,466	40.9	42.4
7410	Electrical power-line installers and repairers	152	112,545	60,259	60,641	53.5	53.9
7420	Telecommunications line installers and repairers	252	203,414	70,176	72,340	34.5	35.6
7430	Precision instrument and equipment repairers	91	65,145	10,854	11,466	16.7	17.6
7510	Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers	50	39,126	4,369	5,400	11.2	13.8
7520	Commercial divers	4	701	133	133	19.0	19.0
7540	Locksmiths and safe repairers	25	17,771	1,116	1,970	6.3	11.1
7550	Manufactured building and mobile home installers	10	8,380	0	0	0.0	0.0
7560	Riggers	18	14,908	5,218	6,106	35.0	41.0
7610	Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers	27	22,268	3,792	3,792	17.0	17.0
7630	Other installation, maintenance, repair workers, including wind turbine techs, divers, train switch	200	170,212	18,921	19,063	11.1	11.2
	PRODUCTION OCCUPATIONS	10,045	7,737,639	1,102,667	1,157,551	14.3	15.0
7700	First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers	889	676,025	62,079	71,140	9.2	10.5
7710	Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers	23	19,364	4,825	4,825	24.9	24.9
7720	Electrical, electronics, and electromechanical assemblers	204	158,810	17,648	17,935	11.1	11.3
7730	Engine and other machine assemblers	39	30,129	8,646	8,646	28.7	28.7
7740	Structural metal fabricators and fitters	40	32,728	9,136	9,136	27.9	27.9
7750	Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators	1,025	837,063	135,401	140,793	16.2	16.8
7800	Bakers	248	185,493	20,373	20,373	11.0	11.0
7810	Butchers and other meat, poultry, and fish processing workers	431	319,007	73,944	74,350	23.2	23.3
7830	Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders	15	11,057	4,510	4,510	40.8	40.8
7840	Food batchmakers	120	85,809	11,018	12,291	12.8	14.3
7850	Food cooking machine operators and tenders	25	22,632	3,339	3,555	14.8	15.7
7855	Food processing workers, all other	156	113,841	22,394	22,394	19.7	19.7
7900	Computer control programmers and operators	85	70,947	4,184	4,184	5.9	5.9
7920	Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	13	10,638	1,095	1,095	10.3	10.3
7940	Rolling machine setters, operators; tenders and forging machine setters, operators; tenders, metal a	10	8,712	4,277	4,277	49.1	49.1
7950	Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	120	98,916	14,752	17,314	14.9	17.5
8000	Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and pl	75	63,538	9,910	9,910	15.6	15.6
8010	Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	16	14,964	2,282	2,282	15.3	15.3
8030	Machinists	531	405,150	62,557	66,499	15.4	16.4
8040	Metal furnace and kiln operators and tenders	23	19,427	3,569	3,569	18.4	18.4
8100	Molders and molding machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	58	48,873	5,834	7,768	11.9	15.9
8130	Tool and die makers	83	64,563	10,094	10,094	15.6	15.6
8140	Welding, soldering, and brazing workers	662	478,423	87,499	94,328	18.3	19.7
8200	Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic	19	14,779	1,610	1,610	10.9	10.9
8210	Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners	8	6,614	1,080	1,080	16.3	16.3
8220	Metalworkers and plastic workers, all other	448	376,662	50,589	55,854	13.4	14.8
8250	Prepress technicians and workers	51	39,357	3,336	3,336	8.5	8.5
8255	Printing press operators	267	200,553	34,822	34,822	17.4	17.4
8256	Print binding and finishing workers	24	15,452	2,276	2,276	14.7	14.7
8300	Laundry and dry-cleaning workers	233	161,620	9,389	10,298	5.8	6.4
8310	Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials	63	48,138	4,170	4,170	8.7	8.7
8320	Sewing machine operators	165	137,356	4,369	4,369	3.2	3.2
8330	Shoe and leather workers and repairers	11	9,283	953	953	10.3	10.3
8350	Tailors, dressmakers, and sewers	59	52,779	1,096	1,096	2.1	2.1
8400	Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders	7	6,520	0	0	0.0	0.0
8410	Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders	10	8,892	0	0	0.0	0.0
8420	Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders	20	20,142	0	0	0.0	0.0
8450	Upholsterers	43	37,100	1,734	1,734	4.7	4.7
8460	Miscellaneous textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, except upholsterers	21	15,670	2,730	2,730	17.4	17.4
8500	Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters	60	43,342	2,112	2,112	4.9	4.9
8510	Furniture finishers	13	11,125	887	887	8.0	8.0
8530	Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood	45	34,314	1,659	2,777	4.8	8.1
8540	Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing	29	19,079	920	920	4.8	4.8
8550	Miscellaneous woodworkers, including model makers and pattern makers	14	11,285	1,162	1,302	10.3	11.5
8600	Power plant operators, distributors, and dispatchers	71	52,641	16,317	16,411	31.0	31.2
8610	Stationary engineers and boiler operators	139	95,020	28,369	28,990	29.9	30.5
8620	Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators	98	77,225	26,986	27,399	34.9	35.5
8630	Miscellaneous plant and system operators	55	37,345	12,877	12,877	34.5	34.5
8640	Chemical processing machine setters, operators, and tenders	86	65,238	14,775	15,498	22.6	23.8
8650	Crushing, grinding, polishing, mixing, and blending workers	134	100,425	12,082	12,082	12.0	12.0
8710	Cutting workers	108	84,554	8,548	8,661	10.1	10.2
8720	Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders	45	33,047	8,718	8,718	26.4	26.4
8730	Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders	19	11,682	3,163	3,163	27.1	27.1
8740	Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers	845	649,508	64,202	69,367	9.9	10.7
8750	Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers	25	16,702	759	759	4.5	4.5
8760	Medical, dental, and ophthalmic laboratory technicians	115	81,213	4,814	5,697	5.9	7.0
8800	Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders	389	287,879	50,141	53,829	17.4	18.7
8810	Painting workers	151	116,673	11,737	11,737	10.1	10.1
8830	Photographic process workers and processing machine operators	58	40,571	977	977	2.4	2.4
8850	Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders	15	10,893	748	748	6.9	6.9
8860	Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders	17	13,764	2,162	2,162	15.7	15.7
8910	Etchers and engravers	10	7,699	1,018	1,018	13.2	13.2
8920	Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic	32	25,830	1,072	1,072	4.2	4.2
8930	Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders	46	31,823	8,153	8,153	25.6	25.6
8940	Tire builders	19	17,163	5,219	5,219	30.4	30.4
8950	Helpers--production workers	63	58,852	2,405	2,405	4.1	4.1
8965	Production workers, including semiconductor processors and cooling and freezing equipment operators	917	713,298	102,479	106,150	14.4	14.9
	TRANSPORTATION AND MATERIAL MOVING OCCUPATIONS	10,078	7,890,405	1,385,491	1,465,907	17.6	18.6
9000	Supervisors, transportation and material moving workers	292	225,906	22,195	25,313	9.8	11.2
9030	Aircraft pilots and flight engineers	150	110,054	64,747	66,487	58.8	60.4
9040	Air traffic controllers and airfield operations specialists	53	41,173	22,792	24,067	55.4	58.5
9050	Flight attendants	107	84,997	49,994	49,994	58.8	58.8
9110	Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians	15	10,326	1,537	1,537	14.9	14.9
9120	Bus drivers	790	558,265	204,760	217,938	36.7	39.0
9130	Driver/sales workers and truck drivers	3,656	2,794,506	343,449	362,066	12.3	13.0
9140	Taxi drivers and chauffeurs	338	267,006	26,104	28,283	9.8	10.6
9150	Motor vehicle operators, all other	74	60,638	6,457	7,027	10.6	11.6
9200	Locomotive engineers and operators	71	43,664	35,800	35,800	82.0	82.0
9240	Railroad brake, signal, switch operators, conductors and yardmasters	69	52,170	44,203	45,450	84.7	87.1
9260	Subway, streetcar, and other rail transportation workers	18	15,719	9,178	9,178	58.4	58.4
9300	Sailors and marine oilers, and ship engineers	27	23,536	4,231	5,603	18.0	23.8
9310	Ship and boat captains and operators	47	41,015	2,027	2,186	4.9	5.3
9350	Parking lot attendants	103	81,453	3,642	3,642	4.5	4.5
9360	Service station attendants	100	74,098	1,346	2,509	1.8	3.4
9410	Transportation inspectors	46	33,267	11,297	12,619	34.0	37.9
9415	Transportation attendants, except flight attendants	38	26,124	13,087	14,558	50.1	55.7
9420	Other transportation workers, including bridge and lock tenders	25	16,492	5,820	5,820	35.3	35.3
9510	Crane and tower operators	74	63,391	25,374	25,374	40.0	40.0
9520	Dredge, excavating, and loading machine operators	65	38,542	7,147	7,484	18.5	19.4
9560	Hoist and winch operators, and conveyor operators and tenders	6	6,070	0	0	0.0	0.0
9600	Industrial truck and tractor operators	580	524,206	89,428	95,002	17.1	18.1
9610	Cleaners of vehicles and equipment	363	306,704	23,519	27,661	7.7	9.0
9620	Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand	2,214	1,782,762	292,691	309,017	16.4	17.3
9630	Machine feeders and offbearers	44	36,620	7,991	7,991	21.8	21.8
9640	Packers and packagers, hand	470	393,646	25,353	31,085	6.4	7.9
9650	Pumping station operators	47	26,276	1,512	1,512	5.8	5.8
9720	Refuse and recyclable material collectors	85	70,738	14,186	14,283	20.1	20.2
9750	Material moving workers, including mine shuttle operators and tank car, truck, and ship loaders	73	52,879	13,155	13,155	24.9	24.9
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 2011. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: COC=2010 Census occupation code
used in CPS, Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are
union members, Covered=workers covered by a collective bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers
who are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
* Revised February 2013 to be time compatable with codes adopted in May 2012 that collapsed very
small occupations into larger ones.
© 2012, 2013 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.