Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State, 1997 (details in table note)
State
Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
63	Alabama	Total	2,067	1,812,437	184,499	212,209	10.2	11.7
63	Alabama	Private	1,734	1,523,757	110,757	120,551	7.3	7.9
63	Alabama	Public	333	288,680	73,741	91,658	25.5	31.8
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	100	90,802	3,654	3,654	4.0	4.0
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	473	419,916	71,518	76,180	17.0	18.1
94	Alaska	Total	1,809	250,425	50,093	55,912	20.0	22.3
94	Alaska	Private	1,210	169,243	16,174	17,973	9.6	10.6
94	Alaska	Public	599	81,183	33,920	37,939	41.8	46.7
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	100	14,530	2,392	2,674	16.5	18.4
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	64	8,955	476	589	5.3	6.6
86	Arizona	Total	2,193	1,887,531	131,722	155,283	7.0	8.2
86	Arizona	Private	1,851	1,600,433	78,453	91,004	4.9	5.7
86	Arizona	Public	342	287,098	53,269	64,279	18.6	22.4
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	141	126,961	14,520	15,359	11.4	12.1
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	275	239,263	11,747	12,681	4.9	5.3
71	Arkansas	Total	1,998	1,004,002	59,405	68,301	5.9	6.8
71	Arkansas	Private	1,657	835,504	37,776	43,800	4.5	5.2
71	Arkansas	Public	341	168,497	21,630	24,501	12.8	14.5
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	94	48,427	1,892	1,892	3.9	3.9
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	467	237,852	21,878	26,267	9.2	11.0
93	California	Total	12,185	12,878,007	2,066,662	2,320,639	16.0	18.0
93	California	Private	10,299	10,873,299	1,087,751	1,205,611	10.0	11.1
93	California	Public	1,886	2,004,708	978,911	1,115,027	48.8	55.6
93	California	Priv. Construction	514	577,100	112,939	114,960	19.6	19.9
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	2,165	2,236,412	216,325	240,626	9.7	10.8
84	Colorado	Total	2,427	1,813,666	174,166	200,745	9.6	11.1
84	Colorado	Private	2,085	1,556,461	104,573	121,365	6.7	7.8
84	Colorado	Public	342	257,205	69,592	79,381	27.1	30.9
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	152	113,097	10,369	11,429	9.2	10.1
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	317	236,954	28,317	29,099	12.0	12.3
16	Connecticut	Total	1,694	1,469,003	247,808	262,270	16.9	17.9
16	Connecticut	Private	1,496	1,298,085	142,570	153,198	11.0	11.8
16	Connecticut	Public	198	170,917	105,237	109,072	61.6	63.8
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	65	58,323	14,278	15,130	24.5	25.9
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	334	287,310	40,839	42,514	14.2	14.8
51	Delaware	Total	1,649	335,515	39,185	44,712	11.7	13.3
51	Delaware	Private	1,425	290,704	24,545	27,394	8.4	9.4
51	Delaware	Public	224	44,811	14,640	17,318	32.7	38.6
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	79	16,474	1,120	1,357	6.8	8.2
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	260	52,593	9,275	10,548	17.6	20.1
53	D.C.	Total	1,438	221,588	30,143	37,249	13.6	16.8
53	D.C.	Private	962	148,050	12,484	15,337	8.4	10.4
53	D.C.	Public	476	73,537	17,659	21,911	24.0	29.8
53	D.C.	Priv. Construction	26	4,132	528	754	12.8	18.2
53	D.C.	Priv. Manufacturing	34	5,025	1,021	1,300	20.3	25.9
59	Florida	Total	6,764	5,909,967	402,986	533,117	6.8	9.0
59	Florida	Private	5,768	5,057,543	162,525	213,220	3.2	4.2
59	Florida	Public	996	852,424	240,461	319,896	28.2	37.5
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	399	358,108	21,074	22,653	5.9	6.3
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	647	571,623	25,911	33,503	4.5	5.9
58	Georgia	Total	2,821	3,348,804	238,141	267,525	7.1	8.0
58	Georgia	Private	2,338	2,794,163	146,269	157,423	5.2	5.6
58	Georgia	Public	483	554,641	91,872	110,102	16.6	19.9
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	142	174,492	14,008	15,204	8.0	8.7
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	563	680,504	60,192	62,591	8.8	9.2
95	Hawaii	Total	1,546	481,297	126,741	135,882	26.3	28.2
95	Hawaii	Private	1,212	379,525	67,978	71,678	17.9	18.9
95	Hawaii	Public	334	101,772	58,763	64,204	57.7	63.1
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	88	26,570	10,030	10,030	37.7	37.7
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	58	18,176	2,682	2,682	14.8	14.8
82	Idaho	Total	2,313	513,621	43,416	52,011	8.5	10.1
82	Idaho	Private	1,842	414,816	24,753	27,426	6.0	6.6
82	Idaho	Public	471	98,805	18,663	24,584	18.9	24.9
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	160	36,261	4,155	4,155	11.5	11.5
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	403	90,276	9,382	10,827	10.4	12.0
33	Illinois	Total	6,751	5,233,736	970,778	1,041,016	18.5	19.9
33	Illinois	Private	5,827	4,501,706	656,552	699,532	14.6	15.5
33	Illinois	Public	924	732,030	314,226	341,484	42.9	46.6
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	329	255,076	118,929	122,576	46.6	48.1
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	1,283	1,002,059	214,806	224,167	21.4	22.4
32	Indiana	Total	2,314	2,732,718	398,569	437,975	14.6	16.0
32	Indiana	Private	2,034	2,405,678	308,347	325,311	12.8	13.5
32	Indiana	Public	280	327,040	90,222	112,664	27.6	34.4
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	103	129,190	38,658	39,873	29.9	30.9
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	639	747,752	185,284	192,130	24.8	25.7
42	Iowa	Total	2,166	1,303,568	172,381	204,548	13.2	15.7
42	Iowa	Private	1,837	1,110,036	106,377	118,922	9.6	10.7
42	Iowa	Public	329	193,532	66,004	85,627	34.1	44.2
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	75	45,377	9,154	9,154	20.2	20.2
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	430	261,705	50,166	56,978	19.2	21.8
47	Kansas	Total	2,105	1,112,446	86,915	113,590	7.8	10.2
47	Kansas	Private	1,698	903,521	57,127	71,549	6.3	7.9
47	Kansas	Public	407	208,925	29,788	42,041	14.3	20.1
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	91	49,227	6,361	7,458	12.9	15.1
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	347	183,173	24,931	33,842	13.6	18.5
61	Kentucky	Total	1,941	1,582,424	193,102	220,730	12.2	13.9
61	Kentucky	Private	1,623	1,325,115	133,197	141,497	10.1	10.7
61	Kentucky	Public	318	257,309	59,905	79,233	23.3	30.8
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	93	75,189	11,456	12,281	15.2	16.3
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	365	299,042	72,271	72,271	24.2	24.2
72	Louisiana	Total	1,962	1,687,158	118,650	149,656	7.0	8.9
72	Louisiana	Private	1,613	1,386,958	77,000	89,879	5.6	6.5
72	Louisiana	Public	349	300,200	41,651	59,776	13.9	19.9
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	119	105,672	9,964	10,951	9.4	10.4
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	249	220,747	35,920	38,927	16.3	17.6
11	Maine	Total	1,678	531,678	71,997	79,849	13.5	15.0
11	Maine	Private	1,425	454,148	37,530	39,598	8.3	8.7
11	Maine	Public	253	77,530	34,468	40,250	44.5	51.9
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	82	26,906	1,886	1,886	7.0	7.0
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	325	102,081	24,994	25,621	24.5	25.1
52	Maryland	Total	1,908	2,335,767	348,668	403,113	14.9	17.3
52	Maryland	Private	1,467	1,789,165	155,145	177,811	8.7	9.9
52	Maryland	Public	441	546,602	193,523	225,302	35.4	41.2
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	113	139,767	12,995	14,700	9.3	10.5
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	157	189,796	37,914	39,998	20.0	21.1
14	Massachusetts	Total	3,948	2,793,681	423,064	462,945	15.1	16.6
14	Massachusetts	Private	3,424	2,430,187	222,597	251,507	9.2	10.3
14	Massachusetts	Public	524	363,494	200,467	211,437	55.2	58.2
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	166	119,080	26,375	27,121	22.1	22.8
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	687	489,249	53,081	55,445	10.8	11.3
34	Michigan	Total	5,640	4,190,257	969,024	1,024,105	23.1	24.4
34	Michigan	Private	4,922	3,663,969	663,463	701,387	18.1	19.1
34	Michigan	Public	718	526,288	305,562	322,718	58.1	61.3
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	230	173,751	57,544	60,397	33.1	34.8
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	1,434	1,087,821	356,540	368,367	32.8	33.9
41	Minnesota	Total	2,465	2,195,916	436,090	459,604	19.9	20.9
41	Minnesota	Private	2,091	1,871,424	251,768	261,127	13.5	14.0
41	Minnesota	Public	374	324,492	184,322	198,477	56.8	61.2
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	122	109,368	45,676	45,676	41.8	41.8
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	439	387,667	62,473	64,433	16.1	16.6
64	Mississippi	Total	1,819	1,071,771	57,518	85,840	5.4	8.0
64	Mississippi	Private	1,474	872,648	43,182	56,013	4.9	6.4
64	Mississippi	Public	345	199,123	14,335	29,828	7.2	15.0
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	77	44,730	2,948	3,965	6.6	8.9
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	404	243,134	20,006	24,257	8.2	10.0
43	Missouri	Total	2,007	2,464,049	359,342	388,509	14.6	15.8
43	Missouri	Private	1,692	2,087,778	273,549	283,185	13.1	13.6
43	Missouri	Public	315	376,270	85,793	105,324	22.8	28.0
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	113	143,493	54,190	55,564	37.8	38.7
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	321	391,857	96,627	97,828	24.7	25.0
81	Montana	Total	2,002	342,524	47,323	53,015	13.8	15.5
81	Montana	Private	1,496	257,731	18,568	20,622	7.2	8.0
81	Montana	Public	506	84,794	28,756	32,393	33.9	38.2
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	89	15,744	2,647	2,931	16.8	18.6
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	194	33,820	4,600	4,782	13.6	14.1
46	Nebraska	Total	2,203	740,739	68,808	91,139	9.3	12.3
46	Nebraska	Private	1,812	611,270	35,993	48,335	5.9	7.9
46	Nebraska	Public	391	129,469	32,816	42,804	25.3	33.1
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	100	34,018	4,467	4,467	13.1	13.1
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	298	100,295	13,059	19,481	13.0	19.4
88	Nevada	Total	2,030	770,484	147,115	185,656	19.1	24.1
88	Nevada	Private	1,739	663,886	103,158	130,012	15.5	19.6
88	Nevada	Public	291	106,598	43,957	55,644	41.2	52.2
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	165	65,478	22,852	24,039	34.9	36.7
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	106	39,281	3,494	4,594	8.9	11.7
12	New Hampshire	Total	1,677	543,773	55,631	62,650	10.2	11.5
12	New Hampshire	Private	1,440	467,880	22,908	25,087	4.9	5.4
12	New Hampshire	Public	237	75,893	32,723	37,563	43.1	49.5
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	70	22,650	3,105	3,544	13.7	15.6
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	401	132,320	8,672	10,169	6.6	7.7
22	New Jersey	Total	5,038	3,651,603	802,066	866,450	22.0	23.7
22	New Jersey	Private	4,273	3,105,352	462,757	500,815	14.9	16.1
22	New Jersey	Public	765	546,252	339,309	365,636	62.1	66.9
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	202	146,557	45,585	47,594	31.1	32.5
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	837	607,779	133,768	140,998	22.0	23.2
85	New Mexico	Total	2,027	663,630	55,574	74,838	8.4	11.3
85	New Mexico	Private	1,494	490,491	27,901	34,216	5.7	7.0
85	New Mexico	Public	533	173,140	27,674	40,622	16.0	23.5
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	117	39,686	3,807	3,807	9.6	9.6
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	118	38,882	2,591	2,927	6.7	7.5
21	New York	Total	9,451	7,405,839	1,949,380	2,050,247	26.3	27.7
21	New York	Private	7,618	5,986,613	957,218	1,025,253	16.0	17.1
21	New York	Public	1,833	1,419,225	992,163	1,024,994	69.9	72.2
21	New York	Priv. Construction	364	289,513	92,149	97,843	31.8	33.8
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	1,294	1,010,675	225,227	233,393	22.3	23.1
56	North Carolina	Total	4,287	3,336,994	126,220	152,693	3.8	4.6
56	North Carolina	Private	3,620	2,822,864	78,132	89,397	2.8	3.2
56	North Carolina	Public	667	514,130	48,088	63,295	9.4	12.3
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	244	201,490	4,188	4,188	2.1	2.1
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	1,092	862,587	21,654	26,013	2.5	3.0
44	North Dakota	Total	2,050	277,387	23,913	28,153	8.6	10.1
44	North Dakota	Private	1,656	224,925	14,200	16,265	6.3	7.2
44	North Dakota	Public	394	52,461	9,713	11,889	18.5	22.7
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	88	12,280	1,966	1,966	16.0	16.0
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	163	21,776	3,789	4,171	17.4	19.2
31	Ohio	Total	6,074	4,940,386	931,292	1,002,747	18.9	20.3
31	Ohio	Private	5,242	4,276,680	616,802	653,357	14.4	15.3
31	Ohio	Public	832	663,706	314,491	349,389	47.4	52.6
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	242	202,682	64,599	68,042	31.9	33.6
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	1,338	1,102,580	314,504	323,523	28.5	29.3
73	Oklahoma	Total	2,192	1,305,008	109,512	133,634	8.4	10.2
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,772	1,055,384	66,374	70,007	6.3	6.6
73	Oklahoma	Public	420	249,624	43,138	63,627	17.3	25.5
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	107	65,520	4,429	4,429	6.8	6.8
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	298	177,208	28,049	28,049	15.8	15.8
92	Oregon	Total	1,846	1,373,984	242,242	272,100	17.6	19.8
92	Oregon	Private	1,565	1,171,239	131,262	148,134	11.2	12.6
92	Oregon	Public	281	202,746	110,980	123,966	54.7	61.1
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	114	87,013	20,254	20,254	23.3	23.3
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	339	255,859	38,949	42,110	15.2	16.5
23	Pennsylvania	Total	6,535	5,063,761	865,989	923,797	17.1	18.2
23	Pennsylvania	Private	5,667	4,385,756	517,166	545,894	11.8	12.4
23	Pennsylvania	Public	868	678,005	348,823	377,903	51.4	55.7
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	250	200,781	47,905	50,163	23.9	25.0
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	1,245	979,381	211,779	215,405	21.6	22.0
15	Rhode Island	Total	1,649	433,770	80,948	84,789	18.7	19.5
15	Rhode Island	Private	1,411	374,474	40,033	42,030	10.7	11.2
15	Rhode Island	Public	238	59,296	40,915	42,759	69.0	72.1
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	53	14,079	2,263	2,263	16.1	16.1
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	350	93,466	9,001	9,265	9.6	9.9
57	South Carolina	Total	1,797	1,659,332	61,257	82,947	3.7	5.0
57	South Carolina	Private	1,483	1,371,810	41,450	50,304	3.0	3.7
57	South Carolina	Public	314	287,523	19,807	32,643	6.9	11.4
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	104	99,018	2,483	3,997	2.5	4.0
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	426	394,996	22,247	23,880	5.6	6.0
45	South Dakota	Total	2,158	306,136	21,045	26,190	6.9	8.6
45	South Dakota	Private	1,728	249,446	9,792	11,493	3.9	4.6
45	South Dakota	Public	430	56,690	11,253	14,697	19.9	25.9
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	94	13,431	368	613	2.7	4.6
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	307	45,669	3,979	4,406	8.7	9.6
62	Tennessee	Total	1,921	2,234,037	192,909	234,166	8.6	10.5
62	Tennessee	Private	1,611	1,879,922	119,125	132,888	6.3	7.1
62	Tennessee	Public	310	354,115	73,784	101,278	20.8	28.6
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	100	117,462	17,085	17,085	14.5	14.5
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	407	467,200	50,974	54,128	10.9	11.6
74	Texas	Total	7,577	8,355,912	538,625	650,894	6.4	7.8
74	Texas	Private	6,331	7,007,059	293,775	355,776	4.2	5.1
74	Texas	Public	1,246	1,348,854	244,850	295,118	18.2	21.9
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	430	493,080	26,279	33,184	5.3	6.7
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	1,086	1,197,882	113,966	122,843	9.5	10.3
87	Utah	Total	2,368	890,902	74,011	86,494	8.3	9.7
87	Utah	Private	1,897	717,894	33,810	37,816	4.7	5.3
87	Utah	Public	471	173,008	40,200	48,678	23.2	28.1
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	141	55,032	5,878	6,725	10.7	12.2
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	352	132,597	7,795	7,795	5.9	5.9
13	Vermont	Total	1,594	258,092	21,840	25,841	8.5	10.0
13	Vermont	Private	1,377	223,687	8,603	9,003	3.8	4.0
13	Vermont	Public	217	34,405	13,237	16,838	38.5	48.9
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	67	10,904	649	649	5.9	5.9
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	293	47,248	2,921	2,921	6.2	6.2
54	Virginia	Total	2,478	2,962,361	192,650	220,210	6.5	7.4
54	Virginia	Private	2,000	2,404,433	119,947	130,504	5.0	5.4
54	Virginia