Union Membership, Coverage, Density and Employment by State, 2010 (details in table note)
State
Code	State	Sector	Obs	Employment	Members	Covered	%Mem	%Cov
63	Alabama	Total	1,722	1,808,807	183,338	202,789	10.1	11.2
63	Alabama	Private	1,388	1,463,322	83,562	91,171	5.7	6.2
63	Alabama	Public	334	345,485	99,776	111,617	28.9	32.3
63	Alabama	Priv. Construction	92	100,593	4,785	4,785	4.8	4.8
63	Alabama	Priv. Manufacturing	236	245,221	31,989	35,585	13.0	14.5
94	Alaska	Total	2,247	295,063	67,624	73,043	22.9	24.8
94	Alaska	Private	1,633	216,858	24,313	27,049	11.2	12.5
94	Alaska	Public	614	78,205	43,311	45,994	55.4	58.8
94	Alaska	Priv. Construction	125	17,440	3,731	3,872	21.4	22.2
94	Alaska	Priv. Manufacturing	55	7,349	207	207	2.8	2.8
86	Arizona	Total	1,860	2,506,723	160,989	202,952	6.4	8.1
86	Arizona	Private	1,527	2,065,530	73,929	86,349	3.6	4.2
86	Arizona	Public	333	441,192	87,060	116,603	19.7	26.4
86	Arizona	Priv. Construction	116	163,760	8,713	10,298	5.3	6.3
86	Arizona	Priv. Manufacturing	152	210,208	4,119	4,119	2.0	2.0
71	Arkansas	Total	1,609	1,081,711	43,635	58,569	4.0	5.4
71	Arkansas	Private	1,330	896,547	24,083	32,763	2.7	3.7
71	Arkansas	Public	279	185,164	19,552	25,806	10.6	13.9
71	Arkansas	Priv. Construction	73	47,617	2,936	2,936	6.2	6.2
71	Arkansas	Priv. Manufacturing	232	157,392	9,369	11,442	6.0	7.3
93	California	Total	13,254	13,891,632	2,431,276	2,577,781	17.5	18.6
93	California	Private	10,922	11,485,816	1,068,723	1,144,949	9.3	10.0
93	California	Public	2,332	2,405,816	1,362,553	1,432,833	56.6	59.6
93	California	Priv. Construction	643	707,158	110,716	116,498	15.7	16.5
93	California	Priv. Manufacturing	1,390	1,449,582	122,164	132,282	8.4	9.1
84	Colorado	Total	3,684	2,130,393	140,378	170,935	6.6	8.0
84	Colorado	Private	3,111	1,804,693	69,393	87,117	3.8	4.8
84	Colorado	Public	573	325,700	70,985	83,818	21.8	25.7
84	Colorado	Priv. Construction	200	119,190	6,388	7,661	5.4	6.4
84	Colorado	Priv. Manufacturing	299	174,007	8,904	10,598	5.1	6.1
16	Connecticut	Total	4,075	1,548,906	258,266	269,737	16.7	17.4
16	Connecticut	Private	3,456	1,318,304	109,851	116,608	8.3	8.8
16	Connecticut	Public	619	230,602	148,415	153,129	64.4	66.4
16	Connecticut	Priv. Construction	151	57,409	9,952	9,952	17.3	17.3
16	Connecticut	Priv. Manufacturing	488	184,915	20,877	21,277	11.3	11.5
51	Delaware	Total	2,562	352,227	40,229	43,916	11.4	12.5
51	Delaware	Private	2,122	292,509	17,008	18,692	5.8	6.4
51	Delaware	Public	440	59,718	23,221	25,224	38.9	42.2
51	Delaware	Priv. Construction	141	19,448	2,015	2,015	10.4	10.4
51	Delaware	Priv. Manufacturing	253	34,512	2,914	3,176	8.4	9.2
53	D.C.	Total	2,525	287,362	25,858	30,036	9.0	10.5
53	D.C.	Private	1,800	205,865	12,249	13,791	5.9	6.7
53	D.C.	Public	725	81,497	13,609	16,245	16.7	19.9
53	D.C.	Priv. Construction	45	5,202	0	0	0.0	0.0
53	D.C.	Priv. Manufacturing	27	3,038	0	0	0.0	0.0
59	Florida	Total	6,051	7,033,457	391,750	488,041	5.6	6.9
59	Florida	Private	5,108	5,952,140	139,305	187,389	2.3	3.1
59	Florida	Public	943	1,081,317	252,445	300,652	23.3	27.8
59	Florida	Priv. Construction	306	372,863	9,509	10,752	2.6	2.9
59	Florida	Priv. Manufacturing	346	406,917	10,095	13,478	2.5	3.3
58	Georgia	Total	3,471	3,792,128	153,309	191,330	4.0	5.0
58	Georgia	Private	2,847	3,126,093	79,557	94,424	2.5	3.0
58	Georgia	Public	624	666,034	73,752	96,906	11.1	14.5
58	Georgia	Priv. Construction	182	205,359	8,617	8,617	4.2	4.2
58	Georgia	Priv. Manufacturing	341	373,237	12,703	14,690	3.4	3.9
95	Hawaii	Total	2,577	511,431	111,344	120,341	21.8	23.5
95	Hawaii	Private	2,063	408,102	59,476	66,475	14.6	16.3
95	Hawaii	Public	514	103,330	51,868	53,866	50.2	52.1
95	Hawaii	Priv. Construction	147	30,660	10,549	11,383	34.4	37.1
95	Hawaii	Priv. Manufacturing	57	11,724	1,563	2,192	13.3	18.7
82	Idaho	Total	1,682	583,830	41,513	50,063	7.1	8.6
82	Idaho	Private	1,348	471,511	17,104	20,410	3.6	4.3
82	Idaho	Public	334	112,318	24,409	29,653	21.7	26.4
82	Idaho	Priv. Construction	81	29,914	2,413	2,413	8.1	8.1
82	Idaho	Priv. Manufacturing	171	57,661	3,581	3,928	6.2	6.8
33	Illinois	Total	5,301	5,434,237	843,807	891,203	15.5	16.4
33	Illinois	Private	4,506	4,631,488	441,049	469,197	9.5	10.1
33	Illinois	Public	795	802,749	402,758	422,006	50.2	52.6
33	Illinois	Priv. Construction	186	188,949	65,130	65,886	34.5	34.9
33	Illinois	Priv. Manufacturing	660	679,883	81,821	86,859	12.0	12.8
32	Indiana	Total	2,525	2,553,550	278,577	312,798	10.9	12.2
32	Indiana	Private	2,148	2,180,533	178,779	193,114	8.2	8.9
32	Indiana	Public	377	373,017	99,798	119,684	26.8	32.1
32	Indiana	Priv. Construction	109	114,340	32,196	32,196	28.2	28.2
32	Indiana	Priv. Manufacturing	476	480,026	83,988	87,648	17.5	18.3
42	Iowa	Total	3,500	1,392,729	158,157	191,811	11.4	13.8
42	Iowa	Private	2,873	1,144,398	80,948	90,414	7.1	7.9
42	Iowa	Public	627	248,331	77,210	101,397	31.1	40.8
42	Iowa	Priv. Construction	168	66,834	9,667	11,463	14.5	17.2
42	Iowa	Priv. Manufacturing	555	219,536	39,482	42,804	18.0	19.5
47	Kansas	Total	2,475	1,221,559	83,673	111,005	6.8	9.1
47	Kansas	Private	1,964	975,392	44,219	56,890	4.5	5.8
47	Kansas	Public	511	246,166	39,454	54,115	16.0	22.0
47	Kansas	Priv. Construction	106	54,297	5,577	6,317	10.3	11.6
47	Kansas	Priv. Manufacturing	321	157,662	19,663	25,635	12.5	16.3
61	Kentucky	Total	2,274	1,641,655	146,526	166,109	8.9	10.1
61	Kentucky	Private	1,895	1,376,800	98,548	109,546	7.2	8.0
61	Kentucky	Public	379	264,855	47,978	56,563	18.1	21.4
61	Kentucky	Priv. Construction	103	79,126	12,423	12,423	15.7	15.7
61	Kentucky	Priv. Manufacturing	299	216,576	27,997	28,862	12.9	13.3
72	Louisiana	Total	1,495	1,742,418	75,612	96,009	4.3	5.5
72	Louisiana	Private	1,207	1,419,772	45,497	58,235	3.2	4.1
72	Louisiana	Public	288	322,647	30,115	37,773	9.3	11.7
72	Louisiana	Priv. Construction	91	104,574	2,114	2,958	2.0	2.8
72	Louisiana	Priv. Manufacturing	118	134,488	22,280	27,186	16.6	20.2
11	Maine	Total	3,208	543,451	62,883	70,673	11.6	13.0
11	Maine	Private	2,732	463,623	23,816	26,153	5.1	5.6
11	Maine	Public	476	79,828	39,067	44,520	48.9	55.8
11	Maine	Priv. Construction	130	21,653	1,268	1,268	5.9	5.9
11	Maine	Priv. Manufacturing	310	52,329	8,941	9,266	17.1	17.7
52	Maryland	Total	4,317	2,557,824	296,083	328,810	11.6	12.9
52	Maryland	Private	3,285	1,945,630	117,752	130,188	6.1	6.7
52	Maryland	Public	1,032	612,194	178,331	198,622	29.1	32.4
52	Maryland	Priv. Construction	251	148,564	9,917	11,161	6.7	7.5
52	Maryland	Priv. Manufacturing	217	125,689	12,829	14,342	10.2	11.4
14	Massachusetts	Total	2,676	2,865,795	414,768	446,406	14.5	15.6
14	Massachusetts	Private	2,302	2,475,897	172,567	195,340	7.0	7.9
14	Massachusetts	Public	374	389,899	242,201	251,065	62.1	64.4
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Construction	112	120,442	18,809	18,809	15.6	15.6
14	Massachusetts	Priv. Manufacturing	272	290,191	21,182	27,378	7.3	9.4
34	Michigan	Total	3,718	3,805,863	627,272	658,717	16.5	17.3
34	Michigan	Private	3,179	3,264,305	362,588	378,473	11.1	11.6
34	Michigan	Public	539	541,558	264,684	280,245	48.9	51.7
34	Michigan	Priv. Construction	107	109,973	23,855	23,855	21.7	21.7
34	Michigan	Priv. Manufacturing	619	625,055	108,998	112,953	17.4	18.1
41	Minnesota	Total	4,498	2,467,752	384,570	397,257	15.6	16.1
41	Minnesota	Private	3,808	2,102,710	176,409	181,276	8.4	8.6
41	Minnesota	Public	690	365,042	208,161	215,981	57.0	59.2
41	Minnesota	Priv. Construction	161	90,370	22,608	22,608	25.0	25.0
41	Minnesota	Priv. Manufacturing	617	340,475	28,607	29,197	8.4	8.6
64	Mississippi	Total	1,377	1,037,372	46,250	58,259	4.5	5.6
64	Mississippi	Private	1,081	823,013	30,431	34,219	3.7	4.2
64	Mississippi	Public	296	214,359	15,819	24,040	7.4	11.2
64	Mississippi	Priv. Construction	63	49,737	3,635	3,635	7.3	7.3
64	Mississippi	Priv. Manufacturing	215	162,762	10,388	11,051	6.4	6.8
43	Missouri	Total	2,887	2,468,757	244,315	274,391	9.9	11.1
43	Missouri	Private	2,477	2,122,086	181,118	191,877	8.5	9.0
43	Missouri	Public	410	346,671	63,198	82,513	18.2	23.8
43	Missouri	Priv. Construction	128	112,037	36,022	37,656	32.2	33.6
43	Missouri	Priv. Manufacturing	366	309,594	51,152	52,789	16.5	17.1
81	Montana	Total	1,377	363,884	46,084	52,242	12.7	14.4
81	Montana	Private	1,104	292,181	16,421	18,914	5.6	6.5
81	Montana	Public	273	71,703	29,663	33,328	41.4	46.5
81	Montana	Priv. Construction	74	19,547	2,293	2,293	11.7	11.7
81	Montana	Priv. Manufacturing	79	20,370	2,221	2,221	10.9	10.9
46	Nebraska	Total	2,822	813,071	75,330	95,612	9.3	11.8
46	Nebraska	Private	2,275	659,164	31,801	39,730	4.8	6.0
46	Nebraska	Public	547	153,906	43,529	55,883	28.3	36.3
46	Nebraska	Priv. Construction	115	34,001	4,467	4,467	13.1	13.1
46	Nebraska	Priv. Manufacturing	379	110,216	12,814	16,956	11.6	15.4
88	Nevada	Total	2,433	1,011,731	151,274	169,879	15.0	16.8
88	Nevada	Private	2,078	866,154	93,206	103,392	10.8	11.9
88	Nevada	Public	355	145,577	58,068	66,487	39.9	45.7
88	Nevada	Priv. Construction	125	54,860	16,678	17,481	30.4	31.9
88	Nevada	Priv. Manufacturing	100	40,953	2,797	2,797	6.8	6.8
12	New Hampshire	Total	3,992	622,471	63,227	72,601	10.2	11.7
12	New Hampshire	Private	3,388	529,623	23,314	25,882	4.4	4.9
12	New Hampshire	Public	604	92,848	39,913	46,719	43.0	50.3
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Construction	138	21,080	1,851	1,851	8.8	8.8
12	New Hampshire	Priv. Manufacturing	549	85,514	3,334	3,474	3.9	4.1
22	New Jersey	Total	3,664	3,733,761	636,940	659,975	17.1	17.7
22	New Jersey	Private	3,072	3,129,413	280,291	293,530	9.0	9.4
22	New Jersey	Public	592	604,347	356,649	366,445	59.0	60.6
22	New Jersey	Priv. Construction	167	171,421	34,473	36,552	20.1	21.3
22	New Jersey	Priv. Manufacturing	317	320,949	24,878	26,537	7.8	8.3
85	New Mexico	Total	1,300	749,525	54,786	72,408	7.3	9.7
85	New Mexico	Private	906	530,343	13,579	18,689	2.6	3.5
85	New Mexico	Public	394	219,182	41,207	53,719	18.8	24.5
85	New Mexico	Priv. Construction	62	36,410	2,286	2,971	6.3	8.2
85	New Mexico	Priv. Manufacturing	65	39,832	1,918	1,918	4.8	4.8
21	New York	Total	7,205	8,077,936	1,958,725	2,098,566	24.2	26.0
21	New York	Private	5,848	6,574,578	899,082	1,002,391	13.7	15.2
21	New York	Public	1,357	1,503,358	1,059,643	1,096,175	70.5	72.9
21	New York	Priv. Construction	300	348,520	95,900	99,722	27.5	28.6
21	New York	Priv. Manufacturing	480	530,204	81,005	86,580	15.3	16.3
56	North Carolina	Total	3,207	3,685,868	116,692	179,603	3.2	4.9
56	North Carolina	Private	2,618	3,022,355	53,772	75,428	1.8	2.5
56	North Carolina	Public	589	663,513	62,920	104,175	9.5	15.7
56	North Carolina	Priv. Construction	180	216,150	5,107	5,107	2.4	2.4
56	North Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	424	474,041	18,394	21,650	3.9	4.6
44	North Dakota	Total	2,425	312,875	23,018	28,442	7.4	9.1
44	North Dakota	Private	1,898	245,841	11,331	12,965	4.6	5.3
44	North Dakota	Public	527	67,034	11,687	15,477	17.4	23.1
44	North Dakota	Priv. Construction	137	17,940	1,861	1,992	10.4	11.1
44	North Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	182	23,339	2,174	2,174	9.3	9.3
31	Ohio	Total	4,665	4,786,868	654,925	701,860	13.7	14.7
31	Ohio	Private	3,946	4,061,810	342,366	366,809	8.4	9.0
31	Ohio	Public	719	725,058	312,559	335,052	43.1	46.2
31	Ohio	Priv. Construction	199	201,614	42,507	43,437	21.1	21.5
31	Ohio	Priv. Manufacturing	726	734,266	129,887	133,807	17.7	18.2
73	Oklahoma	Total	1,966	1,417,791	77,415	98,508	5.5	6.9
73	Oklahoma	Private	1,568	1,136,864	40,212	52,948	3.5	4.7
73	Oklahoma	Public	398	280,928	37,203	45,560	13.2	16.2
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Construction	96	71,454	1,364	1,364	1.9	1.9
73	Oklahoma	Priv. Manufacturing	175	125,232	8,787	11,797	7.0	9.4
92	Oregon	Total	2,272	1,515,070	245,101	267,894	16.2	17.7
92	Oregon	Private	1,884	1,263,235	114,853	124,651	9.1	9.9
92	Oregon	Public	388	251,834	130,248	143,243	51.7	56.9
92	Oregon	Priv. Construction	107	72,744	9,725	10,517	13.4	14.5
92	Oregon	Priv. Manufacturing	269	178,841	21,124	21,124	11.8	11.8
23	Pennsylvania	Total	5,101	5,223,632	770,188	831,385	14.7	15.9
23	Pennsylvania	Private	4,413	4,526,696	422,696	459,409	9.3	10.1
23	Pennsylvania	Public	688	696,936	347,492	371,976	49.9	53.4
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Construction	218	224,400	59,427	62,495	26.5	27.8
23	Pennsylvania	Priv. Manufacturing	643	652,371	76,412	79,609	11.7	12.2
15	Rhode Island	Total	2,967	455,608	74,854	79,424	16.4	17.4
15	Rhode Island	Private	2,526	389,437	32,701	35,375	8.4	9.1
15	Rhode Island	Public	441	66,171	42,153	44,049	63.7	66.6
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Construction	103	16,232	3,194	3,194	19.7	19.7
15	Rhode Island	Priv. Manufacturing	343	52,703	3,953	4,394	7.5	8.3
57	South Carolina	Total	2,028	1,713,003	79,583	106,807	4.6	6.2
57	South Carolina	Private	1,650	1,396,863	38,213	55,248	2.7	4.0
57	South Carolina	Public	378	316,140	41,369	51,559	13.1	16.3
57	South Carolina	Priv. Construction	79	69,112	1,614	2,409	2.3	3.5
57	South Carolina	Priv. Manufacturing	293	246,406	12,227	19,440	5.0	7.9
45	South Dakota	Total	2,854	356,769	20,017	23,536	5.6	6.6
45	South Dakota	Private	2,331	293,568	8,724	10,304	3.0	3.5
45	South Dakota	Public	523	63,201	11,293	13,232	17.9	20.9
45	South Dakota	Priv. Construction	141	17,357	757	857	4.4	4.9
45	South Dakota	Priv. Manufacturing	341	41,742	3,170	3,305	7.6	7.9
62	Tennessee	Total	2,174	2,477,414	115,456	142,482	4.7	5.8
62	Tennessee	Private	1,828	2,084,239	46,294	62,975	2.2	3.0
62	Tennessee	Public	346	393,175	69,162	79,507	17.6	20.2
62	Tennessee	Priv. Construction	95	107,348	6,548	6,548	6.1	6.1
62	Tennessee	Priv. Manufacturing	269	297,958	19,276	24,391	6.5	8.2
74	Texas	Total	8,791	10,025,473	545,357	676,658	5.4	6.7
74	Texas	Private	7,323	8,385,025	268,878	331,754	3.2	4.0
74	Texas	Public	1,468	1,640,448	276,479	344,904	16.9	21.0
74	Texas	Priv. Construction	580	696,991	14,141	18,985	2.0	2.7
74	Texas	Priv. Manufacturing	855	983,865	74,872	82,656	7.6	8.4
87	Utah	Total	1,999	1,143,844	74,614	95,594	6.5	8.4
87	Utah	Private	1,604	921,622	35,711	42,231	3.9	4.6
87	Utah	Public	395	222,223	38,903	53,364	17.5	24.0
87	Utah	Priv. Construction	126	74,727	6,946	7,517	9.3	10.1
87	Utah	Priv. Manufacturing	211	119,619	7,171	8,127	6.0	6.8
13	Vermont	Total	2,756	289,484	34,240	39,509	11.8	13.6
13	Vermont	Private	2,299	242,751	12,792	14,424	5.3	5.9
13	Vermont	Public	457	46,734	21,447	25,085	45.9	53.7
13	Vermont	Priv. Construction	130	13,966	466	577	3.3	4.1
13	Vermont	Priv. Manufacturing	315	32,948	1,209	1,623	3.7	4.9
54	Virginia	Total	3,807	3,473,021	160,630	196,445	4.6	5.7
54	Virginia	Private	2,971	2,724,020	79,786	88,762	2.9	3.3
54	Virginia	Public	836	749,001	80,844	107,683	10.8	14.4
54	Virginia	Priv. Construction	189	183,080	7,083	7,083	3.9	3.9
54	Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	269	245,699	21,860	22,966	8.9	9.3
91	Washington	Total	2,896	2,837,203	551,767	605,237	19.4	21.3
91	Washington	Private	2,344	2,301,512	247,323	277,144	10.7	12.0
91	Washington	Public	552	535,691	304,444	328,093	56.8	61.2
91	Washington	Priv. Construction	146	146,753	23,259	23,259	15.8	15.8
91	Washington	Priv. Manufacturing	304	299,838	66,018	70,559	22.0	23.5
55	West Virginia	Total	1,640	676,538	99,862	111,367	14.8	16.5
55	West Virginia	Private	1,238	516,067	57,918	65,221	11.2	12.6
55	West Virginia	Public	402	160,470	41,944	46,146	26.1	28.8
55	West Virginia	Priv. Construction	88	35,381	10,383	10,802	29.3	30.5
55	West Virginia	Priv. Manufacturing	121	51,790	13,438	14,595	25.9	28.2
35	Wisconsin	Total	3,523	2,507,887	354,882	379,812	14.2	15.1
35	Wisconsin	Private	2,991	2,131,282	179,517	192,873	8.4	9.0
35	Wisconsin	Public	532	376,605	175,366	186,939	46.6	49.6
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Construction	138	97,946	23,623	24,348	24.1	24.9
35	Wisconsin	Priv. Manufacturing	606	424,685	63,215	65,559	14.9	15.4
83	Wyoming	Total	2,394	245,685	18,087	20,702	7.4	8.4
83	Wyoming	Private	1,765	182,804	8,880	10,399	4.9	5.7
83	Wyoming	Public	629	62,881	9,207	10,303	14.6	16.4
83	Wyoming	Priv. Construction	149	16,072	1,061	1,222	6.6	7.6
83	Wyoming	Priv. Manufacturing	81	8,366	526	610	6.3	7.3
Data Sources: Current Population Survey (CPS) Outgoing Rotation Group (ORG) Earnings Files, 2010. Sample includes
employed wage and salary workers, ages 16 and over. Variable definitions are: State Code=Census state code  used
in CPS, Obs=CPS sample size, Employment=wage and salary employment, Members=employed workers who are union
members, Covered=workers covered by a collective bargaining agreement, %Mem=percent of employed workers who
are union members, and %Cov=percent of employed workers who are covered by a collective bargaining agreement.
© 2011 by Barry T. Hirsch and David A. Macpherson.  The use of data requires citation.